{"id":105466,"date":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov"},"modified":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","slug":"lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","title":{"rendered":"Lennart Pottering foreslog at modernisere opdelingen af boot partitioner","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Lennart Pottering har fortsat publiceringen af id\u00e9er til omarbejdning af komponenter til opstart af Linux og har set p\u00e5 situationen med duplikerede opstartssektioner. Utilfredshed blev udl\u00f8st af brugen af to diskpartitioner med forskellige filsystemer til organisering af den initiale opstart, som monteres indlejret \u2014 partitionen \/boot\/efi baseret p\u00e5 VFAT-filsystemet med EFI-firmwarekomponenter (EFI System Partition) og partitionen \/boot baseret p\u00e5 ext4, btrfs eller xfs-filsystemet, hvor linuxkerner og initrd-billeder samt opstartskonfigurationer gemmes. <\/p>\n

Situationen forv\u00e6rres af, at EFI-partitionen er f\u00e6lles for alle systemer, mens opstartspartitionen med kernen og initrd oprettes separat for hver installeret Linux-distribution, hvilket f\u00f8rer til behovet for at oprette un\u00f8dvendige partitioner ved installation af flere distributioner p\u00e5 systemet. P\u00e5 sin side medf\u00f8rer behovet for at underst\u00f8tte forskellige filsystemer en kompleksitet for opstartladeren, og brugen af indlejrede partitioner h\u00e6mmer implementeringen af automatisk montering (partitionen \/boot\/efi kan kun monteres efter montering af partitionen \/boot). <\/p>\n

Lennart foreslog at bruge kun \u00e9n opstartpartition, og p\u00e5 systemer med EFI at placere billederne med kernen og initrd som standard i VFAT-partitionen \/efi. P\u00e5 systemer uden EFI, eller hvis EFI-partitionen allerede eksisterer ved installationen (hvis et andet operativsystem bruges parallelt), og der ikke er tilstr\u00e6kkelig ledig plads, kan en separat partition \/boot af typen XBOOTLDR bruges (partitionen \/efi i partitionstabellen har typen ESP). Det foresl\u00e5s at oprette ESP- og XBOOTLDR-partitioner i separate kataloger (separat montering af \/efi og \/boot i stedet for indlejret montering af \/boot\/efi), g\u00f8re dem autodetekterbare og automatisk monterbare via identifikation efter typen XBOOTLDR i partitionstabellen (uden at skrive partitionen ind i \/etc\/fstab). <\/p>\n

Partitionen \/boot vil v\u00e6re f\u00e6lles for alle installerede Linux-distributioner p\u00e5 computeren, mens partitioneringen af distributionsspecifikke filer vil ske p\u00e5 undersubkatalogniveau (hver installeret distribution har sit eget underkatalog). I henhold til etableret praksis og kravene i UEFI-specifikationen anvendes kun VFAT-filsystemet til partitionen med EFI-komponenter. For at forenkle og undg\u00e5 problemer i bootloaderen, der relaterer sig til underst\u00f8ttelsen af forskellige filsystemer, foresl\u00e5s det at bruge VFAT som filsystem til partitionen \/boot, hvilket markant vil forenkle implementeringen af komponenter p\u00e5 bootloader-siden, der f\u00e5r adgang til data i partitionerne \/boot og \/efi. Denne unificering vil muligg\u00f8re ligelig underst\u00f8ttelse af begge partitioner (\/boot og \/efi) til boot af kerne-billeder og initrd.
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Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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