{"id":89477,"date":"2020-07-23T01:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-07-22T23:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu-2-chast"},"modified":"2020-07-23T01:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-07-22T23:42:18","slug":"apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu-2-chast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/administrirovanie\/apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu-2-chast","title":{"rendered":"Apache & Nginx. Forbundet af en k\u00e6de (del 2)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

I sidste uge i f\u00f8rste del<\/a><\/noindex> denne artikel beskrev vi, hvordan kombinationen af Apache og Nginx fungerer i Timeweb. Vi er meget taknemmelige over for l\u00e6serne for deres sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l og aktive diskussioner! I dag fort\u00e6ller vi, hvordan tilg\u00e6ngeligheden af flere versioner af PHP fungerer p\u00e5 \u00e9n server, og hvorfor vi garanterer sikkerheden af vores kunders data.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nVirtuel hosting<\/b> (Delt hosting) indeb\u00e6rer, at mange kundenummer hostes p\u00e5 \u00e9n server. P\u00e5 \u00e9n kundes konto ligger der som regel flere websites. Websites fungerer b\u00e5de p\u00e5 f\u00e6rdige CMS'er (for eksempel Bitrix) og p\u00e5 skr\u00e6ddersyede l\u00f8sninger. Derfor er de tekniske krav forskellige for alle systemer, s\u00e5 det er n\u00f8dvendigt at h\u00e5ndtere flere versioner af PHP p\u00e5 en enkelt server.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nSom vores prim\u00e6re webserver bruger vi Nginx: den modtager alle eksterne forbindelser og leverer statisk indhold. De \u00f8vrige anmodninger bliver derefter proxied videre til webserveren Apache. Her begynder magien: for hver version af PHP k\u00f8rer en separat instans af Apache, som lytter p\u00e5 en bestemt port. Denne port er angivet i den virtuelle v\u00e6rt for kundens website. <\/p>\n

Du kan l\u00e6se mere om Shared-schemas funktion i den f\u00f8rste del af artiklen<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nShared-schema <\/i><\/p>\n

Det er vigtigt at bem\u00e6rke, at vi installerer PHP-pakker til forskellige versioner, da der normalt kun ligger \u00e9n version af PHP i alle distributioner. <\/p>\n

Sikkerhed f\u00f8rst!<\/h4>\n

\nEn af hovedopgaverne ved virtuel hosting er at sikre kundens data. Forskellige konti, selvom de ligger p\u00e5 \u00e9n server, er selvst\u00e6ndige og uafh\u00e6ngige. Hvordan fungerer det?<\/p>\n

Filene til websites opbevares i brugernes hjemmebiblioteker, mens de n\u00f8dvendige stier angives i den virtuelle v\u00e6rt for webserverne. Det er vigtigt, at webserverne, Nginx og Apache, har adgang til de p\u00e5g\u00e6ldende kundefiler, da webserveren kun k\u00f8res af \u00e9n bruger. <\/p>\n

Nginx bruger en sikkerhedspatch udviklet af Timeweb-teamet: denne patch \u00e6ndrer brugeren til den, der er angivet i konfigurationsfilen for webserveren. <\/p>\n

Hos andre hostingudbydere kan dette problem l\u00f8ses ved for eksempel at manipulere med udvidede rettigheder p\u00e5 filsystemet (ACL).<\/p>\n

For Apache anvendes multiprocess modulen mpm-itk<\/a><\/noindex>. Den g\u00f8r det muligt at k\u00f8re hver VirtualHost med sit eget bruger-id og gruppe-id.
\n\"Apache
\nDermed opn\u00e5r vi en sikker isoleret milj\u00f8 for hver kunde takket v\u00e6re de operationer, der er beskrevet ovenfor. Samtidig l\u00f8ser vi ogs\u00e5 skal\u00e9ringsopgaver for Shared-hosting. <\/p>\n

Hvordan forbindelsen mellem Apache og Nginx er implementeret, kan l\u00e6ses i f\u00f8rste del<\/a><\/noindex> vores artikel. Der beskrives desuden en alternativ konfiguration gennem Dedicated-skemaet.<\/p>\n

Hvis du har sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l til vores eksperter, s\u00e5 skriv i kommentarerne. Vi vil fors\u00f8ge at besvare alt eller beskrive l\u00f8sningen mere detaljeret i f\u00f8lgende artikler.
\n
Kilde: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 Apache \u0438 Nginx \u0432 Timeweb. \u041c\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435! \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439 PHP \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c. \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 (Shared-\u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":89478,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Apache & Nginx. 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