{"id":55257,"date":"2020-01-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/pol-grem-na-smenu-korporativnoj-lestnitse"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:21","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:21","slug":"pol-grem-na-smenu-korporativnoj-lestnitse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/pol-grem-na-smenu-korporativnoj-lestnitse","title":{"rendered":"Paul Graham: \u201cP\u00e5 vej v\u00e6k fra den virksomhedsm\u00e6ssige karrierestige\u201d","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Paul
\n
\nAugust 2005<\/i><\/p>\n

For tretti \u00e5r siden skulle man bane vei oppover i arbeidslivet. Nu anses det ikke l\u00e6ngere for at v\u00e6re en regel. Vores generation \u00f8nsker at tjene penge p\u00e5 de fremtr\u00e6dende positioner. I stedet for at udvikle et produkt for en stor virksomhed i h\u00e5bet om at f\u00e5 en garanti for arbejdslivet, udvikler vi selv et produkt i en startup og s\u00e6lger det til en stor virksomhed. I det mindste \u00f8nsker vi at have valgmuligheder.<\/p>\n

Udover dette har dette skift aff\u00f8dt en hastig v\u00e6kst i \u00f8konomisk ulighed. Men i realiteten er disse to eksempler ikke s\u00e5 forskellige, som de fremst\u00e5r i \u00f8konomisk statistik.<\/p>\n

\u00d8konomisk statistik kan v\u00e6re misvisende, da den ignorerer betydningen af sikre arbejdspladser. Let job, hvor man ikke kan blive fyret, koster penge; at skifte til et andet job er en af de mest almindelige former for korruption. Sinekura<\/a><\/noindex> (En godt betalt stilling, der ikke kr\u00e6ver meget arbejde)<\/i> \u2014 det er en effekt, annuitet<\/a><\/noindex> (eller finansiel rente - et generelt begreb, der beskriver betalingsplanen for et finansielt instrument, betalingerne eller afdragene af hovedstol og renter p\u00e5 det)<\/i>. Men sinekuraer vises ikke i \u00f8konomisk statistik. Hvis de gjorde, ville det v\u00e6re klart, at socialistske lande i praksis har en betydelig ulighed i indkomst, fordi de som regel har en magtfuld klasse af bureaukrater, der betales prim\u00e6rt for anciennitet, og som aldrig kan fyres.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nI mellemtiden var det ikke sinekuraen, men senioriteten i virksomheden, der var virkelig v\u00e6rdifuld, fordi store virksomheder fors\u00f8gte at undg\u00e5 at fyre folk og fremme dem baseret prim\u00e6rt p\u00e5 anciennitet. Senioritet havde betydning svarende til 'goodwill', som faktisk ofte bruges som en reel faktor i virksomhedsvurdering. Det bet\u00f8d, at man kunne forvente et velbetalt job i fremtiden.<\/p>\n

En af hoved\u00e5rsagerne til nedbrydningen af karrierestigen er tendensen til fusioner, der begyndte i 1980'erne. Hvorfor bruge sin tid p\u00e5 en stige, der kan forsvinde, f\u00f8r du n\u00e5r toppen?<\/p>\n

Og ikke uden grund er karrierestigen en af \u00e5rsagerne til, at de tidlige korporative opk\u00f8b var s\u00e5 succesfulde. Ikke kun ignorerer de \u00f8konomiske statistikker v\u00e6rdien af sikre job. Korporative balancer g\u00f8r det ogs\u00e5. \u00c5rsagen til, at det var profitabelt at opdele virksomheder og s\u00e6lge dem i dele i 1980'erne, er, at de formelt set n\u00e6ppe anerkendte deres underforst\u00e5ede g\u00e6ld over for medarbejderne, der havde gjort et godt stykke arbejde og ventede p\u00e5 bel\u00f8nning i form af velbetalte stillinger, n\u00e5r deres tid kom. I filmen Wall Street g\u00f8r Gordon Gekko grin med virksomheder, der er overfyldt med vicepr\u00e6sidenter. Men virksomheden kan v\u00e6re mindre korrupt, end det ser ud; disse bekvemme vicepr\u00e6sidentstillinger var sandsynligvis en betaling for det arbejde, der tidligere var udf\u00f8rt.<\/p>\n

Jeg foretr\u00e6kker den nye model. P\u00e5 den ene side virker det som en d\u00e5rlig id\u00e9 at betragte stillinger som bel\u00f8nninger. Mange dygtige ingeni\u00f8rer er blevet d\u00e5rlige ledere p\u00e5 den m\u00e5de. Og det gamle system indebar, at folk skulle konfronteres med meget mere virksomhedspolitik for at beskytte de bestr\u00e6belser, de havde lagt i deres position p\u00e5 karrierestigen.<\/p>\n

En stor ulempe ved det nye system er, at det indeb\u00e6rer st\u00f8rre risiko. Hvis du udvikler ideer i en startup i stedet for i en stor virksomhed, kan enhver m\u00e6ngde tilf\u00e6ldige faktorer synke dig, f\u00f8r du kan afslutte. Men m\u00e5ske vil den \u00e6ldre generation grine af mig, n\u00e5r jeg siger, at m\u00e5den, vi alle udf\u00f8rer mere risikable projekter p\u00e5. For projekter inden for store virksomheder blev konstant annulleret som et resultat af viljes beslutninger fra toppen. Hele min fars branche (reproduktionsreaktorer) forsvandt p\u00e5 den m\u00e5de.<\/p>\n

Under alle omst\u00e6ndigheder ser selve id\u00e9en om karrierestigen sandsynligvis ud til at v\u00e6re forsvundet for altid. Den nye model virker mere likvid og mere effektiv. Men det er ikke s\u00e5 stort et skifte \u00f8konomisk, som man skulle tro. Vore f\u00e6dre var ikke s\u00e5 dumme.
\n
Kilde: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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