{"id":54816,"date":"2020-01-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-04T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:52","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:52","slug":"bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal","title":{"rendered":"Bruce Perens forlod OSI-organisationen p\u00e5 grund af uenigheder vedr\u00f8rende CAL-licensen","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bruce Perens har annonceret<\/a><\/noindex> om udtr\u00e6den af Open Source Initiative (OSI), som besk\u00e6ftiger sig med at kontrollere licenser for overensstemmelse med kriterierne for Open Source. Bruce er medstifter af OSI, en af forfatterne til definitionen af Open Source, skaberen af BusyBox-pakken og den anden leder af Debian-projektet (han overtog posten fra Ian Murdock i 1996). \u00c5rsagen til hans afgang siges at v\u00e6re \u00f8nsket om ikke at have noget med OSI's kommende beslutning om at inkludere CAL<\/a><\/noindex> (Cryptographic Autonomy License) blandt de \u00e5bne licenser.<\/p>\n

CAL-licensen tilh\u00f8rer<\/a><\/noindex> kategorien copyleft-licenser og er udviklet<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00e5 bestilling af projektet Holochain<\/a><\/noindex> is\u00e6r for at beskytte brugerdata i distribuerede P2P-applikationer. Holochain udvikler en platform baseret p\u00e5 hashk\u00e6der til oprettelse af kryptografisk verificerede distribuerede applikationer. <\/p>\n

CAL-licensen tillader brug af Holochain i form af gratis og open source software, hvis flere betingelser er opfyldt. For det f\u00f8rste skal kildekoden til Holochain og alle afledte v\u00e6rker distribueres under de samme vilk\u00e5r, herunder betingelser relateret til beskyttelse af fortroligheden af kryptografiske n\u00f8gler. For det andet gives retten til offentlig udf\u00f8relse af Holochain, inklusive brugen af Holochain API til at k\u00f8re applikationer, kun hvis fortroligheden og autonomien af hver enkelt brugers lukkede kryptografiske n\u00f8gler opretholdes. <\/p>\n

CAL-konceptet adskiller sig fundamentalt fra andre licenser \u2014 hvis en tjeneste bruger software under denne licens, d\u00e6kker den ikke kun koden, men ogs\u00e5 de behandlede data. I henhold til CAL-licensen, hvis fortroligheden af brugerens n\u00f8gle overtr\u00e6des (for eksempel, hvis n\u00f8gler opbevares p\u00e5 en central server), s\u00e5 kr\u00e6nkes ogs\u00e5 retten til at eje dataene, og kontrollen over sine egne kopier af applikationen g\u00e5r tabt. I praksis tillader denne egenskab ved licensen kun, at n\u00f8glerne manipuleres p\u00e5 slutbrugersiden uden at blive gemt p\u00e5 centrale servere. <\/p>\n

For example, a CAL license will not allow a company to create its own corporate P2P chat based on Holochain, where employee keys are stored in a common repository controlled by the company, which does not exclude the possibility of reading correspondence. Thus, Holochain aims to ensure that any application based on Holochain is trustworthy and autonomous. If an application uses centralized systems to work with user keys, it loses the right to operate with Holochain.<\/p>\n

Bruce Perens considers<\/a><\/noindex>, that the CAL license does not provide the necessary freedom and is aimed at protecting Holochain<\/a><\/noindex> against abuses by developers trying to completely control user data in their applications. The requirement to store keys only on end-user systems in light of Open Source criteria<\/a><\/noindex> may be perceived as infringing the rights of certain groups and discrimination based on the area of application.<\/p>\n

Pernss fortalte, at en vigtig egenskab ved \u00e5bne licenser er muligheden for at anvende dem uden at involvere advokater. Brugeren kan blot installere et program, der leveres under en godkendt \u00e5ben licens fra OSI, og hvis han ikke \u00e6ndrer koden og ikke vidergiver programmet til andre, beh\u00f8ver han endda ikke at l\u00e6se licensen. Der er godkendt mere end 100 \u00e5bne licenser af OSI, og alle overholder denne model. Men CAL-licensen bryder denne model \u2014 hvis nogen arbejder med et program under CAL-licensen og har brugere, p\u00e5l\u00e6gges de et ekstra ansvar i forhold til at tilbagelevere dataene til disse brugere. <\/p>\n

Med den nye licens fors\u00f8ger Holochain at kontrollere netv\u00e6rket af applikationer og mods\u00e6tte sig det, at udviklere af klienter til den distribuerede platform kan binde brugerne til sig ved at overtage deres data. Pernss anerkender det gode form\u00e5l med at sikre brugernes databeskyttelse, men anser det for uacceptabelt, at man skal have juridisk r\u00e5dgivning for at forst\u00e5 licensen og samhandle med brugerne. Pernss p\u00e5pegede ogs\u00e5 den skadelige v\u00e6kst i antallet af licenser, hvilket g\u00f8r det sv\u00e6rt at kombinere applikationer under forskellige licenser, og han n\u00e6vnte, at det kun er n\u00f8dvendigt med tre licenser \u2014 AGPLv3, LGPLv3 og Apache v2.<\/p>\n

CAL-licensen er udviklet af den kendte jurist Van Lindberg (Van Lindberg<\/a><\/noindex>), der specialiserer sig i sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l relateret til intellektuel ejendom og licenser i open source-software. If\u00f8lge oplysninger<\/a><\/noindex>, som er blevet indhentet af mediet The Register, har Lindberg privat lobbyeret for, at OSI's bestyrelse anerkender CAL-licensen uden om den offentlige godkendelsesproces.<\/p>\n

Lindberg svarede, at mange mennesker oprindeligt har dannet sig en forudindtaget mening om CAL-licensen og fors\u00f8ger at finde enhver anledning til modstand. Ordet lobbyisme er ikke passende i denne sammenh\u00e6ng, da gennemgangen af licensen og dens diskussion fandt sted p\u00e5 offentlige fora, mens de procedurem\u00e6ssige sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l kun blev dr\u00f8ftet privat. <\/p>\n

Pamela Chestek, der leder komiteen for licensgennemsyn, understregede, at der ikke er noget us\u00e6dvanligt ved privat kommunikation, da OSI's bestyrelse normalt r\u00e5dgiver med parterne f\u00f8r licensgennemsyn. Hun havde blandt andet en telefonsamtale med Lindberg, hvor hun fors\u00f8gte at forklare, hvad der pr\u00e6cist var problemerne med den foresl\u00e5ede licens. Dette kommunikation kan muligvis v\u00e6re blevet misforst\u00e5et. Hvad ang\u00e5r CAL-licensen er diskussionen stadig ikke afsluttet, og en endelig mening er endnu ikke dannet.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441 (Bruce Perens) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Open Source Initiative (OSI), \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c Open Source. \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c OSI, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Open Source, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 BusyBox \u0438 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Debian (\u0432 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u042f\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430). \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Bruce Perens forlod OSI-organisationen p\u00e5 grund af uenigheder om CAL-licensen | ProHoster","description":"Bruce Perens har annonceret sin udtr\u00e6den fra Open-organisationen.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"da_DK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e OSI \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 CAL | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441 (Bruce Perens) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Open.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2020-01-04T21:00:00+00:00","article:modified_time":"2020-02-18T11:02:52+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"54816","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-24 12:51:20","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 19:57:37","updated":"2026-01-24 12:51:20","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54816"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54816\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}