{"id":120442,"date":"2024-11-01T01:09:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T23:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/inicziativa-po-otmene-opredeleniya-otkrytoj-ai-sistemy-kak-obesczenivayushhego-ponyatie-open-source"},"modified":"2024-11-01T01:09:22","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T23:09:22","slug":"inicziativa-po-otmene-opredeleniya-otkrytoj-ai-sistemy-kak-obesczenivayushhego-ponyatie-open-source","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/inicziativa-po-otmene-opredeleniya-otkrytoj-ai-sistemy-kak-obesczenivayushhego-ponyatie-open-source","title":{"rendered":"Initiativet om at afskaffe definitionen af \u00e5bne AI-systemer, som undervurderer begrebet Open Source","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bradley Kuhn, direkt\u00f8r og en af grundl\u00e6ggerne af organisationen Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC), har kritiseret den for nylig offentliggjorte definition af \u00e5bne AI-systemer (Open Source AI) af OSI (Open Source Initiative). If\u00f8lge Kuhn har OSI hastet med offentligg\u00f8relsen af den endelige version af definitionen og godkendt den uden en grundig indg\u00e5ende diskussion og i en tidlig fase af udviklingen af s\u00e5danne systemer. Til sammenligning blev definitionen af Open Source givet efter mange \u00e5rs overvejelser og diskussioner. Hvad ang\u00e5r den offentliggjorte definition af \u00e5bne AI-systemer, burde den p\u00e5 dette stadium kaldes en anbefaling snarere end en definition. <\/p>\n

Kuhn frygter, at de nuv\u00e6rende kriterier for \u00e5bne AI vil f\u00e5 vidtr\u00e6kkende konsekvenser, underminere autoriteten af termen Open Source og f\u00f8re til splittelse i f\u00e6llesskabet. Problemet er, at p\u00e5 trods af indvendingerne, har OSI indg\u00e5et et kompromis og ikke inkluderet kravet om at offentligg\u00f8re dataene, der blev brugt til at tr\u00e6ne modellen. \u00c5rsagen til kompromisset er, at hvis et s\u00e5dant punkt blev tilf\u00f8jet, ville ingen eksisterende store sprogmodeller f\u00e5 status som \u00e5bne. <\/p>\n

If\u00f8lge OSI vil definitionen af et \u00e5bent AI-system, der tager h\u00f8jde for de nuv\u00e6rende realiteter, forhindre producenterne i at manipulere med termen '\u00e5ben', da de under usikre forhold kun kalder modeller for \u00e5bne baseret p\u00e5 tilg\u00e6ngeligheden af weights, selvom licensen p\u00e5 modellen begr\u00e6nser brugsomr\u00e5det (f.eks. forbyder mange modeller anvendelse i kommercielle projekter) og detaljer vedr\u00f8rende implementeringen ikke afsl\u00f8res. <\/p>\n

I den godkendte OSI-definition af \u00e5bne AI-systemer kr\u00e6ves det kun at give detaljerede oplysninger om de data, der er brugt til tr\u00e6ning, men ikke selve dataene. Uden at offentligg\u00f8re de oprindelige data, som modellen er tr\u00e6net p\u00e5, er det umuligt fuldst\u00e6ndigt at reproducere AI-systemet, hvilket strider mod konceptet for \u00e5bne kilder. S\u00e5ledes har OSI kun set p\u00e5 AI-modellen som en teknologi og ikke som et helt produkt. <\/p>\n

Det faktisk accepterede definition af et \u00e5bent AI-system garanterer kun to ud af fire angivne friheder i Open Source \u2014 muligheden for at bruge og muligheden for at distribuere, samtidig med at muligheden for at \u00e6ndre og studere ikke er helt sikret. Derudover g\u00f8r manglen p\u00e5 kildeinformation det sv\u00e6rt at identificere indspr\u00f8jtninger af backdoors i maskinl\u00e6ringsmodeller. <\/p>\n

P\u00e5 den anden side er offentligg\u00f8relsen af kildedata i mange tilf\u00e6lde umulig p\u00e5 grund af \u00e5rsager, der ikke afh\u00e6nger af udvikleren af AI-modellen, s\u00e5som n\u00f8dvendigheden af at bevare fortrolighed, brug af ophavsretligt beskyttede materialer, licensiering af data fra tredjepartsudbydere osv. If\u00f8lge kritikere af den accepterede definition er s\u00e5danne problemer ikke en begrundelse for at undervurdere og devaluere begrebet Open Source. <\/p>\n

Bradley Kuhn har til hensigt at deltage i de n\u00e6ste valg til ledelsen af OSI og fors\u00f8ge at komme ind i bestyrelsen for at arbejde p\u00e5 at tilbagekalde den accepterede definition og \u00e6ndre den til anbefalinger. Udover organisationen Software Freedom Conservancy har nogle udviklere af Debian-projektet ogs\u00e5 givet udtryk for deres uenighed med definitionen af \u00e5bne AI og foresl\u00e5et en offentlig afstemning for at rette opm\u00e6rksomheden mod problemet. Foundation for Public Knowledge arbejder ogs\u00e5 p\u00e5 sin definition af et frit AI-system, som \u00f8nsker at indf\u00f8re et krav om tilg\u00e6ngelighed af alle data, men anerkender samtidig, at der er etiske grunde, der i nogle tilf\u00e6lde forhindrer indsigt i data (f.eks. hvis der er brugt medicinske eller personlige data i tr\u00e6ningen).
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Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0411\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438 \u041a\u0443\u043d (Bradley M. Kuhn), \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC), \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 OSI (Open Source Initiative) \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0439 AI-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b (Open Source AI). \u041f\u043e \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u041a\u0443\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f OSI \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Initiativet til at tilbagekalde definitionen af \u00e5bne AI-systemer, da det nedvurderer begrebet Open Source | ProHoster","description":"Bradley Kuhn (Bradley 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