{"id":73258,"date":"2020-03-08T14:42:07","date_gmt":"2020-03-08T11:42:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-paketnogo-menedzhera-apt-2-0"},"modified":"2020-03-08T14:42:07","modified_gmt":"2020-03-08T11:42:07","slug":"vypusk-paketnogo-menedzhera-apt-2-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vypusk-paketnogo-menedzhera-apt-2-0","title":{"rendered":"Udgivelse af APT-pakkeh\u00e5ndteringen 2.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.jak-linux.org\/2020\/03\/07\/apt-2.0\/\">Forberedt<\/a><\/noindex> udgivelse af v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer til pakkeadministration <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Debian\/apt\">APT 2.0<\/a><\/noindex> (Advanced Package Tool), der udvikles af Debian-projektet. Udover Debian og afledte distributioner anvendes APT ogs\u00e5 i nogle distributioner baseret p\u00e5 rpm-pakkeh\u00e5ndteringen, s\u00e5som PCLinuxOS og ALT Linux. Den nye version har samlet \u00e6ndringer, der er accumuleret under udviklingen af den eksperimentelle version 1.9.x. Den nye udgivelse vil snart blive <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/packages.debian.org\/source\/sid\/apt\">integreret<\/a><\/noindex> i Debian Unstable-branch og i pakkegrundlaget <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/launchpad.net\/ubuntu\/eoan\/+source\/apt\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex> (i Ubuntu 19.10 blev den eksperimentelle version 1.9 brugt).<\/p>\n<p>Af <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/launchpad.net\/ubuntu\/+source\/apt\/+changelog\">\u00e6ndringer<\/a><\/noindex> Der er tilf\u00f8jet makro _ISOC2X_SOURCE for at inkludere funktioner defineret i udkastet til den fremtidige ISO-standard\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> I kommandoer, der modtager pakke navne, er der tilf\u00f8jet support for <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/manpages.ubuntu.com\/manpages\/focal\/man7\/apt-patterns.7.html\">skabeloner<\/a><\/noindex>. Skabelonsyntaksen minder hovedsageligt om stilen i aptitude-skabeloner. Underst\u00f8ttelse af masker og regul\u00e6re udtryk i argumenterne for apt-kommandoen er nu oph\u00f8rt, i stedet b\u00f8r man nu bruge skabeloner. For eksempel for at liste alle manuelt installerede pakker fra sektionerne med ordene libs, perl og python:\n<p>    apt list '~i !~M (~slibs|~sperl|~spython)'<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Tilf\u00f8jet kommandoerne \u00abapt satisfy\u00bb og \u00abapt-get satisfy\u00bb, som g\u00f8r det muligt at installere pakker, der kr\u00e6ves for at opfylde afh\u00e6ngighederne angivet i strengen, der gives som argument. Man kan ogs\u00e5 angive flere strenge og tilf\u00f8je blokke \u00abConflicts:\u00bb for at udelukke afh\u00e6ngigheder. For eksempel:\n<p>   apt-get satisfy \u00abfoo\u00bb \u00abConflicts: bar\u00bb \u00abbaz (&gt;&gt; 1.0) | bar (= 2.0), moo\u00bb<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Muligheden for at l\u00e5se til en pakke med kode er blevet tilf\u00f8jet ved at tilf\u00f8je pr\u00e6fikset \u00absrc:\u00bb foran pakkenavnet (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.debian.org\/AptConfiguration?action=show&#038;redirect=AptPreferences\">pinning<\/a><\/noindex>, g\u00f8r det muligt at tilf\u00f8je pakker fra andre branches uden at opdatere hele systemet, for eksempel at installere pakker fra testing eller unstable i stable). For at fastg\u00f8re alle bin\u00e6re pakker bygget fra pakken med koden APT 2.0.0 kan man angive:\n<p>    Package: src:apt<br \/>\n    Pin: version 2.0.0<br \/>\n    Pin-Priority: 990<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> I apt-kommandoen er der tilf\u00f8jet en ventetid for at frigive l\u00e5sen dpkg. Som standard, n\u00e5r den k\u00f8res fra konsollen, er ventetiden ikke tidsbegr\u00e6nset, mens den i andre tilf\u00e6lde har en timeout p\u00e5 120 sekunder.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hvis apt ikke kan opn\u00e5 l\u00e5sen, vil fejlen nu blive vist med navnet og pid-processen, der holder lock-filen.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Tilf\u00f8jet kommandoer merge-translations og bump-abi.\n<li class=\"l\"> For kryptografisk hashning anvendes implementeringer af MD5, SHA1 og SHA2 fra libgcrypt-biblioteket.\n<li class=\"l\"> Parallelliseringen af k\u00f8rsel af h\u00e5ndteringer er styrket <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/manpages.debian.org\/jessie\/apt-file\/diffindex-rred.1\">rred<\/a><\/noindex> og udpakning under opdateringskommandoen.\n<li class=\"l\"> De konti, der er angivet i auth.conf-filen, overf\u00f8res nu kun ved anmodning over HTTPS for at undg\u00e5 l\u00e6kager ved overf\u00f8rsel af HTTP-forbindelser.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kravet til C++ standardversionen er l\u00f8ftet til C++14.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f8tte til angivelse af flere hashes for \u00e9n fil er blevet tilf\u00f8jet til apt-helper.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Biblioteket libapt-inst er blevet fusioneret med libapt-pkg.\n<li class=\"l\"> Cacheformatet er blevet moderniseret, hvilket nu muligg\u00f8r tilf\u00f8jelse af nye poster uden at bryde ABI. Pointers i cachen er nu statisk typede og kan ikke sammenlignes med heltal (undtagen 0 via nullptr).\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Uddrbelse af for\u00e6ldede flags er blevet gennemf\u00f8rt, og forskellige funktionsprototyper er blevet fusioneret. Egen implementering af algoritmerne CRC16, MD5, SHA1 og SHA2 er blevet fjernet.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52503\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 APT 2.0 (Advanced Package Tool), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c Debian. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 Debian \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 APT \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 rpm, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a PCLinuxOS \u0438 ALT Linux. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 1.9.x. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f 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