{"id":81072,"date":"2020-05-10T19:42:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-10T17:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/razrabotchiki-steka-shriftov-linux-otkazalis-ot-podderzhki-myagkogo-sglazhivaniya"},"modified":"2020-05-10T19:42:00","modified_gmt":"2020-05-10T17:42:00","slug":"razrabotchiki-steka-shriftov-linux-otkazalis-ot-podderzhki-myagkogo-sglazhivaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-steka-shriftov-linux-otkazalis-ot-podderzhki-myagkogo-sglazhivaniya","title":{"rendered":"Udviklerne af Linux-skriftrammen har droppet underst\u00f8ttelsen af bl\u00f8d anti-aliasing","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nogle brugere, der bruger hinting-metoden «hintfull», har muligvis bem\u00e6rket, at overgangen fra version Pango 1.43 til 1.44 kerning<\/a><\/noindex> af visse skrifttyper er blevet forv\u00e6rret<\/a><\/noindex> eller helt<\/a><\/noindex> er brudt<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Udviklerne<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Problemet skyldes, at biblioteksprogrammet Pango<\/a><\/noindex> er g\u00e5et fra at bruge FreeType<\/a><\/noindex> til at indhente kerninginformation (afstanden mellem glypherne) fra skrifttyper til HarfBuzz<\/a><\/noindex>, og udviklerne af sidstn\u00e6vnte har besluttet at ikke underst\u00f8tte<\/a><\/noindex> font smoothing ved hj\u00e6lp af metoden «hintfull». Det bem\u00e6rkes, at p\u00e5 sk\u00e6rme med h\u00f8j pixel-t\u00e6thed (Hi-DPI) opst\u00e5r der ikke problemer med visningen af skrifttyper, n\u00e5r man bruger hinting-metoder, der er forskellige fra «hintfull».<\/p>\n

Svar<\/a><\/noindex> udvikler HarfBuzz (Behdad Esfahbod) fra den relevante diskussion om problemet:<\/p>\n

\n

Jeg har fors\u00f8gt at bruge hinting-stile, der adskiller sig fra hintfull, men kun denne metode giver en skriftvisning, der er t\u00e6t p\u00e5 ClearType v2 i Windows 7, som efter min mening har den bedste rendering af alle eksisterende l\u00f8sninger.<\/i><\/p>\n

Det er korrekt. Derfor har vi besluttet ikke at st\u00f8tte det l\u00e6ngere. Du kan pr\u00f8ve at v\u00e6nne dig til «sl\u00f8ret» rendering eller fors\u00f8ge at finde noget andet. Du bruger jo Open Source, forst\u00e5r du?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Supplering efter yderligere diskussion: <\/p>\n

I efterf\u00f8lgende kommentarer n\u00e6vner udvikleren forklarede<\/a><\/noindex>, at Open Source tilbyder valgmuligheder, og dem, der ikke er tilfredse med den nuv\u00e6rende tilstand, kan oprette en fork af Pango. Udviklerne af HarfBuzz kan dog ikke p\u00e5virke deres vedligeholdelse og de beslutninger, der tr\u00e6ffes der. Behdad Esfahbod, den nuv\u00e6rende vedligeholder af HarfBuzz, som tager f\u00f8rstepladsen i antallet af commits i begge<\/a><\/noindex>
\nJeg var ikke den f\u00f8rste til at f\u00e5 denne id\u00e9. Og det er godt, at der i nogle indl\u00e6g p\u00e5 fora og GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>, n\u00e6vnte, at han ikke har v\u00e6ret tilknyttet Red Hat i over 10 \u00e5r og ikke er vedligeholder af Pango. Siden 2010 har han arbejdet hos Google og arbejder nu udelukkende med HarfBuzz, som tidligere var hans personlige projekt. HarfBuzz kontrollerer ikke<\/a><\/noindex> tegningsprocessen, og Pango kan tilsides\u00e6tte de anmodede hinting-tilstande p\u00e5 sin side. <\/p>\n

En anden HarfBuzz-udvikler , at ingen af de eksisterende compilere producerer bin\u00e6re filer i a.out-format, s\u00e5 der er ingen mening i det l\u00e6ngere.<\/a><\/noindex>, at problemet ligger hos Pango, da HarfBuzz ikke er et system til skriftrendering og ikke underst\u00f8tter hinting efter sin arkitektur. Hvis Pango har brug for at bevare hinting, s\u00e5 er overgangen til HarfBuzz ikke det valg, man kan forvente at f\u00e5 st\u00f8tte til. I kvalitet som<\/a><\/noindex> \u00c5rsagen til at realisere hinting i HarfBuzz er angivet som, at nogle hinting-tilstande f\u00f8rer til \u00e6ndringer i den oprindelige bredde af glyffen, og denne \u00e6ndring afh\u00e6nger af pixelst\u00f8rrelsen. Tidligere udf\u00f8rte Pango s\u00e5danne operationer gennem FreeType, som underst\u00f8ttede hinting, men skiftede derefter til HarfBuzz, som muligg\u00f8r behandling af glyffer uden binding til deres st\u00f8rrelse. Derfor ligger l\u00f8sningen p\u00e5 de problemer, der opstod ved brug af Pango, inden for Pango's ansvar, ikke HarfBuzz's.<\/p>\n

I sidste ende Behdad Esfahbod udgav<\/a><\/noindex> en stor retrospektiv om udviklingen af Linux-fontstakken. Efter hans exit til Google blev bibliotekerne Pango og Cairo n\u00e6sten forladt og kom ind i stagnation. I HarfBuzz blev arbejdet koncentreret om underst\u00f8ttelse af adaptive variable skrifttyper, mens Red Hat fokuserede prim\u00e6rt p\u00e5 GTK og Glib. Med tiden blev fremskridtene inden for variable skrifttyper flyttet til FreeType, fontconfig og Cairo, men blev efterladt uf\u00e6rdige i Pango p\u00e5 grund af mangel p\u00e5 udviklere. Adgang til nye API'er i Pango blev givet gennem abstraktionen FontMap og blev kun underst\u00f8ttet for backends baseret p\u00e5 FreeType. Backends til Windows og macOS har ikke v\u00e6ret vedligeholdt i over 10 \u00e5r. <\/p>\n

Efter eksplosionen af mobile enheder og browsere, stoppede Microsoft i Windows 8 underst\u00f8ttelsen af sub-pixel rendering af skrifttyper og GDI-stil rendering. macOS har altid underst\u00f8ttet den rendering, som i denne diskussion kaldes «sl\u00f8ret». Siden 2018 har flere udviklere fra HarfBuzz fors\u00f8gt at overf\u00f8re de funktioner, der er tilf\u00f8jet de seneste \u00e5r, til Pango. Samtidig blev der i udviklingen af GTK4 skiftet til rendering baseret p\u00e5 OpenGL, som indeb\u00e6rer line\u00e6r skalering af tekst, hvilket forst\u00e6rkede modstanden mellem pixel rendering og skalerbar layout.<\/p>\n

LibreOffice, Chrome og Firefox er g\u00e5et over til at bruge HarfBuzz som en ensartet shaping-motor, p\u00e5 bekostning af at st\u00f8tte raster skrifttyper og Type1-formatet. For raster skrifttyper blev det tilbudt dem, der har brug for dem, at konvertere dem til OpenType-container. Der blev sendt en anmodning til Adobe om implementering af Type1 for HarfBuzz, men de svarede, at der ikke var nogen mening i dette, da de selv stopper med at st\u00f8tte Type1 i \u00e5r. <\/p>\n

For the purpose of catching up with the advanced technologies, a similar decision to transition to HarfBuzz has been made for the Pango library as well. The price of this decision is the discontinuation of support for some outdated technologies that are 20 years old. It is noted that considering the limited resources of the developers, there are not enough hands to cover everything, and those interested in preserving old technologies may try to find someone willing to support the missing functionality. As a comparison, GNOME3 is mentioned; after its release, dissatisfied users were able to continue the development of obsolete GNOME2 technologies within the Mate and Cinnamon projects. The same applies to Pango, but no one has come forward yet.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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