{"id":78802,"date":"2020-04-22T01:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-04-21T23:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-20-03-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2020-04-22T01:42:02","modified_gmt":"2020-04-21T23:42:02","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-nixos-20-03-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-20-03-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Udgivelsen af NixOS 20.03-distributionen, der bruger Nix-pakkeh\u00e5ndtereren","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/discourse.nixos.org\/t\/nixos-20-03-release\/6785\">Pr\u00e6senteret<\/a><\/noindex> udgivelsen af distributionen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/nixos.org\/\">NixOS 20.03<\/a><\/noindex>, baseret p\u00e5 pakkestyringssystemet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/nixos.org\/nix\/\">Nix<\/a><\/noindex> og en r\u00e6kke egne udviklinger, der forenkler ops\u00e6tning og vedligehold af systemet. For eksempel bruger NixOS en enkelt systemkonfigurationsfil (configuration.nix), tilbyder mulighed for hurtig tilbagerulning af opdateringer, underst\u00f8tter skift mellem forskellige tilstande i systemet, tillader installation af individuelle pakker af separate brugere (pakken installeres i hjemmemappen), samtidig med at flere versioner af et program kan installeres, og sikre reproducerbare builds. St\u00f8rrelsen p\u00e5 den komplette <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nixos.org\/nixos\/download.html\">af installationsbilledet<\/a><\/noindex> med KDE \u2014 1,2 GB, den forkortede konsolversion \u2014 540 MB. <\/p>\n<p>Vigtige <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nixos.org\/nixos\/manual\/release-notes.html#sec-release-20.03\">nyheder<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Versionerne af komponenterne i distributionen er opdateret, herunder Linux-kernen 5.4 (tidligere 4.19),<br \/>\n    gcc 9.2.0,<br \/>\n    glibc 2.30,<br \/>\n    mesa 19.3.3,<br \/>\n    openssl 1.1.1d,<br \/>\n    PostgreSQL 11, OpenSSH 8.1.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Skriveborde er opdateret til KDE 5.17.5 (+ KDE Applications 19.12.3),<br \/>\n    GNOME 3.34 og Pantheon 5.1.3 (fra Elementary OS). N\u00e5r Pantheon aktiveres gennem indstillingen services.xserver.desktopManager.pantheon.enable, aktiveres den tilknyttede login-sk\u00e6rm automatisk.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> I den grafiske installationsprogram sikres automatisk opstart af den grafiske session efter installationen (tidligere blev der vist en konsolprompt med forslag om at k\u00f8re 'systemctl start display-manager' hvis den grafiske gr\u00e6nseflade var behov for). For at forhindre opstart af sk\u00e6rmgr\u00e6nsefladen er der tilf\u00f8jet et punkt til bootmenuen 'Disable display-manager'.\n<li class=\"l\"> For ZFS-pools er der implementeret ugentlig udf\u00f8relse af TRIM-operationer for NVME- og SSD-drev (indstillingen services.zfs.trim.enable). Hvis ZFS er til stede i indstillingen config.boot.initrd.supportedFilesystems eller config.boot.supportedFilesystems udf\u00f8res der ogs\u00e5 periodisk k\u00f8rsel af tjekoperationer (services.zfs.autoScrub.enable) og automatisk oprettelse af snapshots (services.zfs.autoSnapshot.enable).\n<li class=\"l\"> Koden for nixos-option er omarbejdet i C++ og er blevet udvidet med indstillingen '-r' for at vise alle indstillinger.\n<li class=\"l\"> Indstillingerne services.xserver.desktopManager.default og services.xserver.windowManager.default er blevet erstattet med den universelle mulighed services.xserver.displayManager.defaultSession (for eksempel services.xserver.displayManager.defaultSession = 'xfce+icewm').\n<li class=\"l\"> Tilf\u00f8jet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nixos.org\/nixos\/manual\/release-notes.html#sec-release-20.03-new-services\">46 nye tjenester<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<li class=\"l\"> Billeder til SD-kort komprimeres som standard med bzip2.\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00e5r der anvendes Nix, installeres pakker i et separat bibliotek af kataloger \/nix\/store eller en underkatalog i brugerkataloget. For eksempel installeres en pakke som \/nix\/store\/f2a4\u20268a143-firefox-75.0.0\/, hvor 'f2a4\u2026' er et unikt identifikator for pakken, der anvendes til at kontrollere afh\u00e6ngigheder. Pakkerne oprettes i form af containere, der indeholder de n\u00f8dvendige komponenter til at k\u00f8re applikationerne.<br \/>\nEn lignende tilgang anvendes i pakkeh\u00e5ndtereren GNU Guix, som er baseret p\u00e5 arbejdet fra Nix.<\/p>\n<p>Mellem pakkerne er det muligt at bestemme afh\u00e6ngigheder, hvor der for at finde allerede installerede afh\u00e6ngigheder anvendes scanning af hash-identifikatorer i mappen med installerede pakker. Det er muligt b\u00e5de at downloade f\u00e6rdige bin\u00e6re pakker fra lageret (ved installation af opdateringer til de bin\u00e6re pakker downloades kun delta-\u00e6ndringer) samt at samle fra kildekoder med alle afh\u00e6ngigheder. Pakkeudvalget pr\u00e6senteres i et s\u00e6rligt lager. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/nixos.org\/nixpkgs\/\">Nixpkgs<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52775\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 20.03, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 NixOS \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (configuration.nix), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433), \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 20.03.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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