{"id":53598,"date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-04T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:31","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:31","slug":"vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3","title":{"rendered":"Udgivelse af den batchfiltrerende nftables 0.9.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/marc.info\/?l=linux-netdev&#038;m=157532146517289&#038;w=2\">Publiceret<\/a><\/noindex> udgivelse af pakkefilter <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/netfilter.org\/projects\/nftables\/\">nftables 0.9.3<\/a><\/noindex>, der udvikler sig som en erstatning for iptables, ip6tables, arptables og ebtables ved at standardisere pakke filtreringsgr\u00e6nseflader for IPv4, IPv6, ARP og netv\u00e6rksbroer. nftables-pakken inkluderer komponenter til pakke filtrering, der arbejder i brugerrummet, mens kernens subsystem nf_tables, der har v\u00e6ret en del af Linux-kernen siden version 3.13, s\u00f8rger for arbejdet p\u00e5 kernens niveau. N\u00f8dvendige \u00e6ndringer til nftables 0.9.3 er inkluderet i den kommende Linux-kernens 5.5 gren.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00e5 kernel niveau tilbydes kun et generelt interface, der ikke er afh\u00e6ngigt af protokollen og giver grundl\u00e6ggende funktioner til at udtr\u00e6kke data fra pakker, udf\u00f8re operationer med data og kontrollere str\u00f8mmen. Selve filtreringslogikken og protokolspecifikke h\u00e5ndterere kompilere til bytekode i brugerrummet, hvorefter denne bytekode indl\u00e6ses i kernen via Netlink-gr\u00e6nsefladen og eksekveres i en speciel virtuel maskine, der minder om BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters). Denne tilgang muligg\u00f8r en betydelig reduktion af st\u00f8rrelsen p\u00e5 den kode, der k\u00f8rer p\u00e5 kernel niveau, og flytter alle funktioner til regel analyse og protokol logik til brugerrummet.<\/p>\n<p>Hovednyhederne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Underst\u00f8ttelse af tidsbaseret paketsammenligning. Det er muligt at definere b\u00e5de tids- og datointervaller, hvor reglen vil tr\u00e6kke, samt at indstille udl\u00f8sning p\u00e5 enkelte ugedage. En ny mulighed '\u2013T' er ogs\u00e5 tilf\u00f8jet for at vise epoch-tid i sekunder.\n<p>     meta time ;2019-12-24 16:00; ;2020-01-02 7:00;<br \/>\n     meta hour ;17:00; ;19:00;<br \/>\n     meta day ;Fri;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Underst\u00f8ttelse af genoprettelse og bevarelse af SELinux m\u00e6rker (secmark).\n<p>     ct secmark set meta secmark<br \/>\n     meta secmark set ct secmark<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Underst\u00f8ttelse af map-lister for synproxy, som tillader at definere mere end \u00e9n regel til backend.\n<p>    tabel ip foo {<br \/>\n            synproxy https-synproxy {<br \/>\n                    mss 1460<br \/>\n                    wscale 7<br \/>\n                    timestamp sack-perm<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            synproxy other-synproxy {<br \/>\n                    mss 1460<br \/>\n                    wscale 5<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            chain pre {<br \/>\n                    type filter hook prerouting priority raw; policy accept;<br \/>\n                    tcp dport 8888 tcp flags syn notrack<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            k\u00e6de bar {<br \/>\n                    type filter hook forward priority filter; policy accept;<br \/>\n                    ct state invalid, untracked synproxy name ip saddr map { 192.168.1.0\/24 : 'https-synproxy', 192.168.2.0\/24 : 'other-synproxy' }<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n     }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mulighed for dynamisk at fjerne elementer fra set-s\u00e6t i pakkeh\u00e5ndteringsregler.\n<p>     nft add rule ; delete @set5 { ip6 saddr . ip6 daddr }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Underst\u00f8ttelse af VLAN matchning efter ID og protokol, defineret i metadataene for netv\u00e6rksbrointerfacet;\n<p>        meta ibrpvid 100<br \/>\n        meta ibrvproto vlan<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mulighed '-t' ('--terse') for at udelade elementer af s\u00e6t-samlinger ved visning af regler. N\u00e5r 'nft -t list ruleset' udf\u00f8res, vil output v\u00e6re:\n<p>    table ip x {<br \/>\n        set y {<br \/>\n                type ipv4_addr<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>Men ved 'nft list ruleset'<\/p>\n<p>    table ip x {<br \/>\n        set y {<br \/>\n                type ipv4_addr<br \/>\n                elements = { 192.168.10.2, 192.168.20.1,<br \/>\n                             192.168.4.4, 192.168.2.34 }<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> The ability to specify multiple devices in netdev chains (only works with kernel 5.5) for combining typical filtering rules.\n<p>     add table netdev x<br \/>\n     add chain netdev x y { ;<br \/>\n        type filter hook ingress devices = { eth0, eth1 } priority 0;<br \/>\n     }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> The ability to add descriptions for data types.\n<p>    # nft describe ipv4_addr<br \/>\n    datatype ipv4_addr (IPv4 address) (basetype integer), 32 bits<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> The ability to build a CLI interface with the linenoise library instead of libreadline.\n<p>     .\/configure --with-cli=linenoise<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51980\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 0.9.3, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b iptables, ip6table, arptables \u0438 ebtables \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 nftables \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 nf_tables, \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta 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