{"id":124015,"date":"2025-05-04T09:05:07","date_gmt":"2025-05-04T07:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/razrabotchiki-yadra-linux-na-puti-k-udaleniyu-podderzhki-proczessorov-i486"},"modified":"2025-05-04T09:05:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T07:05:07","slug":"razrabotchiki-yadra-linux-na-puti-k-udaleniyu-podderzhki-proczessorov-i486","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-yadra-linux-na-puti-k-udaleniyu-podderzhki-proczessorov-i486","title":{"rendered":"Linux-kerneudviklere p\u00e5 vej mod at fjerne underst\u00f8ttelsen af i486-processorer","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ingo Molnar, vedligeholder af x86-arkitekturen, l\u00e5semekanismen og procesplanl\u00e6ggeren i Linux-kernen, har pr\u00e6senteret et s\u00e6t patches til diskussion, der fjerner st\u00f8tte til 486-processorer (M486, M486SX, AMD ELAN) og de tidlige 586-serieprocessorer fra kernen. Kernen foresl\u00e5r at bevare muligheden for at arbejde med x86-processorer, der underst\u00f8tter instruktionen CX8 (CMPXCHG8B) og TSC (Time Stamp Counter) registeret, som blev introduceret med Pentium CPU'er. <\/p>\n

Det bem\u00e6rkes, at for at st\u00f8tte 486 CPU'er i kernen er det n\u00f8dvendigt at holde kode, der emulerer CX8-operationer (sammenlign og udveksl 8 byte) og TSC (CPU-cyklus t\u00e6ller, der bruges i procesplanl\u00e6ggeren). S\u00e5dan kode komplicerer kernen, besv\u00e6rligg\u00f8r vedligeholdelsen og kan til tider blive en kilde til problemer, hvis l\u00f8sning optager udviklernes tid. Afbrydelse af underst\u00f8ttelse af 486 vil g\u00f8re det muligt at fjerne 14104 linjer kode fra kernen, hvilket vil forenkle nogle funktioner i kernen ved at udelukke lag, der emulerer CX8 og TSC, og vil ogs\u00e5 fjerne math-emu biblioteket, der emulerer FPU. <\/p>\n

Dagen f\u00f8r offentligg\u00f8relsen af patches rejste Linus Torvalds sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5let om hensigtsm\u00e6ssigheden af at fjerne underst\u00f8ttelsen af 486 under diskussionen af et andet problem, der opstod ved emuleringen af CX8. Linus mener, at det er tid til at opgive underst\u00f8ttelsen af 486 CPU'er og ser ingen grund til at forts\u00e6tte med at bruge udviklernes tid p\u00e5 at l\u00f8se de problemer, de for\u00e5rsager. Underst\u00f8ttelsen af 386-processorer blev fjernet fra kernen i 2012. Deltagerne i diskussionen mener, at tiden nu er inde til at fjerne underst\u00f8ttelsen af 486 CPU'er. I oktober 2022 havde Linus allerede fremlagt et lignende forslag, men det fik ikke opm\u00e6rksomhed. <\/p>\n

I de systemer, der stadig er i brug, anvendes aktuelle Linux-kernversioner stort set ikke til 486. Specialiserede varianter af 486-processorer til indlejrede systemer som Intel Quark underst\u00f8tter CX8 og TSC og vil ikke blive ber\u00f8rt af \u00e6ndringerne. Gamle originale 486 CPU'er anvendes generelt stadig sammen med for\u00e6ldede distributioner, der leverer gamle versioner af Linux-kernen. Moderne Linux-distributioner har l\u00e6nge standset underst\u00f8ttelsen af 32-bits x86-systemer eller er overg\u00e5et til at bruge X86_PAE-indstillingen i opbygningen, hvilket kr\u00e6ver st\u00f8tte til CX8.
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u043d\u0433\u043e \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0440 (Ingo Molnar), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b x86, \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 486 (M486, M486SX, AMD ELAN) \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 586. \u0412 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 x86, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e CX8 (CMPXCHG8B) \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440 TSC (Time Stamp Counter), […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Linux-kernens udviklere p\u00e5 vej mod at fjerne underst\u00f8ttelse af i486-processorer | ProHoster","description":"Ingo Molnar, vedligeholder af x86-arkitekturen, l\u00e5semekanismer og opgavestyren i Linux-kernen, har stillet et s\u00e6t patches til diskussion, der fjerner underst\u00f8ttelsen af 486-processorer (M486, M486SX, AMD ELAN) fra 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