{"id":105117,"date":"2022-09-16T15:36:39","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T13:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/cloudflare-pereshyol-s-nginx-na-sobstvennyj-prokci-pingora-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust"},"modified":"2022-09-16T15:36:39","modified_gmt":"2022-09-16T13:36:40","slug":"cloudflare-pereshyol-s-nginx-na-sobstvennyj-prokci-pingora-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/cloudflare-pereshyol-s-nginx-na-sobstvennyj-prokci-pingora-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"Cloudflare er skiftet fra NGINX til deres egen proxy Pingora, skrevet i Rust","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Cloudflare har meddelt, at de har overf\u00f8rt deres indholdsleveringsnetv\u00e6rk til at anvende Pingora-proxyen, som er udviklet i Rust. Den nye proxy har erstattet konfigurationen baseret p\u00e5 NGINX-serveren med Lua-scripts og h\u00e5ndterer mere end en trillion foresp\u00f8rgsler om dagen. Det bem\u00e6rkes, at overgangen til en specialiseret proxy ikke kun har gjort det muligt at implementere nye funktioner og \u00f8ge sikkerheden gennem sikker hukommelsesbrug, men ogs\u00e5 har f\u00f8rt til en betydelig forbedring af ydeevnen og ressourcebesparelse \u2014 l\u00f8sningen baseret p\u00e5 Pingora kr\u00e6ver ikke brug af Lua, hvilket reducerer CPU-forbruget med 70% og hukommelsesforbruget med 67% ved behandling af den samme m\u00e6ngde trafik. <\/p>\n

I lang tid var systemet til proxying af trafik mellem brugere og slutpunkter servere<\/a> baseret p\u00e5 NGINX og Lua-scripts tilstr\u00e6kkeligt for Cloudflare, men med netv\u00e6rkets v\u00e6kst og stigende kompleksitet viste den universelle l\u00f8sning sig utilstr\u00e6kkelig, b\u00e5de hvad ang\u00e5r ydeevne og p\u00e5 grund af begr\u00e6nsninger i skalerbarhed og implementering af nye funktioner til kunder. Is\u00e6r opstod der udfordringer i at tilf\u00f8je funktionalitet, der gik ud over en simpel gateway og belastningsfordeler. For eksempel opstod behovet for i tilf\u00e6lde af fejlh\u00e5ndtering serveren<\/a> at omdirigere anmodningen til en anden server med et andet s\u00e6t af HTTP-header. <\/p>\n

I stedet for en arkitektur, der opdeler anmodningerne i separate behandlingsprocesser (worker), anvender Pingora en multithreaded-model, som i Cloudflares brugsscenarier (h\u00f8j trafikkoncentration fra forskellige websites med stort statistisk skift) har vist sig at fordele ressourcerne mere effektivt mellem CPU-kernene. Is\u00e6r f\u00f8rte bindingen af ubalancerede anmodninger til processerne i nginx til en ubalanceret belastning af CPU-kernene, hvilket gjorde, at ressourcekr\u00e6vende anmodninger og blokering af I\/O forsinkede behandlingen af andre anmodninger. Desuden tillod bindingen af forbindelsespuljen til behandlingsprocesserne ikke genbrug af allerede oprettede forbindelser fra andre behandlingsprocesser, hvilket reducerede effektiviteten ved et stort antal behandlingsprocesser. <\/p>\n

NGINX:

\"Cloudflare<\/center> <\/p>\n

Pingora:

\"Cloudflare<\/center> <\/p>\n

Implementeringen af Pingora har reduceret antallet af installationer af nye forbindelser med 160 gange og \u00f8get andelen af genanvendte anmodninger fra 87,1% til 99,92%. Ud over reduktionen af gentagne forbindelser og mere effektiv brug af CPU-kerner, er forbedringen af ydeevnen for den nye proxy prim\u00e6rt drevet af elimineringen af de langsomme Lua-h\u00e5ndterere, der bruges med nginx. <\/p>\n

Rust-sproget er valgt, fordi det muligg\u00f8r h\u00f8j ydeevne og har v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer til at sikre sikker hukommelsesadgang. Det n\u00e6vnes, at selv med h\u00f8jt kvalificerede ingeni\u00f8rer fra Cloudflare og kodegennemgang i C-sproget, kunne man ikke undg\u00e5 fejl, der f\u00f8rte til hukommelsesproblemer (f.eks. s\u00e5rbarhed i HTML-parseren). Vedr\u00f8rende den nye kode er der omtalt tilf\u00e6ldige nedbrud i Pingora, som viste sig at v\u00e6re for\u00e5rsaget af fejl i Linux-kernen og hardwarefejl. <\/p>\n

Derudover kan det n\u00e6vnes, at Linus Torvalds i en kommentar under den igangv\u00e6rende Open-Source Summit Europe konference talte om at inkludere underst\u00f8ttelse af Rust-sprog i Linux-kernen. I kernel 6.0 blev der ikke inkluderet patches til at udvikle enhedsdrivere i Rust, men if\u00f8lge Linus vil de sandsynligvis blive accepteret i kernel 6.1, da han ikke har til hensigt at forsinke integrationen. Som motivation for at tilf\u00f8je Rust-underst\u00f8ttelse n\u00e6vner Linus ikke kun den positive indvirkning p\u00e5 sikkerheden, men ogs\u00e5 muligheden for at \u00f8ge interessen blandt nye bidragydere, hvilket er relevant i lyset af, at de nuv\u00e6rende veteraner bliver \u00e6ldre.
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":105118,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Cloudflare har skiftet fra NGINX til sin egen proxy Pingora, skrevet i Rust | ProHoster","description":"Cloudflare har meddelt, at de har overf\u00f8rt deres indholdsleveringsnetv\u00e6rk til at bruge Pingora-proxyen, skrevet i 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