{"id":39054,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:36","slug":"pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke","title":{"rendered":"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/f9bef79a08830d148713955665b987e6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>En af racks til intern virtualisering. Vi har arbejdet med farveindikering af kablerne: orange angiver ulige str\u00f8mindgang, gr\u00f8n angiver lige. <\/i><\/p>\n<p>Her taler vi oftest om 'st\u00f8rre udstyr' \u2013 chillere, n\u00f8dgeneratorer, el-tavler. I dag vil vi fokusere p\u00e5 'sm\u00e5ting' \u2013 stikkontakter i rackene, ogs\u00e5 kendt som Power Distribution Unit (PDU). I vores datacenter har vi over 4.000 racks fyldt med IT-udstyr, s\u00e5 i praksis har jeg set meget forskelligt: klassiske PDUs, 'smarte' med overv\u00e5gning og styring, samt almindelige stikd\u00e5ser. I dag vil jeg fort\u00e6lle, hvilke typer PDUs der findes, og hvad der er bedst at v\u00e6lge i en given situation. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Typer af PDUs<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>En simpel stikd\u00e5se.<\/b> Ja, den samme som du finder hjemme eller p\u00e5 kontoret. <br \/>\nFormelt set er dette ikke helt en PDU i betydningen industriel brug i racks med IT-udstyr, men disse enheder har ogs\u00e5 deres tilh\u00e6ngere. Den eneste fordel ved denne l\u00f8sning er billig pris (priserne starter fra 2.000 rubler). De kan ogs\u00e5 v\u00e6re nyttige, hvis du bruger \u00e5bne racks, hvor en standard PDU ikke kan installeres, og det er ikke \u00f8nskeligt at miste enheder til en horisontal PDU. Dette relaterer sig igen til sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5let om besparelse.<\/p>\n<p>Ulemperne er mange: s\u00e5danne enheder har ikke altid intern beskyttelse mod kortslutning og overbelastning, og det er umuligt at overv\u00e5ge data eller styre stikkene. Ofte vil de blive placeret nederst i rackene. Dette er ikke den mest bekvemme placering af stikkontakter til tilslutning af udstyr. <\/p>\n<p>Generelt kan 'piloter' anvendes, hvis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>du har tusindvis af servere og har brug for at spare penge, <\/li>\n<li>du kan tillade dig selv at tilslutte udstyr uden at forst\u00e5, hvad der reelt sker med det faktiske forbrug,<\/li>\n<li>du er forberedt p\u00e5 nedetid af udstyr. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVi bruger ikke s\u00e5dan noget, men vi har kunder, der praktiserer dette med succes. Dog opbygger de deres infrastruktur p\u00e5 en m\u00e5de, s\u00e5 fejl p\u00e5 titalls servere ikke p\u00e5virker funktionaliteten af den kundevendte applikation. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/a065f555adffbdbfc9cf29fcdf4e628c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Billigt og simpelt.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/b0de3676bf2ec00134dfe95a276cb6b4.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Vertikal placering.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>\u201cDumme\u201d PDUs.<\/b> Dette er en klassisk PDU til brug i racks med IT-udstyr, hvilket allerede er positivt. De har den rette formfaktor til placering i siderne af rackene, hvilket g\u00f8r det nemt at tilslutte udstyret. Der er intern beskyttelse. Disse PDU'er har ingen overv\u00e5gning, s\u00e5 vi vil ikke vide, hvad udstyret bruger, og hvad der overhovedet sker indeni. Vi har n\u00e6sten ingen af disse PDU'er tilbage, og generelt er de gradvist ved at forsvinde fra massebrug.<\/p>\n<p>Disse PDU'er koster fra 25.000 rubler.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/fb16a6c0008306f4c6818a8a5a3675be.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>\u201cSmarte\u201d PDU'er med overv\u00e5gning.<\/b> Disse enheder har 'hjerner', og de kan overv\u00e5ge str\u00f8mforbrug. Der er en sk\u00e6rm, hvor de vigtigste indikatorer vises: sp\u00e6nding, str\u00f8mstyrke og effekt. De kan overv\u00e5ge dem efter individuelle grupper af stikkontakter: sektioner eller banker. Man kan tilslutte sig en s\u00e5dan PDU fjernbetjent og konfigurere dataoverf\u00f8rsel til overv\u00e5gningssystemet. De registrerer logs, hvor man kan se, hvad der er sket med dem, for eksempel hvorn\u00e5r PDU'en blev slukket.<\/p>\n<p>Desuden kan de beregne forbrug (kWh) til teknisk regnskab for at forst\u00e5, hvor meget rack'en bruger over en given tid. <\/p>\n<p>Dette er standard PDU'er, som vi tilbyder vores kunder til leje, og disse PDU'er udg\u00f8r flertallet i vores datacentre.<\/p>\n<p>Hvis du vil k\u00f8be, skal du forberede dig p\u00e5 at spendere mindst 75.000 rubler per styk.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1525246e5893f9ff3c2b52621adbd467.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/830cec7968a7e6f331d4b2841c276e9d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5afaacf9bf9a4adb72eae7ec6889c072.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Graf fra vores interne PDU-overv\u00e5gning.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>\u201cSmarte\u201d PDU'er med kontrol.<\/b> Udover ovenst\u00e5ende evner tilf\u00f8jes kontrol til disse PDU'er. De bedste PDU'er styres og overv\u00e5ger hver stikkontakt: man kan t\u00e6nde\/slukke, hvilket er n\u00f8dvendigt i situationer, hvor man skal genstarte serveren via str\u00f8mmen. Det er b\u00e5de en fordel og en risiko ved disse PDU'er: en almindelig bruger kan uforvarende komme ind i webgr\u00e6nsefladen, trykke p\u00e5 et eller andet og pludselig genstarte\/slukke hele systemet. Ja, systemet advarer to gange om konsekvenserne, men erfaring viser, at selv alarmer ikke altid beskytter mod uovervejede handlinger fra brugeren. <\/p>\n<p>Et stort problem med \u201csmarte\u201d PDU'er er overophedning og fejlfunktion af controlleren og sk\u00e6rmen. PDU'er installeres normalt p\u00e5 bagsiden af racken, hvor den varme luft bl\u00e6ses ud. Det er varmt, og controllerne kan ikke holde til det. PDU'en beh\u00f8ver dog ikke at blive udskiftet helt; controlleren kan skiftes uden at slukke for str\u00f8mmen. <\/p>\n<p>Og prisen er helt bidende \u2013 fra 120.000 rubler.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e60a0801cc84efecbce8a462648dd122.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>PDU med styring kan findes ud fra indikationen under hver stikkontakt.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Efter min mening er styringsfunktionen i PDU en smagssag, men overv\u00e5gning er et must have. Ellers kan man ikke spore forbrug og belastning. Hvorfor det er vigtigt, vil jeg forklare lidt senere. <\/p>\n<h3>Hvordan beregner man den n\u00f8dvendige PDU-effekt?<\/h3>\n<p>\nVed f\u00f8rste \u00f8jekast virker det ret simpelt: effekten af PDU v\u00e6lges i forhold til effekten af rack'en, men der er nuancer. Antag at du har brug for et rack p\u00e5 10 kW. Producenterne af PDU'er tilbyder modeller p\u00e5 3, 7, 11, 22 kW. Du v\u00e6lger 11 kW, og desv\u00e6rre vil du tage fejl. Vi skal v\u00e6lge 22 kW. Hvorfor har vi s\u00e5 stort et overskud? Jeg forklarer det nu.<\/p>\n<p>For det f\u00f8rste angiver producenterne ofte effekten af PDU i kilowatt og ikke i kilovolt-ampere, hvilket er mere korrekt, men ikke indlysende for den gennemsnitlige forbruger.<br \/>\nNogle gange skaber producenterne selv yderligere forvirring:<\/p>\n<p>Her n\u00e6vnes f\u00f8rst 11 kW,<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/d9f76cadc92a2586358c6a011fc53db2.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nOg i den detaljerede beskrivelse er der allerede tale om 11000 VA:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/8c314e7b707d62d7b757787e0f66459f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nHvis du besk\u00e6ftiger dig med kedler og lignende forbrugere, vil der ikke v\u00e6re nogen forskel mellem kW og kVA. Et rack p\u00e5 10 kW med kedler vil bruge 10 kVA. Men hvis vi har IT-udstyr, s\u00e5 opst\u00e5r der en faktor (cos \u03c6): jo nyere udstyret er, desto t\u00e6ttere er denne faktor p\u00e5 en. I gennemsnit kan man tage 0,93\u20130,95. S\u00e5ledes vil et rack med 10 kW med IT forbrug v\u00e6re 10,7 kVA. Her er formlen for, hvordan vi fik 10,7 kVA.<\/p>\n<p><i>Pp\u0142n = Pact \/ Cos(\u03c6)<br \/>\n10 \/ 0.93 = 10.7 kVA<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Og s\u00e5 vil du stille et rimeligt sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l, 10,7 \u2013 det er jo mindre end 11. Hvorfor har vi brug for PDU p\u00e5 22 kW? Der er et andet aspekt: niveauet for elforbruget af udstyret vil \u00e6ndre sig afh\u00e6ngigt af tidspunktet p\u00e5 dagen, ugedagen. Ved fordeling af str\u00f8mmen skal man tage h\u00f8jde for dette og l\u00e6gge ca. 10% til for udsving og hop, s\u00e5 PDU ikke g\u00e5r i overbelastning og efterlader udstyret uden str\u00f8m i perioder med \u00f8get forbrug.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e45b43aeb146aaabfd5915e35a959731.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Forbrugsdiagram for 10 kW racket over 4 dage.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Det viser sig, at vi til de eksisterende 10,7 kW skal l\u00e6gge yderligere 10%, og derfor passer PDU til 11 kW os ikke l\u00e6ngere.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td>PDU-model\n<\/td>\n<td>Faseantal\n<\/td>\n<td>Producentens effekt, kVA\n<\/td>\n<td>Effekten af DtLN, kW\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8858_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-20%C2%A0a-208%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-16%C2%A0a-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%2818%29-c13-%D0%B8-%282%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8858<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>1 f\n<\/td>\n<td>3,7\n<\/td>\n<td>3\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8853_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-32%C2%A0a%2C-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%2836%29-c13-%D0%B8-%286%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8853<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>1 f\n<\/td>\n<td>7,4\n<\/td>\n<td>6\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8881_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-11%C2%A0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%82%2C-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%2836%29-c13-%D0%B8-%286%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8881<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>3 f\n<\/td>\n<td>11\n<\/td>\n<td>9\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8886_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-22%2C0%C2%A0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%82-%2832%C2%A0%D0%B0%29%2C-17%2C3%C2%A0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%82-%2824%C2%A0%D0%B0%29%2C-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%3A-%2830%29-c13-%D0%B8-%2812%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8886<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>3 f\n<\/td>\n<td>22\n<\/td>\n<td>18\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>\n<i>Uddrag af effektdata fra specifikke PDU-modeller if\u00f8lge DataLine. Med hensyn til omregning fra kV til kW og overskud til udsving i l\u00f8bet af dagen.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Installationsfunktioner<\/h3>\n<p>\nDet er nemmest at arbejde med PDU, n\u00e5r den er monteret lodret, til venstre og h\u00f8jre for racken. P\u00e5 denne m\u00e5de optager den ikke nyttig plads. Som standard kan der installeres op til fire PDU'er i racken - to til venstre og to til h\u00f8jre. Ofte installerer man en PDU p\u00e5 hver side. Hver PDU tilsluttes med \u00e9n str\u00f8mforsyning. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e180fb9d97ebecdb9abdeaf3cd4e3f36.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Standard \"udstyr\" for rack er 2 PDU'er og 1 UPS.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Nogle gange er der ikke plads i racken til lodrette PDU'er, for eksempel hvis det er et \u00e5bent rack. Her kommer de horisontale PDU'er til unds\u00e6tning. Det eneste er, at man i dette tilf\u00e6lde m\u00e5 acceptere et tab p\u00e5 mellem 2 og 4 enheder i racken afh\u00e6ngigt af PDU-modellen. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5078ae5ea5c3d66b58648b9ba7ed0ee6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Her har PDU'en optaget 4 enheder. Denne type PDU bruges ogs\u00e5, n\u00e5r det er n\u00f8dvendigt at adskille to kunder i \u00e9t rack. I dette tilf\u00e6lde f\u00e5r hver kunde et separat par PDU'er.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Nogle gange v\u00e6lges en rack, der ikke er dyb nok, s\u00e5 serveren stikker ud og d\u00e6kker PDU'en. Det mest beklagelige her er ikke, at nogle af stikkene vil st\u00e5 ubesatte, men at hvis en s\u00e5dan PDU g\u00e5r i stykker, s\u00e5 m\u00e5 man begrave den lige i racken, eller afbryde og tr\u00e6kke alt det forstyrrende udstyr ud. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5883f751e1fcbfae7e6f6991b7fc1272.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>G\u00f8r ikke s\u00e5dan - 1.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU og alt andet: energifordeling i reolen\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2cebf71685e3bd9be3a8805bc482047a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>G\u00f8r ikke s\u00e5dan - 2.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Tilslutning af udstyr<\/h3>\n<p>\nSelv den mest avancerede PDU vil ikke hj\u00e6lpe, hvis udstyret er tilsluttet forkert, og der ikke er mulighed for at overv\u00e5ge forbruget. <\/p>\n<p>Hvad kan g\u00e5 galt? Nok lidt. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/310356\/\">teknisk viden<\/a><\/noindex>. Der kommer to str\u00f8mforsyninger til hvert rack, i et standardrack to PDU'er. Det betyder, at hver PDU har sin egen str\u00f8mforsyning. Hvis der sker noget med en af str\u00f8mforsyningerne (l\u00e6s: PDU'en), s\u00e5 forts\u00e6tter racken med at fungere p\u00e5 den anden. For at denne ordning fungerer, skal visse regler f\u00f8lges. Her er de vigtigste (den fulde liste finder du <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/193914\/\">her<\/a><\/noindex>):<\/p>\n<p><b>Udstyret skal tilsluttes forskellige PDU'er. <\/b>Hvis udstyret har \u00e9n str\u00f8mforsyning og \u00e9n stikprop, tilsluttes det PDU'en via en UPS (automatisk str\u00f8mskifter) eller ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch). I tilf\u00e6lde af problemer med en af str\u00f8mforsyningerne eller selve PDU'en, skifter UPS'en udstyret til den sunde PDU\/str\u00f8mforsyning. Udstyret vil ikke m\u00e6rke noget.<\/p>\n<p><b>Parret belastning p\u00e5 de to str\u00f8mforsyninger\/PDU'er.<\/b> Backup input will only save you if it can handle the load of the failed input. Therefore, it is essential to keep a margin: load each input to less than half of its rated capacity, and the total load of the two inputs must be less than 100% of the nominal rating. Only in this case will the remaining input withstand the double load. If this is not the case, the switch to backup will fail \u2014 the equipment will remain without power. To prevent the worst from happening, we <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/324610\/\">monitor<\/a><\/noindex> this parameter. <\/p>\n<p><b>Load balancing between PDU sections.<\/b> PDU sockets are grouped into sections \u2014 usually 2 or 3. Each section has its own power limit. It's crucial not to exceed this limit and to distribute the load evenly across all sections. The principle of paired loads mentioned earlier also applies here.<\/p>\n<p><b>To sum up,<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>whenever possible, choose a PDU with monitoring functionality.<\/li>\n<li>When selecting a PDU model, leave a power margin.<\/li>\n<li>Install the PDU so it can be replaced without disturbing the IT equipment.<\/li>\n<li>Connect correctly: connect equipment to two PDUs, do not overload the sections, and remember paired loads. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/471876\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439: \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0436\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0437\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u2013 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439. \u041c\u044b \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u201c\u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044f\u043a\u201d \u2013 \u0447\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0414\u0413\u0423, \u0413\u0420\u0429. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u201c\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0445\u201d \u2013 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0435 Power Distribution Unit (PDU). \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 4 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0418\u0422-\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29301,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One 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