{"id":114452,"date":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","date_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami"},"modified":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","slug":"ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","title":{"rendered":"Angreb p\u00e5 visse protokoller baseret p\u00e5 UDP, der f\u00f8rer til en tilbageholdelse af pakkeudvekslingen","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

CERT-koordinationscentret (computer response team for emergencies) har offentliggjort en advarsel om en r\u00e6kke s\u00e5rbarheder i implementeringer af forskellige applikationsprotokoller, der bruger UDP-protokollen til transport. S\u00e5rbarhederne kan udnyttes til at organisere tjenesten\u00e6gtelse, da der er mulighed for cykling af pakkeudveksling mellem to v\u00e6rter. For eksempel kan angribere f\u00e5 netv\u00e6rkets tilg\u00e6ngelige b\u00e5ndbredde til at blive opbrugt, blokere netv\u00e6rkstjenester (f.eks. ved at skabe h\u00f8j belastning og overskride anmodningsintensitetsgr\u00e6nsen) og implementere trafikforst\u00e6rkere til DDoS-angreb. <\/p>\n

Af protokoller, hvor nogle implementeringer er s\u00e5rbare, n\u00e6vnes DNS, NTP, TFTP, Echo (RFC862), Chargen (RFC864) og QOTD (RFC865). S\u00e5rbarheden (CVE-2024-2169) er bekr\u00e6ftet i bestemte produkter fra virksomhederne Cisco, Microsoft, Broadcom, Brother, Honeywell (CVE-2024-1309) og MikroTik. Som midlertidige foranstaltninger til at blokere s\u00e5rbarhederne anbefales det at aktivere spoofing-blokering (uRPF) p\u00e5 din firewall, begr\u00e6nse adgangen til un\u00f8dvendige UDP-tjenester og konfigurere trafikintensitetsbegr\u00e6nsning (rate-limit og QoS). <\/p>\n

S\u00e5rbarheder skyldes, at UDP-protokollen ikke er beskyttet mod adresse-spoofing \u2014 i frav\u00e6r af beskyttelse mod spoofing p\u00e5 transitroutere kan en angriber angive en vilk\u00e5rlig servers IP-adresse i en UDP-pakke og sende denne pakke til en anden server, som returnerer et svar til den angivne falske adresse. Angrebsmetoden g\u00e5r ud p\u00e5 at skabe en situation med en station\u00e6r pakkeudveksling mellem servere, der bruger s\u00e5rbare implementeringer af protokollen. For eksempel kan den m\u00e5lsatte server, som svar p\u00e5 den modtagne pakke, sende et svar med en fejlkode, og serveren, hvis adresse angriberen har angivet, vil returnere sit svar, som igen vil f\u00f8re til en pakke med fejlkoden. S\u00e5ledes servere<\/a> vil de uendeligt begynde at spille hinanden p\u00e5 pakker i \"ping-pong.\"

\"Angreb<\/center> <\/p>\n

Det er bem\u00e6rkelsesv\u00e6rdigt, at denne type angreb ikke er ny, og den serveren<\/a> Tidsynkronisering via ntpd, en angrebsmetode, blev elimineret allerede i 2009 (CVE-2009-3563) i versionerne 4.2.4p8 og 4.2.5. Angrebet bestod i at sende en NTP-pakke med en spoofed adresse og sat flaget MODE_PRIVATE, hvorefter den m\u00e5lrettede server tilbagekaldte et svar om, at privat tilstand ikke kunne anvendes, mens flaget MODE_PRIVATE i svaret forblev sat. Derudover kunne en anden server heller ikke behandle dette flag og sendte sit svar tilbage, hvilket f\u00f8rte til en udsving af pakker mellem to NTP-servere. For DNS-protokollen blev der offentliggjort en advarsel om muligheden for at foretage et s\u00e5dant angreb allerede i 1996. <\/p>\n

Global scanning af adresser p\u00e5 internettet har vist, at der i \u00f8jeblikket er mindst 23.000 s\u00e5rbare TFTP-servere, 63.000 DNS-servere, 89.000 NTP-servere, 56.000 Echo\/RFC862-tjenester, 22.000 Chargen\/RFC864-tjenester og 21.000 QOTD\/RFC865-tjenester til stede p\u00e5 nettet. Det antages, at for NTP-servere skyldes tilstedev\u00e6relsen af uoprettede s\u00e5rbarheder brugen af meget gamle versioner af ntpd, udgivet f\u00f8r 2010. Echo-, Chargen- og QOTD-tjenester er fra naturens side s\u00e5rbare p\u00e5 grund af deres arkitektur. Situationen med TFTP- og DNS-servere kr\u00e6ver en afklaring med deres administratorer. Serverne atftpd og tftpd er ikke p\u00e5virket af problemet, da de bruger et tilf\u00e6ldigt nummer for den oprindelige netv\u00e6rksport ved afsendelse af svar. Blandt de s\u00e5rbare DNS-servere n\u00e6vnes dproxy-nexgen. I Microsofts produkter manifesterer problemet sig i WDS (Windows Deployment Services), og i Cisco's produkter er problemet til stede i routerne fra serierne 2800 og 2970.
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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