{"id":53098,"date":"2019-11-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-22T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/operatsiya-migratsiya-kak-proishodit-pereezd-v-oblako-dataline"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:57","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:57","slug":"operatsiya-migratsiya-kak-proishodit-pereezd-v-oblako-dataline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/administrirovanie\/operatsiya-migratsiya-kak-proishodit-pereezd-v-oblako-dataline","title":{"rendered":"Operation \"Migration\": hvordan flytning til DataLine-skyen foreg\u00e5r","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

For about 7 years, the very first projects were moving to our cloud simply and straightforwardly. Images of virtual machines were uploaded to an FTP server or brought in on hard drives. Then, via a special import server, the VMs were uploaded to the cloud.<\/p>\n

If it's not an issue for the client to turn off the virtual machine for a day or two (or if there are no other options), then this approach can work. However, if downtime should be a maximum of one hour, this method won't suffice. Today, I will discuss the tools that can help migrate to the cloud with minimal downtime and how our migration process works.<\/p>\n

\"Operation
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Migration with Veeam Backup and Replication<\/h3>\n

\nVeeam Backup and Replication is well-known as a tool for creating backups and replicas. We use it for migration between our sites and for transporting clients from private virtualization to our cloud. The client's virtual machines are replicated to our vCenter, and then the engineer adds them to vCloud Director. <\/p>\n

The initial replication is performed while the virtual machine is powered on. At a designated time, the machine on the client's side is turned off. Replication is started again to transfer the changes that occurred since the first replication. After that, the virtual machine starts in our cloud. <\/p>\n

\"Operation
\n
\nTypically, from the moment the machine is powered off on the client's infrastructure to when it is powered on in our cloud, no more than half an hour passes, often only 15\u201320 minutes. <\/p>\n

Meanwhile, the original virtual machine remains on the client's site. If something goes wrong, it can always be rolled back and turned on. This method is also convenient for the client as it does not require Veeam.<\/p>\n

Case 1
\nThe client had its own virtual infrastructure based on VMware \u2013 40 VMs totaling 30 TB. The hardware on which the cluster was deployed was already outdated, and the client decided not to invest in new purchases and to move to the public cloud. The requirement for downtime of critical systems was no more than one hour. Veeam Replication was chosen as the tool. Additionally, it was a plus that the client's Internet provider was present in our data center, which allowed for a good connection. The migration took about a month, with downtime during the switch of up to 30 minutes for one group of virtual machines.<\/i><\/p>\n

Migration using Veeam Cloud Connect<\/h3>\n

\nVeeam Cloud Connect \u2013 et v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j, der hj\u00e6lper med at konfigurere replikering af virtuelle maskiner og starte replikater i cloud-tjenesteudbyderen. Efter opdateringen i 2019<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e5ret blev det muligt at replikere virtuelle maskiner direkte til vCloud Director. Den eneste betingelse er, at der skal v\u00e6re implementeret en Veeam Backup and Replication p\u00e5 kundens side, som ikke er lavere end version 9. Kort sagt (den detaljerede version her<\/a><\/noindex>), s\u00e5 ser hele processen s\u00e5ledes ud.<\/p>\n

I vCloud Director oprettes en organisation med n\u00f8dvendige ressourcer og netv\u00e6rk. I Veeam Cloud Connect opretter vi en konto, som kunden forbinder til fra sin Veeam B&R, v\u00e6lger DataLine som udbyder og organisation, og konfigurerer opgaver til replikation. Udover at nedetid ved denne migrering vil v\u00e6re p\u00e5 15\u201320 minutter, er kunden ikke afh\u00e6ngig af udbyderens support og styrer hele processen selv: opretter replikationsopgaver, selve replikationen, slukker maskinerne og starter dem p\u00e5 den nye placering. <\/p>\n

\"Operation
\n
\nCase 2
\nKundens infrastruktur, hvor migrationen blev planlagt, var placeret i Hviderusland. Det var n\u00f8dvendigt at flytte 90 VM'er med en samlet st\u00f8rrelse p\u00e5 27 TB, mens internetforbindelsen var 100 mbit\/s. Hvis vi lavede backup og straks uploadede det til vores cloud, ville det tage flere dage for nogle VM'er. I mellemtiden ville der v\u00e6re vokset en stor delta p\u00e5 VM'erne, hvilket kunne have negativ indflydelse p\u00e5 maskinernes ydeevne eller, hvad der er v\u00e6rre, pladsen p\u00e5 datalageret ville v\u00e6re udl\u00f8bet. Vi handlede som f\u00f8lger: f\u00f8rst lavede kunden en lokal fuld backup og overf\u00f8rte en kopi til vores cloud via Veeam Cloud Connect. Derefter lavede han og overf\u00f8rte en inkrement til cloud. Den oprindelige virtuelle maskine fortsatte med at arbejde. Efter at have slukket VM'en lavede kunden endnu en inkrement og sendte ogs\u00e5 til cloud. P\u00e5 vores side deployerede vi en virtuel maskine fra den fulde backup og tilf\u00f8jede derefter to inkrementer. Denne skema gjorde det muligt at minimere nedetid til 2 timer ved skift til vores platform. <\/i><\/p>\n

Migration ved hj\u00e6lp af VMware vCloud Availability<\/h3>\n

\nI marts i \u00e5r udgav VMware vCloud Availability 3.0, som giver mulighed for at migrere virtuelle maskiner mellem forskellige skyer (vCloud Director \u2013 vCloud Director) og fra kundens private virtualiseringsmilj\u00f8 til skyen (vCenter \u2013 vCloud Director). Den prim\u00e6re bekvemmelighed er integrationen med vCloud Director-gr\u00e6nsefladen. Dette g\u00f8r det betydeligt lettere at administrere replikering og minimerer nedetid under omstillingen.<\/p>\n

Ved hj\u00e6lp af dette v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j migrerede vi en af vores kunder fra vores cloud i Moskva til vores cloud i Sankt Petersborg. Det var n\u00f8dvendigt at flytte 18 virtuelle maskiner med en samlet kapacitet p\u00e5 14 TB. Der blev oprettet en organisation for kunden i den sankt-petersborgiske cloud, og de n\u00f8dvendige netv\u00e6rk blev etableret. Derefter gik kunden fra vCloud Director-gr\u00e6nsefladen til indstillingerne for vCloud Availability, oprettede replikationsopgaver og skiftede til den sankt-petersborgiske platform p\u00e5 et passende tidspunkt. Nedetiden under omstillingen var 12 minutter.<\/p>\n

\"Operation
\nMigreringsskemaet mellem DataLine-skyerne i Sankt Petersborg og Moskva.<\/i><\/p>\n

vCloud Availability har en mekanisme til at migrere VM'er fra kundens site til vores cloud. Til dette implementeres en specialiseret appliance for vCloud Availability i kundens vCenter. Efter en simpel ops\u00e6tning oprettes forbindelsen til skyen, og migreringsopgaverne konfigureres. Kunden har ogs\u00e5 fuld kontrol over hele processen, og migreringstiden minimeres.<\/p>\n

\"Operation
\nMigreringsskemaet for virtuelle maskiner fra en privat installation til skyen.<\/i><\/p>\n

VMware vCloud Availability har mange andre anvendelsesscenarier, som vi snart vil dele i en separat artikel. <\/p>\n

Forberedelse til migration <\/h3>\n

\nFor at v\u00e6lge v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jet og faktisk p\u00e5begynde migrationen skal man tage stilling til f\u00f8lgende punkter:<\/p>\n

Hvor migrerer vi fra. <\/b>Hvis du migrerer fra en privat l\u00f8sning, har du fuldst\u00e6ndig frihed til at v\u00e6lge v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer. Hvis du flytter fra en udbyder, er det mere kompliceret. Sandsynligvis kan man ikke bare forbinde infrastrukturen fra to udbydere og tr\u00e6kke VM'er over p\u00e5 grund af sikkerhedsm\u00e6ssige hensyn. Nogle gange begynder udbyderen, som kunden \u00f8nsker at forlade, endda at skabe problemer og tr\u00e6kke tiden. At forlade en udbyder kan g\u00f8res p\u00e5 den gamle m\u00e5de: ved at eksportere VM'er til diske og via FTP, eller ved at migrere p\u00e5 applikationsniveau. Det sidste er betinget, og det ser omtrent s\u00e5ledes ud.<\/p>\n

Case 3
\nDet var n\u00f8dvendigt at migrere klientens SAP-system fra en europ\u00e6isk udbyder: 34 VM'er p\u00e5 i alt 54 TB. Klienten fik tildelt ressourcer i vores cloud. Der blev etableret netv\u00e6rksforbindelse mellem os og infrastrukturen hos den europ\u00e6iske udbyder. Applikationsserverne blev genoprettet med de n\u00f8dvendige konfigurationer. Store databaser blev migreret ved at uploade sikkerhedskopier til vores cloud. Herefter blev der opsat replikation mellem databaserne p\u00e5 vores og den oprindelige placering. P\u00e5 det aftalte tidspunkt skiftede vi til databaserne i vores cloud.<\/i><\/p>\n

Datas\u00e6t og internetkanal.<\/b> Vi beder normalt klienten om at fremskaffe en udtr\u00e6kning fra systemerne med parametre for hukommelse, CPU og diske. Vi vurderer, om kanalen er tilstr\u00e6kkelig til direkte at sende replikater eller sikkerhedskopier af virtuelle maskiner. <\/p>\n

Acceptabel downtime.<\/b> For forskellige systemer og dertil h\u00f8rende virtuelle maskiner kan det variere afh\u00e6ngigt af deres kritikalitet for virksomheden. Normalt kommer klienten med f\u00e6rdige krav til nedetid ved migration, og p\u00e5 baggrund af dette v\u00e6lger vi det passende v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j og migrationsplanen. Vi fors\u00f8ger at planl\u00e6gge det endelige skift til natten eller weekenden, s\u00e5 selv en lille nedetid ikke er synlig for klientens slutbrugere. <\/p>\n

Baseret p\u00e5 disse data kan vi v\u00e6lge v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j og p\u00e5begynde selve migreringen. Her er, hvad der sker herefter.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Ops\u00e6tning af netv\u00e6rksforbindelse. <\/b>Vi organiserer netv\u00e6rksforbindelse mellem vores cloud og klientens infrastruktur. Gennem dette netv\u00e6rk vil de virtuelle maskiner blive kopieret. Hvis Veeam Backup and Replication anvendes, er det en dedikeret linje, sj\u00e6ldent \u2013 en VPN-forbindelse. Ved brug af Veeam Cloud Connect sker alt gennem internettet eller den samme dedikerede linje.\n

    Derefter ops\u00e6ttes netv\u00e6rket for VM'er i cloud. Maskinerne flyttes normalt i grupper og ikke p\u00e5 en dag. Efter at VM'erne er flyttet til os og startet, skal de interagere med maskiner, der stadig er tilbage p\u00e5 den oprindelige placering. <\/li>\n

  2. Plan for migrering.<\/b> N\u00e5r der er mange maskiner, er det rimeligt at opdele dem i grupper og transportere dem i partier. Sammen med klienten aftaler vi en plan, hvor vi beskriver, hvorn\u00e5r og hvilke maskiner der flyttes, samt hvorn\u00e5r den endelige replikation og skift til den nye placering vil finde sted. <\/li>\n
  3. Testmigration.<\/b> Vi migrerer den test virtuelle maskine og tjekker, om alt er korrekt konfigureret: netv\u00e6rksforbindelse mellem sites, tilg\u00e6ngelighed af den virtuelle maskine for maskiner p\u00e5 den oprindelige site, brugerrettigheder og andet. En s\u00e5dan test hj\u00e6lper med at undg\u00e5 forsinkelser i den faktiske migrationsfase.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nDet var alt fra mig. Stil sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l i kommentarerne og del din migreringserfaring.
    \n
    Kilde:     habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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