{"id":78969,"date":"2020-04-23T13:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T11:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-servernoj-javascript-platformy-node-js-14-0"},"modified":"2020-04-23T13:42:02","modified_gmt":"2020-04-23T11:42:02","slug":"vypusk-servernoj-javascript-platformy-node-js-14-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/vypusk-servernoj-javascript-platformy-node-js-14-0","title":{"rendered":"Udgivelsen af server JavaScript-platformen Node.js 14.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/en\/blog\/release\/v14.0.0\/\">Har fundet sted<\/a><\/noindex> udgivelse <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\">Node.js 14.0<\/a><\/noindex>, platforme til udf\u00f8relse af netv\u00e6rksapplikationer skrevet i JavaScript. Node.js 14.0 tilh\u00f8rer de langsigtede st\u00f8ttelinjer, men denne status vil f\u00f8rst blive tildelt i oktober, efter stabilisering. St\u00f8tten til Node.js 14.0 vil <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/Release\">blive udf\u00f8rt<\/a><\/noindex> indtil april 2023. Supporten for den tidligere LTS-version Node.js 12.0 vil vare til april 2022, og for den f\u00f8r-nu LTS-version 10.0 til april 2021. St\u00f8tten til den mellemliggende version 13.x slutter i juni i \u00e5r.<\/p>\n<p>Vigtige <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@nodejs\/node-js-version-14-available-now-8170d384567e\">forbedringer<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Muligheden for at generere diagnosticeringsrapporter enten on-the-fly eller ved bestemte h\u00e6ndelser <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-node-js-collection\/easily-identify-problems-in-node-js-applications-with-diagnostic-report-dc82370d8029\">er stabiliseret<\/a><\/noindex>, der afspejler h\u00e6ndelser, der hj\u00e6lper med at diagnosticere problemer som nedbrud, ydelsesproblemer, hukommelsesl\u00e6kager, h\u00f8j CPU-belastning, uventet fejloutput osv.\n<li class=\"l\"> Eksperimentel support for API <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/api\/async_hooks.html#async_hooks_class_asynclocalstorage\">Async Local Storage<\/a><\/noindex> med implementeringen af klassen AsyncLocalStorage, der kan bruges til at oprette asynkrone tilstande med callback-baserede h\u00e5ndtere og promisser. AsyncLocalStorage muligg\u00f8r opbevaring af data under behandlingen af webanmodninger, svarende til lokale lagerpladser til individuelle tr\u00e5de i andre sprog (Thread-Local Storage).\n<li class=\"l\"> Advarselsmeddelelsen om den eksperimentelle funktion er fjernet ved indl\u00e6sning <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/node\/blob\/master\/doc\/api\/esm.md\">moduler<\/a><\/noindex>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=42450\">ECMAScript 6<\/a><\/noindex> der importeres og eksporteres ved hj\u00e6lp af import- og export-udtryk. Selve implementeringen af ESM-moduler forbliver dog eksperimentel.\n<li class=\"l\"> V8-motoren er opdateret til version <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/v8.dev\/\">8.1<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52000\">1<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52565\">2<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52312\">3<\/a><\/noindex>), som inkluderer nye pr\u00e6stationsoptimeringer og nye funktioner som den nye logiske sammenfletningsoperator &#171;??&#187; (returnerer den h\u00f8jre operand, hvis den venstre operand har v\u00e6rdien NULL eller undefined, og omvendt), operatoren &#171;?.&#187; til samtidig kontrol af hele k\u00e6den af egenskaber eller kald (f.eks. &#171;db?.user?.name?.length&#187; uden forudg\u00e5ende kontroller), metoden Intl.DisplayName til at hente lokaliserede navne osv.\n<li class=\"l\"> Der er foretaget en revision af API Streams, der har til form\u00e5l at forbedre konsistensen i Streams API'erne og eliminere forskelle i adf\u00e6rden af de grundl\u00e6ggende dele af Node.js. For eksempel er adf\u00e6rden af http.OutgoingMessage blevet n\u00e6rmet stream.Writable, og net.Socket til stream.Duplex. Indstillingen autoDestroy er som standard sat til &#171;true&#187;, hvilket indeb\u00e6rer kaldet til &#171;_destroy&#187; efter afslutningen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Eksperimentel support for API <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/api\/wasi.html\">WASI<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50406\">WebAssembly System Interface<\/a><\/noindex>), der tilbyder programmeringsgr\u00e6nseflader til direkte interaktion med operativsystemet (POSIX API til arbejde med filer, sockets osv.).\n<li class=\"l\"> Forh\u00f8jede krav til <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/node\/blob\/v12.x\/BUILDING.md#platform-list\">minimum versioner<\/a><\/noindex> kompilatorer og platforme: macOS 10.13 (High Sierra), GCC 6,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/node\/pull\/31954\">Windows nyere end 7\/2008R2<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi mindes om, at Node.js-platformen kan bruges b\u00e5de til serveradministration af webapplikationer og til at udvikle almindelige klient- og serversnetv\u00e6rksprogrammer. For at udvide funktionaliteten af Node.js-applikationer er der forberedt en stor <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.npmjs.com\/\">samling af moduler<\/a><\/noindex>, hvor man kan finde moduler med implementeringer af HTTP-, SMTP-, XMPP-, DNS-, FTP-, IMAP-, POP3-servere og -klienter, moduler til integration med forskellige web-rammev\u00e6rk, WebSocket- og Ajax-h\u00e5ndterere, forbindelser til databaser (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MongoDB), templating-motorer, CSS-motorer, implementeringer af kryptografiske algoritmer og godkendelsessystemer (OAuth), XML-analysatorer.<\/p>\n<p> For at sikre behandling af et stort antal parallelle anmodninger anvender Node.js en asynkron kodek\u00f8rselsmodel baseret p\u00e5 h\u00e6ndelsesh\u00e5ndtering i ikke-blokerende tilstand og bestemmelse af callback-h\u00e5ndterere. Som metoder til multiplexing af forbindelser underst\u00f8ttes metoder som epoll, kqueue, \/dev\/poll og select. Til multiplexing af forbindelser bruges biblioteket <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/libuv\/libuv\">libuv<\/a><\/noindex>, som er et lag oven p\u00e5 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/software.schmorp.de\/pkg\/libev.html\">libev<\/a><\/noindex> i Unix-systemer og IOCP i Windows. For at oprette en tr\u00e5dpool (thread pool) anvendes biblioteket <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/software.schmorp.de\/pkg\/libeio.html\">libeio<\/a><\/noindex>, til at udf\u00f8re DNS-anmodninger i ikke-blokerende tilstand er integreret <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/c-ares.haxx.se\/\">c-ares<\/a><\/noindex>. Alle systemopkald, der for\u00e5rsager blokering, udf\u00f8res inden for tr\u00e5dpoolen og sender derefter, ligesom signalh\u00e5ndtererne, resultatet af deres arbejde tilbage via et anonymt r\u00f8r (pipe). Udf\u00f8relsen af JavaScript-kode sikres gennem brugen af den motor, der er udviklet af Google, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/v8\/\">V8<\/a><\/noindex> (yderligere udvikler Microsoft en version af Node.js med Chakra-Core-motoren).  <\/p>\n<p>I sin essens ligner Node.js rammev\u00e6rkerne <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/search.cpan.org\/dist\/AnyEvent\/\">Perl AnyEvent<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/eventmachine\/eventmachine\">Ruby Event Machine<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/twistedmatrix.com\/\">Python Twisted<\/a><\/noindex> og <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/wiki.tcl.tk\/1527\">implementering.<\/a><\/noindex> begivenheder i Tcl, men h\u00e6ndelsesbehandlingssl\u00f8jfen (event loop) i Node.js er skjult for udvikleren og minder om begivenhedsbehandling i en webapplikation, der k\u00f8rer i en browser. N\u00e5r der skrives applikationer til node.js, er det n\u00f8dvendigt at tage h\u00f8jde for s\u00e6regenhederne ved begivenhedsdrevet programmering, f.eks. i stedet for at udf\u00f8re &#171;var result = db.query(&#171;select..&#187;);&#187; med venten p\u00e5 f\u00e6rdigg\u00f8relse og efterf\u00f8lgende behandling af resultaterne, bruger Node.js princippet om asynkron udf\u00f8relse, dvs. koden transformeres til &#171;db.query(&#171;select..&#187;, function (result) {behandling af resultat});&#187;, hvor kontrollen straks overg\u00e5r til den videre kode, mens resultatet af foresp\u00f8rgslen behandles, efterh\u00e5nden som dataene kommer ind. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52786\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node.js 14.0, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 JavaScript. Node.js 14.0 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 Node.js 14.0 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2023 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 12.0 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 10.0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f 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