{"id":30053,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","slug":"optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","title":{"rendered":"Optimering af apache2-ydeevne","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mange bruger apache2 som webserver. Men f\u00e5 t\u00e6nker p\u00e5 at optimere dens ydeevne, hvilket direkte p\u00e5virker l\u00e6sehastigheden p\u00e5 webstedernes sider, hastigheden af scriptbehandling (is\u00e6r PHP) samt \u00f8ger belastningen p\u00e5 CPU'en og m\u00e6ngden af RAM, der bliver anvendt. <\/p>\n<p>Dermed skal denne manual hj\u00e6lpe begyndere (og ikke kun) brugere.<br \/>\nAlle nedenst\u00e5ende eksempler blev brugt p\u00e5 Raspberry PI 3, Debian 9, Apache 2.4.38, PHP 7.3.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nLad os komme i gang.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Deaktivering af ubrugte moduler<\/h3>\n<p>\nDen f\u00f8rste metode er blot at deaktivere de moduler, du ikke bruger:<\/p>\n<p>Listen over aktuelt anvendte moduler kan ses med kommandoen:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apache2ctl -M<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFor at deaktivere et modul bruges kommandoen:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod *modulnavn*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nTilsvarende bruges kommandoen til at aktivere et modul:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2enmod *modulnavn*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nBem\u00e6rk, at n\u00e5r du bruger <i>a2dismod<\/i>, skal modulnavnet skrives uden ordet modul.<\/p>\n<p>For eksempel, hvis du i outputtet af kommandoen <i>apache2ctl -M<\/i> ser <i>proxy_module<\/i>, s\u00e5 kr\u00e6ves det, at du bruger kommandoen \u2014 <i>a2dismod proxy<\/i><\/p>\n<p>De mest systembelastende moduler (efter personlig erfaring) er:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PHP, Ruby, Perl og andre moduler for forskellige scriptsprog<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2258\">SSL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rewrite<\/li>\n<li>CGI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nS\u00e5 i de tilf\u00e6lde, hvor du ikke beh\u00f8ver disse moduler, anbefaler jeg at deaktivere dem.<\/p>\n<p>Derudover, efter at have deaktiveret et modul, anbefaler jeg at bruge kommandoen \u2014 <i>apache2ctl configtest<\/i>, som tjekker konfigurationen af de anvendte websteder, og hvis noget af de deaktiverede moduler var n\u00f8dvendige for dem, vil den give en fejl.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Skift MPM (Multi-Processing Module) og brug php-fpm<\/h3>\n<p>\nSom standard, efter installation, bruger apache2 MPM Prefork (1 tr\u00e5d pr. forbindelse), hvilket m\u00e6rkbart s\u00e6nker ydeevnen, men forbedrer stabilitet og sikkerhed.<\/p>\n<p>Men for at optimere ydeevnen anbefaler jeg at bruge MPM Worker, som tillader flere tr\u00e5de pr. forbindelse.<\/p>\n<p>For at aktivere det, bruger vi f\u00f8lgende kommandoer:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod mpm_prefork  \/\/ Deaktiverer prefork\na2dismod php7.3  \/\/ Deaktiverer php-modulet, der er afh\u00e6ngigt af prefork\na2enmod mpm_worker  \/\/ Aktiverer worker\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nMen ved brug af Worker kan du st\u00f8de p\u00e5 et problem, da modulet php7.3 er afh\u00e6ngigt af modulet Prefork.<\/p>\n<p>For at l\u00f8se dette problem vil vi installere modulet php7.3-fpm, som vil blive anvendt til behandling af php-scripts:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install php7.3-fpm  \/\/ Installerer\nsystemctl enable php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; systemctl start php7.3-fpm  \/\/ Tilf\u00f8jer til autostart og starter\n a2enmod php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; a2enconf php7.3-fpm.conf  \/\/ Aktiverer modulet og dens konfiguration\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nDet er v\u00e6rd at bem\u00e6rke, at brugen af php-fpm ogs\u00e5 vil reducere m\u00e6ngden af anvendt RAM af apache2-processen og lidt \u00f8ge hastigheden p\u00e5 behandlingen af php-scripts.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Konklusion<\/h3>\n<p>\nDermed har vi med disse simple trin v\u00e6ret i stand til at optimere ydelsen og reducere belastningen p\u00e5 maskinen (i dette tilf\u00e6lde RPI3).<\/p>\n<p>Selvf\u00f8lgelig er der hundrede andre optimeringsmuligheder, s\u00e5som at aktivere komprimering (som virkelig er nyttig, men for det meste allerede er aktiveret som standard), \u00e6ndring af parametre (konfigurationsfiler) for MPM, deaktivering af HostnameLookups osv., men i denne artikel har jeg fors\u00f8gt at fremh\u00e6ve de punkter, der har hjulpet mig mest, og jeg h\u00e5ber, at de kan hj\u00e6lpe andre.<br \/>\n<br \/>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/444732\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 php), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0426\u041f \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0417\u0423. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c (\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e) \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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