{"id":34324,"date":"2019-10-31T21:57:38","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/namechena-bolshaya-chistka-standartnoj-biblioteki-python\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:57:38","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:57:38","slug":"namechena-bolshaya-chistka-standartnoj-biblioteki-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/namechena-bolshaya-chistka-standartnoj-biblioteki-python","title":{"rendered":"Der er planlagt en stor oprydning af Python's standardbibliotek","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Udviklerne af Python-projektet har offentliggjort<\/a><\/noindex> har fremsat et forslag (PEP 594) om at foretage en betydelig oprydning af standardbiblioteket. Det foresl\u00e5s at fjerne b\u00e5de \u00e5benlyst for\u00e6ldede og specialiserede funktioner fra Python's standardbibliotek samt komponenter med arkitekturproblemer, som ikke kan standardiseres p\u00e5 tv\u00e6rs af alle platforme. <\/p>\n

For eksempel foresl\u00e5s det at udelukke moduler som crypt (utilg\u00e6ngeligt for Windows og afh\u00e6ngighed af tilg\u00e6ngelighed af hash-algoritmer fra systembiblioteker), cgi (suboptimal arkitektur, kr\u00e6ver opstart af en ny proces for hver anmodning), imp (anbefalet at bruge importlib), pipes (anbefalet at bruge subprocess-modulet), nis (anbefalet at bruge NSS, LDAP eller Kerberos\/GSSAPI), spwd (det anbefales ikke at arbejde direkte med konto-databaser). Ogs\u00e5 modulerne binhex, uu, xdrlib,
\n aifc,
\n audioop,
\n chunk,
\n imghdr,
\n ossaudiodev,
\n sndhdr,
\n sunau,
\n asynchat,
\n asyncore,
\n cgitb,
\n smtpd,
\n nntplib, macpath,
\n formatter, msilib og parser.<\/p>\n

I henhold til den foresl\u00e5ede plan er det meningen, at de ovenn\u00e6vnte moduler i Python 3.8 skal markeres som for\u00e6ldede, i Python 3.8 begynde at vise advarsler, og i Python 3.10 fjerne dem fra CPython-repositorierne.
\n Modulet parser planl\u00e6gges at blive fjernet i version 3.9, da det allerede blev markeret som for\u00e6ldet i Python 2.5, og modulet macpath i version 3.8. Efter fjernelse fra den prim\u00e6re samling vil koden blive flyttet til et separat legacylib-repositorium, og dens fremtid vil afh\u00e6nge af interessen fra f\u00e6llesskabets medlemmer. Det forventes, at Python 3.9 vil blive underst\u00f8ttet indtil 2026, hvilket giver rigeligt tid til at migrere projekter til eksterne alternativer.<\/p>\n

Oprindeligt blev det ogs\u00e5 foresl\u00e5et at fjerne modulerne ftplib, optparse, getopt, colorsys, fileinput, lib2to3 og wave, men det blev besluttet midlertidigt at beholde dem i standardbiblioteket, da de er bredt anvendt og stadig relevante, p\u00e5 trods af tilg\u00e6ngeligheden af mere avancerede alternativer eller afh\u00e6ngigheder af specifikke operativsystemmuligheder.<\/p>\n

Vi minder om, at projektet Python i f\u00f8rste omgang anvender tilgangen 'batterier inkluderet', hvor den standardbibliotek tilbyder et omfattende s\u00e6t funktioner til forskellige anvendelsesomr\u00e5der. Blandt fordelene ved denne tilgang er forenkling af vedligeholdelsen af projekter i Python og overv\u00e5gningen af sikkerheden i de moduler, der anvendes i projekterne. S\u00e5rbarheder i moduler bliver ofte kilder til s\u00e5rbarheder i de applikationer, der bruger dem. Hvis funktionerne er en del af standardbiblioteket, er det tilstr\u00e6kkeligt at kontrollere tilstanden af det overordnede projekt. Ved opdeling af standardbiblioteket er udviklere n\u00f8dt til at bruge tredjepartsmekanismer, hvor s\u00e5rbarhederne i hver enkelt skal kontrolleres separat. Ved h\u00f8j grad af opdeling og et stort antal afh\u00e6ngigheder opst\u00e5r truslen om angreb gennem kompromittering af udviklingsinfrastruktur.<\/p>\n

P\u00e5 den anden side kr\u00e6ver hver ekstra modul i standardbiblioteket ressourcer fra Python-udviklerteamet til vedligeholdelse. Biblioteket har akkumuleret et stort antal duplikerede og un\u00f8dvendige funktioner, og ved at fjerne disse kan man reducere omkostningerne til vedligeholdelse. I takt med udviklingen af kataloget PyPI<\/a><\/noindex> og forenklingen af installations- og downloadprocessen for ekstra pakker, er det i dag liges\u00e5 almindeligt at anvende eksterne moduler som indbyggede funktioner. <\/p>\n

Flere og flere udviklere anvender mere funktionelle eksterne erstatninger for standardmodulerne, for eksempel bruger de lxml-modulet i stedet for xml. Fjernelse af forladte moduler fra standardbiblioteket vil \u00f8ge populariteten af de aktivt udviklede alternativer i f\u00e6llesskabet. Desuden vil en reduktion af standardbiblioteket f\u00f8re til en mindre grundpakke, hvilket er relevant ved brug af Python p\u00e5 indlejrede platforme med begr\u00e6nset lagerplads.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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