Forskere fra virksomheden ARMO har demonstreret muligheden for at skabe rootkits, der ikke bruger specifikke systemopkald til udf\u00f8relse af typiske operationer s\u00e5som l\u00e6sning\/skrivning af filer og modtagelse af kommandoer fra en ekstern server. I stedet for systemopkald til at udf\u00f8re netv\u00e6rks- og filoperationer foresl\u00e5s det at bruge gr\u00e6nsefladen for asynkron I\/O io_uring, som er underst\u00f8ttet siden Linux-kernen 5.1. <\/p>\n
Metodens essens er, at man i stedet for separate systemopkald til adgang til filer og udf\u00f8relse af netv\u00e6rksoperationer (read\/write, recv\/send\/connect\/bind\/listen) kan bruge de generelle systemopkald io_uring (io_uring_enter, io_uring_setup, io_uring_register osv.), som ikke analyseres af typiske v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer til at identificere ondsindet aktivitet. io_uring-gr\u00e6nsefladen underst\u00f8tter omkring 60 forskellige operationer. Der arbejdes p\u00e5 en mulighed, der g\u00f8r det muligt at starte nye processer via io_uring. <\/p>\n
For at demonstrere metodens funktion er der udarbejdet en prototype af rootkit'et Curing, der udf\u00f8rer handlinger som modtagelse af kommandoer fra en ekstern server<\/a> og og overf\u00f8rsel\/\u00e6ndring af filer. I demonstration blev der sendt en anmodning til TCP-port 8888 p\u00e5 en ekstern v\u00e6rt og sendt indholdet af filen \u00ab\/etc\/shadow\u00bb. Det antages, at efter en vellykket kompromittering af systemet og opn\u00e5else af root-rettigheder, installerer angriberen en rootkit for at sikre sin tilstedev\u00e6relse p\u00e5 det kompromitterede system. <\/p>\n I det gennemf\u00f8rte eksperiment blev aktiviteten af rootkit'et Curing ikke opdaget af overv\u00e5gningsv\u00e6rkt\u00f8jerne Falco og Tetragon, der anvendes til at identificere sikkerhedsrelaterede anomali p\u00e5 v\u00e6rter og i containere (der er underst\u00f8ttet integration med Kubernetes-baserede infrastrukturer). De n\u00e6vnte v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer bruger opfangning af systemopkald til at analysere s\u00e5danne begivenheder som processer, netv\u00e6rksaktivitet og filh\u00e5ndtering, men tager ikke h\u00f8jde for muligheden for at bruge io_uring-subsystemet til lignende operationer. St\u00f8rstedelen af de tilg\u00e6ngelige kommercielle sikkerhedsoverv\u00e5gnings- og respons systemer til Linux er ogs\u00e5 baseret p\u00e5 opfangning af systemopkald. <\/p>\n For preventing the circumvention of network and file activity tracking tools, it is recommended to use the KRSI (Kernel Runtime Security Instrumentation) mechanism instead of intercepting system calls. This mechanism, which was introduced in Linux kernel 5.7, allows attaching BPF programs to any LSM hooks. For example, KRSI at the LSM hook level enables tracking file operations, network access, and process launches, regardless of whether these operations were initiated through specific system calls or via io_uring. <\/p>\n Previously, the io_uring subsystem faced criticism due to regularly emerging serious vulnerabilities. In response to user requests for a simple tool to disable io_uring without recompiling the kernel, Linux kernel 6.6 added the sysctl io_uring_disabled. Google has disabled io_uring by default in ChromeOS, Android, and on its servere<\/a>, explaining that the dire security situation in io_uring outweighs the benefits of using io_uring to enhance performance. \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 ARMO \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\/\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\/\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 io_uring, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.1. \u0421\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Prototype rootkit for Linux using io_uring to bypass system call analyzers | ProHoster","description":"Researchers from ARMO demonstrated the possibility of creating rootkits that do not use specific system calls for performing typical operations, such as reading\/writing files and receiving commands from external 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Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"