{"id":111506,"date":"2023-11-14T21:10:14","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T19:10:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vossozdanie-rsa-klyuchej-cherez-analiz-ssh-soedinenij-k-sbojnym-serveram"},"modified":"2023-11-14T21:10:14","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T19:10:14","slug":"vossozdanie-rsa-klyuchej-cherez-analiz-ssh-soedinenij-k-sbojnym-serveram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vossozdanie-rsa-klyuchej-cherez-analiz-ssh-soedinenij-k-sbojnym-serveram","title":{"rendered":"Genskabelse af RSA-n\u00f8gler ved analyse af SSH-forbindelser til nedbrudte servere","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En gruppe forskere fra University of California, San Diego, har demonstreret muligheden for at genskabe hemmelige v\u00e6rts RSA-n\u00f8gler til SSH-servere ved hj\u00e6lp af passiv analyse af SSH-trafik. Angrebet kan udf\u00f8res p\u00e5 servere, hvor der som f\u00f8lge af omst\u00e6ndigheder eller angreb opst\u00e5r nedbrud under beregningen af digitale signaturer ved etablering af SSH-forbindelse. Nedbrudene kan v\u00e6re b\u00e5de softwarem\u00e6ssige (forkert udf\u00f8relse af matematiske operationer, hukommelseskorruption) og hardwarem\u00e6ssige (fejl ved NVRAM og DRAM eller nedbrud ved str\u00f8mafbrydelser).    <\/p>\n<p>En af m\u00e5derne at fremprovokere nedbrud p\u00e5 kan v\u00e6re RowHammer-angreb, som blandt andet g\u00f8r det muligt at opn\u00e5 forvr\u00e6ngning af indholdet af enkelte bits i hukommelsen ved intens cyklisk l\u00e6sning af data fra n\u00e6rliggende hukommelsesceller, enten eksternt eller under behandling af JavaScript-kode i browseren. En anden m\u00e5de at fremkalde nedbrud p\u00e5 kan v\u00e6re udnyttelse af s\u00e5rbarheder, der f\u00f8rer til buffer overflow og korruption af data med n\u00f8gler i hukommelsen.    <\/p>\n<p>I den offentliggjorte unders\u00f8gelse vises det, at n\u00e5r der anvendes digitale signaturer baseret p\u00e5 RSA-algoritmen i SSH, s\u00e5 kan angreb for genskabelse af hemmelige RSA-n\u00f8gler ved Lattice-metode (Fault Attack) anvendes i tilf\u00e6lde af software- eller hardwarefejl under signaturberegningsprocessen. Metodens essens er, at ved at sammenligne korrekte og fejlbeh\u00e6ftede RSA-digitale signaturer kan den st\u00f8rste f\u00e6lles divisor bestemmes for at afsl\u00f8re et af de primtal, der er brugt til at danne n\u00f8glen.     <\/p>\n<p>RSA-kryptering er baseret p\u00e5 operationen med at h\u00e6ve til en stor modulus. Den offentlige n\u00f8gle indeholder modulus og eksponenten. Modulus dannes ud fra to tilf\u00e6ldige primtal, som kun er kendt af ejeren af den hemmelige n\u00f8gle. Angrebet kan anvendes mod RSA-implementeringer, der anvender den kinesiske restteorem og deterministiske padding-skemata, s\u00e5som PKCS#1 v1.5.           <\/p>\n<p>For an attack, it is sufficient to passively monitor legitimate connections to the SSH server until a faulty digital signature is detected in the traffic, which can be used as a source of information for reconstructing the private RSA key. After reconstructing the host RSA key, the attacker can, during a MITM attack, discreetly redirect requests to a substitute host pretending to be the compromised SSH server and organize interception of the transmitted data. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/server\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">server<\/a> data.        <\/p>\n<p>As a result of studying a collection of intercepted network data, including approximately 5.2 billion records related to the use of the SSH protocol, researchers identified approximately 3.2 billion open host keys and digital signatures used during SSH session negotiation. Of these, 1.2 billion (39.1%) were generated using the RSA algorithm. In 593,671 cases (0.048%), the RSA signature was corrupted and failed verification. For 4,962 faulty signatures, the Lattice factorization method was successfully applied to determine the private key from the known public key, ultimately allowing the reconstruction of 189 unique pairs of RSA keys (in many cases, the same keys and faulty devices were used to generate different corrupted signatures). The key reconstruction required about 26 hours of CPU time.      <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Genskabelse af RSA-n\u00f8gler ved analyse af SSH-forbindelser til nedbrudte servere\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/0a77241c5e2b5fd6ec42ce93d1b77c52.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>The problem only affects specific implementations of the SSH protocol, primarily used in embedded devices. Examples of devices with problematic SSH implementations include products from Zyxel, Cisco, Mocana, and Hillstone Networks. OpenSSH is not susceptible to the problem, as it uses the OpenSSL (or LibreSSL) library for key generation, which has had protection against fault analysis-based attacks since 2001. Furthermore, in OpenSSH, the ssh-rsa digital signature scheme (based on sha1) was deprecated in 2020 and disabled in version 8.8 (support for rsa-sha2-256 and rsa-sha2-512 schemes remains). The attack may potentially apply to the IPsec protocol as well, but researchers did not have sufficient experimental data to confirm such an attack in practice.<br \/>\n<br \/>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60106\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d-\u0414\u0438\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 RSA-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 SSH-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 SSH. \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 SSH-\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 (\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":111507,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d-\u0414\u0438\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 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SSH-forbindelser til fejlede servere | ProHoster","description":"En gruppe forskere fra University of California, San Diego har demonstreret muligheden for at genskabe lukkede hostede RSA-n\u00f8gler fra SSH-servere ved at bruge passiv analyse af SSH-trafik.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vossozdanie-rsa-klyuchej-cherez-analiz-ssh-soedinenij-k-sbojnym-serveram","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"da_DK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 RSA-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 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