{"id":53580,"date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-04T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/uyazvimosti-v-openbsd-pozvolyayushhie-povysit-privilegii-i-obojti-autentifikatsiyu-v-smtpd-ldapd-i-radiusd"},"modified":"2021-02-01T11:40:32","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T09:40:32","slug":"uyazvimosti-v-openbsd-pozvolyayushhie-povysit-privilegii-i-obojti-autentifikatsiyu-v-smtpd-ldapd-i-radiusd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-openbsd-pozvolyayushhie-povysit-privilegii-i-obojti-autentifikatsiyu-v-smtpd-ldapd-i-radiusd","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e5rbarheder i OpenBSD, der muligg\u00f8r forh\u00f8jelse af rettigheder og omg\u00e5else af autentificering i smtpd, ldapd og radiusd","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Qualys <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.qualys.com\/laws-of-vulnerabilities\/2019\/12\/04\/openbsd-multiple-authentication-vulnerabilities\">har afsl\u00f8ret<\/a><\/noindex> fire <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.qualys.com\/2019\/12\/04\/cve-2019-19521\/authentication-vulnerabilities-openbsd.txt\">s\u00e5rbarheder<\/a><\/noindex> I OpenBSD, en af dem g\u00f8r det muligt at oprette forbindelse til nogle netv\u00e6rkstjenester uden autentificering, mens de tre andre kan h\u00e6ve deres rettigheder i systemet. Rapporten fra Qualys bem\u00e6rker den hurtige reaktion fra OpenBSD-udviklerne \u2014 alle problemer blev <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openbsd.org\/errata66.html\">er blevet rettet<\/a><\/noindex> i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openbsd.org\/errata65.html\">OpenBSD 6.5<\/a><\/noindex> og <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openbsd.org\/errata66.html\">OpenBSD 6.6<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00f8st inden for 40 timer efter privat underretning.<\/p>\n<p>Den fjernudnyttede s\u00e5rbarhed skyldes en fejl i organiseringen af autentifikationshandleren i libc-biblioteket, som kalder<br \/>\nprogrammet \/usr\/libexec\/auth\/login_style med overf\u00f8rsel af argumenter i kommandolinjen. Det er ogs\u00e5 muligt at angive navnet p\u00e5 protokollen med den valgfrie parameter \u00ab-s service\u00bb ved kald af login_style. Hvis der i begyndelsen af brugernavnet anvendes symbolet \u00ab-\u00bb, vil dette navn blive behandlet som en mulighed ved opstart af login_style. Som f\u00f8lge heraf, hvis du angiver \u00ab-schallenge\u00bb eller \u00ab-schallenge:passwd\u00bb som brugernavn ved autentifikation, vil login_style opfatte anmodningen som en anmodning om at bruge behandleren <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S\/Key\">S\/Key<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Problemet er, at S\/Key-protokollen i login_style kun underst\u00f8ttes formelt og faktisk ignoreres, hvilket f\u00f8rer til en falsk indikation af succesfuld autentifikation. Dermed kan en angriber, ved at udgive sig som brugeren \u00ab-schallenge\u00bb, omg\u00e5 autentifikationen og f\u00e5 adgang uden at angive et kodeord eller n\u00f8gler. Alle netv\u00e6rkstjenester, der bruger standard libc-opkald til autentifikation, er potentielt s\u00e5rbare. For eksempel er muligheden for at omg\u00e5 autentifikationen bekr\u00e6ftet i smtpd (AUTH PLAIN), ldapd og radiusd.<\/p>\n<p>I sshd viser s\u00e5rbarheden sig ikke, da der er ekstra beskyttelse med kontrol af brugerens tilstedev\u00e6relse i systemet. Ikke desto mindre kan sshd bruges til at kontrollere systemets s\u00e5rbarhed \u2014 ved at tilg\u00e5 med brugernavnet \u00ab-sresponse:passwd\u00bb fryser forbindelsen, da sshd venter p\u00e5, at login_passwd returnerer opkaldparametrene (challenge), mens login_passwd venter p\u00e5 overf\u00f8rslen af de manglende parametre (navnet \u00ab-sresponse\u00bb opfattes som en mulighed). En potentiel lokal angriber kan fors\u00f8ge at omg\u00e5 autentifikationen i su-nyttig program, men overf\u00f8rsel af navnet \u00ab-sresponse\u00bb f\u00f8rer til, at processen fejler p\u00e5 grund af retur af en nulpegger ved udf\u00f8relsen af funktionen getpwnam_r(\u00ab-schallenge\u00bb, \u2026).<\/p>\n<p>Andre s\u00e5rbarheder:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  CVE-2019-19520 \u2014 lokal forh\u00f8jelse af privilegier gennem manipulation med v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jet xlock, der leveres med sgid-flaget, som \u00e6ndrer gruppen til 'auth'. I koden for xlock forbydes omdirigering af biblioteksstier kun ved \u00e6ndring af bruger-ID (setuid), hvilket giver en angriber mulighed for at \u00e6ndre milj\u00f8variablen 'LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH' og organisere indl\u00e6sningen af deres eget delte bibliotek, hvis kode vil blive udf\u00f8rt efter forh\u00f8jelse af privilegier til gruppen 'auth'.<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2019-19522 \u2014 muligg\u00f8r for lokale brugere, der er med i gruppen 'auth', at k\u00f8re kode med root-rettigheder ved aktivering af S\/Key eller YubiKey i systemets autentificering (som standard er de ikke aktiveret). At v\u00e6re med i gruppen 'auth', som kan opn\u00e5s ved at udnytte den ovenn\u00e6vnte s\u00e5rbarhed i xlock, tillader at skrive filer til mapperne \/etc\/skey og \/var\/db\/yubikey. For eksempel kan en angriber tilf\u00f8je en ny fil \/etc\/skey\/root til generering af engangsn\u00f8gler til autentificering under brugeren root ved hj\u00e6lp af S\/Key.<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2019-19519 \u2014 mulighed for at h\u00e6ve ressourcelimiter gennem manipulation med v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jet su. N\u00e5r man angiver indstillingen '-L', der indeb\u00e6rer gentagne fors\u00f8g p\u00e5 autentificering i tilf\u00e6lde af fejl, s\u00e6ttes brugerklassen kun \u00e9n gang og nulstilles ikke ved de efterf\u00f8lgende fors\u00f8g. En angriber kan udf\u00f8re 'su -l -L' og ved den f\u00f8rste fors\u00f8g indtaste en fremmed bruger med en anden konto-klasse, men ved det andet fors\u00f8g lykkes det at autentificere sig selv. I denne situation vil brugeren f\u00e5 sat begr\u00e6nsninger svarende til den brugerklasse, der blev angivet ved det f\u00f8rste fors\u00f8g (for eksempel maksimalt antal processer eller hukommelsesst\u00f8rrelse for processen). Metoden fungerer kun til at overtage begr\u00e6nsninger fra ikke-privilegerede brugere, da det kr\u00e6ver, at brugeren root er med i gruppen wheel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Yderligere kan det n\u00e6vnes <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/undeadly.org\/cgi?action=article;sid=20191202105849\">implementering.<\/a><\/noindex> i OpenBSD er der en ny metode til at kontrollere gyldigheden af systemopkald, som yderligere komplicerer udnyttelse af s\u00e5rbarheder. Metoden tillader udf\u00f8relse af systemopkald, kun hvis de tilg\u00e5s fra p\u00e5 forh\u00e5nd registrerede hukommelsesomr\u00e5der. For at markere hukommelsesomr\u00e5der <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/marc.info\/?l=openbsd-cvs&amp;m=157500930922882&amp;w=2\">er blevet foresl\u00e5et<\/a><\/noindex> ny systemopkald <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man.openbsd.org\/msyscall\">msyscall()<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51979\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 OpenBSD, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0435 Qualys \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 OpenBSD &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 OpenBSD 6.5 \u0438 OpenBSD 6.6 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 40 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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