{"id":56195,"date":"2020-02-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/zagolovok-x-client-data-kak-metod-identifikatsii-polzovatelej-chrome"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:04:25","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:04:25","slug":"zagolovok-x-client-data-kak-metod-identifikatsii-polzovatelej-chrome","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/zagolovok-x-client-data-kak-metod-identifikatsii-polzovatelej-chrome","title":{"rendered":"X-Client-Data headeren som en metode til identifikation af Chrome-brugere","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ved diskussionen initiativer<\/a><\/noindex> Google om ensretning af indholdet i HTTP-headeren User-Agent, udvikleren af browseren Kiwi opm\u00e6rksomhed p\u00e5<\/a><\/noindex> den tilbageholdte HTTP-header i Chrome \"X-Client-Data\", som potentielt overtr\u00e6der<\/a><\/noindex> den g\u00e6ldende generelle databeskyttelsesforordning i EU (GDPR<\/a><\/noindex>). Under diskussionen<\/a><\/noindex> blev ogs\u00e5 virksomhedens dobbelte standard kritiseret, idet Google p\u00e5 den ene side fremmer<\/a><\/noindex> metoder<\/a><\/noindex> at blokere for skjult identifikation og overv\u00e5gning af brugeraktiviteter, men p\u00e5 den anden side ikke haster med at fjerne underst\u00f8ttelsen af headeren X-Client-Data fra Chrome, som kan anvendes til at identificere instanser af browseren, n\u00e5r man benytter sig af Googles tjenester.<\/p>\n

Headeren X-Client-Data er ikke en skjult funktionalitet, og dens opf\u00f8rsel beskrevet<\/a><\/noindex> er dokumenteret. Gennem X-Client-Data modtager Google data om aktiviteterne ved forskellige eksperimentelle funktioner i Chrome i forhold til deres egne websteder (for eksempel kan Google under et eksperiment aktivere bestemte testmuligheder p\u00e5 YouTube, hvis de underst\u00f8ttes af browseren, eller fors\u00f8ge at matche de opst\u00e5ede problemer med aktiveringen af eksperimentelle funktioner). <\/p>\n

Overskrift sendes<\/a><\/noindex> kun g\u00e6lder for anmodninger til Google-websteder, der svarer til m\u00f8nstrene \"*.doubleclick.net\", \"*.googlesyndication.com\", \"www.googleadservices.com\", \"*.google.<TLD<\/a><\/noindex>>\", og \"*.youtube.\", og som sendes via HTTPS. I inkognitotilstand udfyldes headeren ikke, men hvis den autentificerede Google-brugerprofil \u00e6ndres til g\u00e6steprofil, eller ved kald af datarensningsoperation, nulstilles headeren ikke og forts\u00e6tter med at blive sendt med den tidligere v\u00e6rdi.<\/p>\n

\"X-Client-Data<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Det er blevet erkl\u00e6ret, at headeren ikke indeholder personligt identificerbar information, men kun beskriver tilstanden af Chrome-installationen og aktive eksperimentelle funktioner. Hvis indstillingerne for sending af telemetry om browserens brug og generering af fejllrapporter er deaktiveret, bruges kun 13 bit entropi (8000 forskellige kombinationer) til at generere den grundl\u00e6ggende v\u00e6rdi af headeren X-Client-Data, hvilket er utilstr\u00e6kkeligt til at identificere. <\/p>\n

Da nogle indstillinger og systemparametre ogs\u00e5 kodes i overskriften, kan indholdet af X-Client-Data i sidste ende fungere som en yderligere datakilde til indirekte brugeridentifikation i en kort periode (eksperimentelle funktioner aktiveres og deaktiveres over tid, hvilket f\u00f8rer til periodisk \u00e6ndring af v\u00e6rdien i X-Client-Data). <\/p>\n

Desuden anvendes der, ud over den indledende entropi ved dannelsen af v\u00e6rdien X-Client-Data, ogs\u00e5 en seed-sekvens, der returneres af Googles servicer og som afh\u00e6nger af landet, IP-adressen og andre kriterier, som Google anser for vigtige (for eksempel er der intet, der forhindrer, at en stor tilf\u00e6ldig sekvens returneres, som bliver en pr\u00e6cis identifikator).
\nDerudover udelukker kontrol af Google-dom\u00e6nm\u00f8nstre ved afsendelse af X-Client-Data ikke situationer, hvor en angrebsgiver kan registrere et dom\u00e6ne som \"youtube.xn--55qx5d\" og begynde at indsamle identifikatorer.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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