{"id":150734,"date":"2025-12-05T23:12:01","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T21:12:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-1-6"},"modified":"2025-12-05T23:12:01","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T21:12:01","slug":"vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-1-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-1-6","title":{"rendered":"Udgivelse af nftables-pakke 1.1.6","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Udgivelsen af nftables-pakken 1.1.6 er offentliggjort, hvilket standardiserer pakke filtreringsgr\u00e6nseflader for IPv4, IPv6, ARP og netv\u00e6rksbroer (m\u00e5lrettet som en erstatning for iptables, ip6tables, arptables og ebtables). Samtidig blev den tilknyttede biblioteksudgave libnftnl 1.3.1 offentliggjort, som tilbyder et lavt niveau API til interaktion med nf_tables subsystemet.           <\/p>\n<p>Nftables-pakken inkluderer komponenter af pakke filtreringssystemet, der k\u00f8rer i brugeromr\u00e5det, mens nf_tables subsystemet i kernen h\u00e5ndterer operationer i Linux kernen fra version 3.13. I kernen tilbydes kun et generelt interface, der ikke er afh\u00e6ngigt af en specifik protokol og giver grundl\u00e6ggende funktioner til at hente data fra pakker, udf\u00f8re dataoperationer og styre str\u00f8mmen.    <\/p>\n<p>Reglerne for filtrering og protokolspecifikke behandlere kompileres til bytekode i brugeromr\u00e5det, hvorefter denne bytekode indl\u00e6ses i kernen ved hj\u00e6lp af Netlink-interfacet og udf\u00f8res i kernen i en s\u00e6rlig <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtuelle maskiner\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4362\">virtuelle maskiner<\/a>, der minder om BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters). Denne tilgang muligg\u00f8r en betydelig reduktion i st\u00f8rrelsen af den filtrering, der k\u00f8rer i kernen, og flytter alle funktioner til parsing af regler og logik til h\u00e5ndtering af protokoller til brugeromr\u00e5det.    <\/p>\n<p>Vigtige \u00e6ndringer:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er fuld st\u00f8tte til letv\u00e6gts tunnelmodeller som vxlan, geneve og erspan:           table netdev global {                tunnel t1 {                        id 10                        ip saddr 192.168.2.10                        ip daddr 192.168.2.11                        sport 1025                        dport 20020                        ttl 1                        erspan {                                version 1                                index 2                        }                }                   tunnel t2 {                        id 10                        ip saddr 192.168.3.10                        ip daddr 192.168.3.11                        sport 1025                        dport 21021                        ttl 1                        erspan {                                version 1                                index 2                        }                }                     chain in {                        type filter hook ingress device veth0 priority 0;                              tunnel name ip saddr map { 10.141.10.12 : &#171;t1&#187;,   10.141.10.13 : &#171;t2&#187; } fwd to erspan1                }         }    Inden reglerne indl\u00e6ses, skal netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nsefladen erspan1 oprettes:     ip link add dev erspan1 type erspan external\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f8tte til masker i navne p\u00e5 netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader er blevet tilf\u00f8jet i netdev-behandlere, for eksempel for at tilf\u00f8je en grundl\u00e6ggende k\u00e6de til filtreringen af indg\u00e5ende trafik for alle vlan-enheder kan du angive:           table netdev t {                chain c {                        type filter hook ingress devices = { &#171;vlan*&#187;, &#171;veth0&#187; }   priority filter; policy accept;                }         }\n<li class=\"l\"> On systems with Linux kernel 6.18+, support for L2 frame transmission in bridge network interfaces for local processing has been implemented. For example, to direct all Ethernet frames for the MAC address de:ad:00:00:be:ef to the IP stack, you can specify:        table bridge global {              chain pre {                      type filter hook prerouting priority 0; policy accept;                      ether daddr de:ad:00:00:be:ef meta pkttype set host ether   daddr set meta ibrhwaddr accept              }      }\n<li class=\"l\"> En ny infrastruktur til fuzzing-tests med brug af afl++ (american fuzzy lop++) v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer er blevet tilf\u00f8jet, aktiveres under byggefasen via &#171;.&#x2E;\/configure &#8212;with-fuzzer&#187;.            <\/ul>\n<p>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64386\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 1.1.6, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 iptables, ip6table, arptables \u0438 ebtables). \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 libnftnl 1.3.1, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 API \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 nf_tables. \u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 nftables \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 1.1.6, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, 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