{"id":108052,"date":"2023-04-24T12:48:09","date_gmt":"2023-04-24T10:48:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=108052"},"modified":"2023-04-24T16:01:33","modified_gmt":"2023-04-24T14:01:33","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-6-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-6-3","title":{"rendered":"Udgivelse af Linux-kernen 6.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Efter to m\u00e5neders udvikling pr\u00e6senterede Linus Torvalds udgivelsen af Linux-kernen 6.3. Blandt de mest markante \u00e6ndringer er: oprydning af for\u00e6ldede ARM-platforme og grafiske drivere, fortsat integration af underst\u00f8ttelse af Rust-sprog, v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jet hwnoise, underst\u00f8ttelse af red-black tr\u00e6strukturer i BPF, BIG TCP-tilstand for IPv4, indbygget ydelsestest Dhrystone, mulighed for at forbyde eksekvering i memfd samt support til oprettelse af HID-drivere ved hj\u00e6lp af BPF, med \u00e6ndringer i Btrfs til at reducere fragmenteringen af blokgrupper.      <\/p>\n<p>Den nye version indeholder 15637 rettelser fra 2055 udviklere; patchst\u00f8rrelsen er 76 MB (\u00e6ndringerne ber\u00f8rte 14296 filer, tilf\u00f8jet 1023183 kodelinjer, fjernet 883103 kodelinjer). Til sammenligning blev der i den tidligere version tilbudt 16843 rettelser fra 2178 udviklere; patchst\u00f8rrelsen var 62 MB. Omkring 39% af alle \u00e6ndringer pr\u00e6senteret i kernen 6.3 er relateret til enhedsdrivere, cirka 15% af \u00e6ndringerne vedr\u00f8rer opdatering af kode, der er specifik for hardwarearkitekturer, 10% er relateret til netv\u00e6rksstakken, 5% til filsystemer, og 3% til interne subsystemer i kernen.    <\/p>\n<p>De vigtigste nyheder i kernen 6.3:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Hukommelse og systemtjenester<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er foretaget en betydelig oprydning af kode relateret til \u00e6ldre og ubrugte ARM-platforme, hvilket har reduceret st\u00f8rrelsen p\u00e5 kildeteksterne i kernen med 150.000 linjer. Over 40 gamle ARM-platforme er fjernet.\n<li class=\"l\"> Muligheden for at oprette drivere til inputenheder med HID (Human Interface Device) interfaces implementeret i form af BPF-programmer er blevet realiseret.\n<li class=\"l\"> Forts\u00e6ttelsen af overf\u00f8rslen fra Rust-for-Linux-grenen af ekstra funktionalitet relateret til brug af Rust som det andet sprog til udvikling af drivere og kerne-moduler. Rust-support er ikke aktiveret som standard og medf\u00f8rer ikke inclusion af Rust i de obligatoriske byggeafh\u00e6ngigheder til kernen. Funktionen, der blev foresl\u00e5et i tidligere udgivelser, er udvidet med underst\u00f8ttelse af typerne Arc (implementering af reference-t\u00e6ller pointere), ScopeGuard (udf\u00f8rer oprydning, n\u00e5r man forlader synsfeltet) og ForeignOwnable (muligg\u00f8r flytning af pointere mellem C og Rust-kode). Modulet 'borrow' (typen 'Cow' og typen 'ToOwned') er fjernet fra 'alloc'-pakken. Det bem\u00e6rkes, at tilstanden af Rust-support i kernen er t\u00e6t p\u00e5 at begynde at optage de f\u00f8rste moduler, der er skrevet i Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> I User-mode Linux (k\u00f8rsel af kernen som en brugerproces) p\u00e5 x86-64 systemer er der implementeret support for kode skrevet i Rust. Der er tilf\u00f8jet support til at bygge User-mode Linux ved hj\u00e6lp af clang med optimeringer inkluderet under linking (LTO).\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er tilf\u00f8jet et v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j, hwnoise, til at overv\u00e5ge forsinkelser for\u00e5rsaget af hardware-specifikke egenskaber. Det bestemmer afvigelser i udf\u00f8relsestid for operationer (jitter), der overstiger en mikrosekund over 10 minutters beregninger, n\u00e5r afbrydelsesbehandling er deaktiveret.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er tilf\u00f8jet et kerne-modul med implementeringen af performance testen Dhrystone, som kan bruges til at vurdere CPU'ens ydeevne i konfigurationer uden brugeromr\u00e5dev\u00e6rdier (f.eks. i portering til nye SoC'er, hvor kun kernen er implementeret).\n<li class=\"l\"> Tilf\u00f8jet kommandolinjeargumentet for kernen 'cgroup.memory=nobpf', som deaktiverer m\u00e5lingen af hukommelsesforbrug for BPF-programmer, hvilket kan v\u00e6re nyttigt for systemer med isolerede containere.\n<li class=\"l\"> For BPF-programmer er der foresl\u00e5et en implementering af en datastruktur i form af en red-black tree, der bruger kfunc + kptr (bpf_rbtree_add, bpf_rbtree_remove, bpf_rbtree_first) i stedet for at tilf\u00f8je en ny types mappning.\n<li class=\"l\"> I mekanismen til genstartbare sekvenser (rseq, restartable sequences) er der tilf\u00f8jet mulighed for at overf\u00f8re identifikatorer for parallel udf\u00f8relse (memory-map concurrency ID) til processer, der er identificeret med CPU-nummeret. Rseq giver midler til hurtig atomisk udf\u00f8relse af operationer, som i tilf\u00e6lde af afbrydelse fra en anden tr\u00e5d bliver ryddet op, og der fors\u00f8ges igen.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00e5 ARM processorer er der sikret support for instruktioner SME 2 (Scalable Matrix Extension).\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er implementeret underst\u00f8ttelse af 'BPF trampoline'-mekanismen for s390x og RISC-V RV64 arkitekturer, hvilket mindsker overhead ved at overf\u00f8re opkald mellem kernen og BPF-programmer.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00e5 systemer med processorer baseret p\u00e5 RISC-V arkitekturen er der implementeret brug af 'ZBB'-instruktioner til at accelerere stringoperationer.\n<li class=\"l\"> For systemer baseret p\u00e5 kommandos\u00e6ttet LoongArch (som anvendes i Loongson 3 5000 processorerne og implementerer en ny RISC ISA, der ligner MIPS og RISC-V) er der implementeret support til randomisering af kernelens adressrum (KASLR), \u00e6ndring af kernelens placering i hukommelsen (relocation), hardware breakpoint og mekanismen kprobe.\n<li class=\"l\"> I DAMOS (Data Access Monitoring-baserede Operationsskemaer) er der implementeret st\u00f8tte til filtre for at udelukke bestemte omr\u00e5der af hukommelsen fra behandling baseret p\u00e5 adgangsfrekvens.\n<li class=\"l\"> Den minimale standard C-bibliotek Nolibc underst\u00f8tter nu arkitekturen s390 og instruktionss\u00e6ttet Arm Thumb1 (udover support for ARM, AArch64, i386, x86_64, RISC-V og MIPS).\n<li class=\"l\"> Objtool er optimeret for at accelerere kerneopbygningen og reducere det maksimale hukommelsesforbrug under bygning (der opst\u00e5r nu ikke problemer med at afslutte processer tvangsvis p\u00e5 systemer med 32 GB RAM, n\u00e5r kernen bygges i 'allyesconfig'-tilstand).\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f8tten til kernelbygning med Intel ICC-kompilatoren er blevet afsluttet, da den har v\u00e6ret ikke-funktionel i lang tid, og ingen har \u00f8nsket at rette dette.              <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>DiskSubsystem, input\/output og filsystemer<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> I tmpfs er der implementeret st\u00f8tte til mapping af bruger-ID'er for monterede filsystemer, anvendt til at matche filer af en bestemt bruger p\u00e5 et monteret fremmed partition med en anden bruger i det aktuelle system.\n<li class=\"l\"> I Btrfs er der sikret opdeling af extent for at reducere fragmenteringen af blokgrupper, det vil sige, at enhver blokgruppe nu begr\u00e6nses til sm\u00e5 (op til 128 KB), mellemstore (op til 8 MB) og store extent. Implementeringen af raid56 er blevet refaktoreret. Koden til kontrolsumkontrol er blevet redesignet. Der er gennemf\u00f8rt ydeevneoptimeringer, der har gjort det muligt at accelerere send-operationen med op til 10 gange ved caching af utime for kataloger og udf\u00f8relse af kommandoer kun n\u00e5r n\u00f8dvendigt. Udf\u00f8relsen af fiemap-operationer er blevet tre gange hurtigere ved at springe checks for cirkul\u00e6re referencer for delte data (snapshots). Metadata-operationer er blevet \u00f8get med 10% ved at optimere s\u00f8gning efter n\u00f8gler i b-tree strukturer.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ydeevnen for ext4-filsystemet er blevet forbedret muligheden for samtidige operationer med direkte input\/output udf\u00f8rt af flere processer i foruddelte blokke, ved at anvende delte inode-l\u00e5se i stedet for eksklusive l\u00e5se.\n<li class=\"l\"> I f2fs er der blevet udf\u00f8rt arbejde for at forbedre l\u00e6sbarheden af koden. Vigtige problemer vedr\u00f8rende atomskrivninger og det nye extent-cache er blevet l\u00f8st.\n<li class=\"l\">  I filsystemet EROFS (Enhanced Read-Only File System), som er designet til brug i partitioner, der kun er tilg\u00e6ngelige i skrivebeskyttet tilstand, er der implementeret en mulighed for binding af CPU til operationerne for udpumpning af komprimeret indhold fra filer for at reducere forsinkelser ved dataadgang.\n<li class=\"l\"> BFQ-io-scheduler f\u00e5r support til avancerede drev med roterende diske, for eksempel til dem, der bruger flere separat styrede hoveddrevsenheder (Multi Actuator).\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementeringen af klienten og <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3909\">server<\/a> NFS inkluderer nu st\u00f8tte til datakryptering ved hj\u00e6lp af AES-SHA2-algoritmen.\n<li class=\"l\"> FUSE-underenheden (Filesystems In User Space) har f\u00e5et tilf\u00f8jet st\u00f8tte til en mekanisme, der udvider foresp\u00f8rgsler og g\u00f8r det muligt at inkludere supplerende oplysninger i foresp\u00f8rgslen. Baseret p\u00e5 denne funktionalitet er identificering af grupper blevet inkluderet i FS-foresp\u00f8rgslen, hvilket er n\u00f8dvendigt for at tage hensyn til adgangsrettigheder ved oprettelse af objekter i FS (create, mkdir, symlink, mknod).                      <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualisering og sikkerhed<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> KVM-hypervisoren for x86-systemer har f\u00e5et tilf\u00f8jet st\u00f8tte til avancerede hyperopkald fra Hyper-V og muligheden for at sende dem videre til en behandler, der k\u00f8rer i v\u00e6rtens brugerplads. \u00c6ndringen har gjort det muligt at implementere st\u00f8tte til indlejret k\u00f8rsel af Hyper-V-hypervisoren.\n<li class=\"l\"> I KVM er begr\u00e6nsningen af g\u00e6stesystemets adgang til PMU (Performance Monitor Unit) h\u00e6ndelser relateret til pr\u00e6stationsm\u00e5ling blevet forenklet.\n<li class=\"l\"> I memfd-mekanismen, der g\u00f8r det muligt at identificere et hukommelsesomr\u00e5de via en filbeskriver, der overf\u00f8res mellem processer, er der tilf\u00f8jet mulighed for at oprette omr\u00e5der, hvor kodeudf\u00f8relse er forbudt (non-executable memfd), og hvor det i fremtiden ikke er muligt at tildele udf\u00f8relsesrettigheder.\n<li class=\"l\"> En ny prctl-operation, PR_SET_MDWE, er blevet tilf\u00f8jet, som blokerer for fors\u00f8g p\u00e5 at aktivere hukommelsesadgangsrettigheder, der samtidig tillader skrivning og udf\u00f8relse.\n<li class=\"l\">  Der er blevet tilf\u00f8jet og aktiveret som standard beskyttelse mod Spectre-angreb, implementeret baseret p\u00e5 den foresl\u00e5ede automatiske IBRS-tilstand (Enhanced Indirect Branch Restricted Speculation) i AMD Zen 4-processorer, som g\u00f8r det muligt adaptivt at tillade og forbyde spekulativ udf\u00f8relse af instruktioner under behandling af afbrydelser, systemopkald og kontekstskift. Den foresl\u00e5ede beskyttelse medf\u00f8rer f\u00e6rre overheadomkostninger sammenlignet med Retpoline-beskyttelsen.\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00e5rbarheden, der g\u00f8r det muligt at omg\u00e5 beskyttelsen mod Spectre v2-angreb ved brug af teknologi til samtidig multitr\u00e5dning (SMT eller Hyper-Threading), er blevet udbedret. \u00c5rsagen hertil er deaktivering af mekanismen STIBP (Single Thread Indirect Branch Predictors) ved valg af beskyttelsesmetode IBRS.\n<li class=\"l\"> For systems based on the ARM64 architecture, a new build target 'virtconfig' has been added, which activates only the minimal set of core components necessary for booting in virtualization systems.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er tilf\u00f8jet st\u00f8tte til filtrering af systemopkald ved hj\u00e6lp af seccomp-mekanismen til m68k-arkitekturen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er tilf\u00f8jet st\u00f8tte til indbyggede CRB TPM2 (Command Response Buffer) enheder i AMD Ryzen-processorer baseret p\u00e5 Microsoft Pluton-teknologi.                  <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Netv\u00e6rkssubsystem<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Netlink-gr\u00e6nsefladen er blevet tilf\u00f8jet for at konfigurere underlaget for PLCA (Physical Layer Collision Avoidance) for at forhindre kollisioner, som er defineret i IEEE 802.3cg-2019-specifikationen og anvendes i 802.3cg Ethernet-netv\u00e6rk (10Base-T1S), der er optimeret til tilslutning af IoT-enheder og industrielle systemer. Anvendelsen af PLCA g\u00f8r det muligt at \u00f8ge ydeevnen i Ethernet-netv\u00e6rk med delt medie.\n<li class=\"l\"> Support for the 'wireless extensions' API for managing WiFi 7 (802.11be) wireless interfaces has been discontinued, as this API does not cover all necessary settings. An attempt to use the 'wireless extensions' API, which continues to be supported as an emulated layer, will now display a warning for most current devices.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er udarbejdet detaljeret dokumentation til netlink-API'et (til kerneludviklere og applikationsudviklere i brugeromr\u00e5det). Der er implementeret et v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j, ynl-gen-c, til at generere C-kode baseret p\u00e5 YAML-specifikationer for netlink-protokollen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er tilf\u00f8jet st\u00f8tte for indstillingen IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE til netv\u00e6rkssokler for at forenkle konfigurationen af udg\u00e5ende forbindelser via adresstranslat\u00f8rer uden brug af SNAT. Ved brug af \u00e9n <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP-adresser\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"716\">IP-adresser<\/a> p\u00e5 flere v\u00e6rter giver IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE mulighed for, at hver v\u00e6rt kan benytte sit eget interval af udg\u00e5ende netv\u00e6rksporte, mens gatewayen omdirigerer pakker baseret p\u00e5 portnumre.\n<li class=\"l\"> For MPTCP (MultiPath TCP), the ability to handle mixed streams using both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols has been implemented. MPTCP is an extension of the TCP protocol that enables the establishment of TCP connections with packet delivery over multiple routes simultaneously through different network interfaces linked to different IP addresses.\n<li class=\"l\"> For IPv4, the option to use the BIG TCP extension has been implemented, allowing an increase in the maximum TCP packet size to 4GB to optimize the performance of high-speed internal data center networks. This increase in packet size with a 16-bit field size in the header is achieved through the implementation of 'jumbo' packets, where the size in the IP header is set to 0, and the actual size is transmitted in a separate 32-bit field in an additional attached header.\n<li class=\"l\"> A new sysctl parameter, default_rps_mask, has been added, which allows setting the default RPS (Receive Packet Steering) configuration responsible for distributing the processing of incoming traffic across CPU cores at the interrupt handler level.\n<li class=\"l\"> Support for traffic shaping disciplines such as CBQ (class-based queuing), ATM (ATM virtual circuits), dsmark (differentiated service marker), tcindex (traffic-control index), and RSVP (resource reservation protocol) has been discontinued. These disciplines have been in a deprecated state for a long time, and there have been no volunteers to continue their maintenance.                            <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Udstyr<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> All graphical drivers based on DRI1 have been removed: i810 (old integrated Intel 8xx graphics cards), mga (Matrox GPU), r128 (ATI Rage 128 GPU, including Rage Fury, XPERT 99, and XPERT 128 cards), savage (S3 Savage GPU), sis (Crusty SiS GPU), tdfx (3dfx Voodoo), and via (VIA IGP), which were declared obsolete in 2016 and have not been supported in Mesa since 2012.\n<li class=\"l\"> Obsolete framebuffer (fbdev) drivers omap1, s3c2410, tmiofb, and w100fb have been removed.\n<li class=\"l\"> A DRM driver has been added for the integrated Intel Meteor Lake (14th generation) VPU (Versatile Processing Unit) blocks, designed to accelerate operations related to computer vision and machine learning. The driver is implemented using the 'accel' subsystem, aimed at providing support for computation accelerators, which can come in the form of separate ASICs or as IP blocks within SoCs and GPUs.     <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> In the i915 (Intel) driver, support for discrete Intel Arc (DG2\/Alchemist) graphics cards has been expanded, initial support for Meteor Lake GPUs has been implemented, and support for Intel Xe HP 4tile GPUs has been included.        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> I driveren amdgpu er der tilf\u00f8jet support for AdaptiveSync-teknologi og mulighed for at bruge Secure Display-tilstand med flere sk\u00e6rme. Supporten for DCN 3.2 (Display Core Next), SR-IOV RAS, VCN RAS, SMU 13.x og DP 2.1 er opdateret.\n<li class=\"l\"> I msm-driveren (Qualcomm Adreno GPU) er der tilf\u00f8jet support for platformene SM8350, SM8450, SM8550, SDM845 og SC8280XP.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> I Nouveau-driveren er supporten for gamle ioctl-opkald blevet fjernet.\n<li class=\"l\"> I etnaviv-driveren er der tilf\u00f8jet eksperimentel support for NPU VerSilicon (VeriSilicon Neural Network Processor).\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er implementeret en pata_parport-driver til IDE-lagringsenheder, der er tilsluttet via en parallelport. Den tilf\u00f8jede driver har muliggjort fjernelse af den gamle PARIDE-driver fra kernen og moderniseringen af ATA-subsystemet. En begr\u00e6nsning ved den nye driver er, at det ikke er muligt at tilslutte b\u00e5de en printer og et diskdrev via parallelporten samtidigt.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er tilf\u00f8jet en ath12k-driver til tr\u00e5dl\u00f8se kort baseret p\u00e5 Qualcomm-chips med support for Wi-Fi 7. Der er ogs\u00e5 tilf\u00f8jet support for tr\u00e5dl\u00f8se kort baseret p\u00e5 RealTek RTL8188EU-chips.\n<li class=\"l\"> Support tilf\u00f8jet for 46 platforme med ARM64-baserede processorer, herunder Samsung Galaxy Tab A (2015), Samsung Galaxy S5, BananaPi R3, Debix Model A, EmbedFire LubanCat 1\/2, Facebook Greatlakes, Orange Pi R1 Plus, Tesla FSD, samt enheder baseret p\u00e5 SoC Qualcomm MSM8953 (Snapdragon 610), SM8550 (Snapdragon 8 Gen 2), SDM450 og SDM632, Rockchips RK3128 TV-boks, RV1126 Vision, RK3588, RK3568, RK3566, RK3588 og RK3328, TI K3 (AM642\/AM654\/AM68\/AM69).       <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>At the same time, the Latin American Free Software Foundation has created a fully free kernel version 6.3 \u2014 Linux-libre 6.3-gnu, stripped of firmware and driver elements containing non-free components or code segments restricted by the manufacturer. In the 6.3 release, blobs were cleaned up in the new ath12k, aw88395, and peb2466 drivers, as well as in the new device tree files for qcom devices based on the AArch64 architecture. The blob cleaning code was updated in the amdgpu, xhci-rcar, qcom-q6v5-pas, sp8870, av7110 drivers, as well as in drivers for DVB cards with software decoding and in precompiled BPF files. Blob cleaning in the mga, r128, tm6000, cpia2, and r8188eu drivers has been discontinued as they have been removed from the kernel. Blob cleaning in the i915 driver has been improved.<br \/>\n<br \/>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=59022\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 6.3. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 ARM-\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 Rust, \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 hwnoise, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 red-black \u0432 BPF, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c BIG TCP \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Dhrystone, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 memfd, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f HID-\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f BPF, \u0432 Btrfs [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 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