{"id":36654,"date":"2019-10-31T22:12:57","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:12:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/zakon-parkinsona-i-kak-ego-narushit\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:12:57","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:12:57","slug":"zakon-parkinsona-i-kak-ego-narushit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/zakon-parkinsona-i-kak-ego-narushit","title":{"rendered":"Parkinsons lov og hvordan man kan bryde det","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><i>\u00abArbejdet fylder den tid, der er afsat til det\u00bb.<br \/>\nParkinsons love<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nHvis du ikke er en britisk embedsmand fra 1958, skal du ikke f\u00f8lge denne lov. Intet arbejde skal optage al den tid, der er afsat til det.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b>Et par ord om loven<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82\">Cyril Northcote Parkinson<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 britisk historiker og str\u00e5lende satiriker. Med citatet, som s\u00e5 ofte alvorligt kaldes en lov, begynder <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/1955\/11\/19\/parkinsons-law\">essayet<\/a><\/noindex>, der blev offentliggjort den 19. november 1955 i tidsskriftet \u00abThe Economist\u00bb.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Essayet har ikke noget at g\u00f8re med projektledelse eller ledelse generelt. Det er en skarp satire, der h\u00e5ner den offentlige sektor, som i \u00e5rtier h\u00e6ver sine tal, men ikke bliver \u00e9t spor mere effektiv.<\/p>\n<p>Parkinson forklarer lovens eksistens med to faktorer:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Embedsm\u00e6nd \u00f8nsker at have med underordnede at g\u00f8re, ikke med konkurrenter<\/li>\n<li>Embedsm\u00e6nd skaber arbejde for hinanden <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nJeg anbefaler st\u00e6rkt at l\u00e6se selve essayet, men i korte tr\u00e6k ser det s\u00e5ledes ud:<\/p>\n<p><i>En embedsmand, der anser sig selv for overbelastet, ans\u00e6tter to underordnede til at udf\u00f8re sit arbejde. Han kan ikke dele det med allerede ansatte kolleger eller ans\u00e6tte en enkelt underordnet og dele det med dem - ingen \u00f8nsker konkurrenter. S\u00e5 sker det igen, hans medarbejdere ans\u00e6tter medarbejdere til sig selv. Og nu er der 7 personer, der udf\u00f8rer arbejdet for \u00e9n. Alle er meget optagede, men hverken hastigheden eller kvaliteten af arbejdet stiger.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>M\u00e5ske kender du pr\u00e6cis denne situation, men der er mange andre grunde til, at arbejdet fylder al tiden op til deadline og lidt mere.\u00a0<br \/>\nHvordan man kan undg\u00e5 dette:<\/p>\n<p><b>1. T\u00e6nk ikke for andre<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Forvent ikke, at nogen vil vise respekt, hvis du ikke viser det selv. \u00d8nsker du, at dit team skal tage deadlines og arbejdet alvorligt \u2013 s\u00e5 pr\u00f8v at opn\u00e5 et reelt engagement, ikke en tvungen accept.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>2. S\u00e6t ikke en deadline til \u00abi g\u00e5r\u00bb<\/b><\/p>\n<p>For det f\u00f8rste g\u00f8r det alle nerv\u00f8se, og du vil ikke arbejde blandt psykopater. For det andet er det umuligt at n\u00e5 \u00abi g\u00e5r\u00bb, hvilket betyder, at deadlines vil blive overskredet. De vil blive overskredet \u00e9n gang, to gange. Og hvad vil du g\u00f8re s\u00e5? Fyre alle? Sandsynligvis ikke. Og hvis der ikke sker noget bagefter, hvad s\u00e5? Hvorfor fors\u00f8ge at n\u00e5 deadlines, is\u00e6r tidligere? Manana.<\/p>\n<p><b>3. Fors\u00f8g ikke at opn\u00e5 100% udnyttelse<\/b><\/p>\n<p>For 100% loading (though it's not actually a reality), we've created machines, and a person needs to rest. They also need to develop and clean the dust off the keyboard. Why rush to complete a task early when a new one will come immediately? Then there will definitely be no time for anything.<\/p>\n<p><b>4. Don't pretend the world ends after the deadline.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Firstly, that's not true; refer to point 2. Secondly, no one wants to be reprimanded, so everyone plans for contingencies. The problem is that delays will still accumulate, but advancements won't. This is well explained by <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85%D1%83\">Eliyahu Goldratt<\/a><\/noindex> in the book <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozon.ru\/context\/detail\/id\/6258664\/\">The Goal 2.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><b>5. Don't try to fix everything.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Don't draw the mythical triangle of constraints and attempt to fit your project into it. If you want to get the Sagrada Familia, be prepared to wait a hundred years. If you need it by Thursday, show some flexibility.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>6. Don't encourage multitasking.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Firstly, it's not productive. Secondly, everyone solves their own optimization problem. Getting 2 new tasks instead of sticking to one ready task doesn\u2019t seem like a good idea.<\/p>\n<p><b>7. Don\u2019t delay the approval.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Seriously. It takes 2 days to work, and then another 2 weeks to wait for the manager\/client to review and provide feedback. Then we wonder why everyone is stretching until the deadline.<\/p>\n<p><b>8. Avoid the big bang.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Don't delay with a single large delivery; work incrementally. It's not a fact that the work will be completed faster, but at least you can use something without waiting for months.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\n<b>9. Don't inflate the team.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Unless you want to be like British officials \ud83d\ude42.<br \/>\n<br \/>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/461937\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0451\u00bb. \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u0430 1958 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443. \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b \u041d\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0442 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043d \u2013 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043a. \u0421 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u00a0 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0441\u0441\u0435, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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