{"id":91210,"date":"2020-08-10T01:42:13","date_gmt":"2020-08-09T23:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii"},"modified":"2020-08-10T01:42:13","modified_gmt":"2020-08-09T23:42:13","slug":"1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii","title":{"rendered":"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/34026e07ff4a1fd64227224ca4c96f0d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Situation<\/h3>\n<p>\nJeg har modtaget en demo-version af S-Terra VPN version 4.3 i tre m\u00e5neder. Jeg vil finde ud af, om mit ingeni\u00f8r-liv bliver lettere efter overgangen til den nye version.<\/p>\n<p>I dag er det ikke sv\u00e6rt; en pakke med instant kaffe 3 i 1 skulle v\u00e6re nok. Jeg vil fort\u00e6lle, hvordan man f\u00e5r demo-versioner. Jeg vil fors\u00f8ge at samle GRE-over-IPsec og IPsec-over-GRE skjemaer.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Hvordan man f\u00e5r en demo-version<\/h3>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/0c5482e01684b8c7b3e35fb9c473b475.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nFra diagrammet fremg\u00e5r det, at for at f\u00e5 en demo-version, skal man:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Skrive en e-mail til presale@s-terra.ru fra en arbejdsmailadresse;<\/li>\n<li>Angive CVR-nummeret for din organisation i e-mailen;<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e6vne produkterne og deres antal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDemo-versioner er gyldige i tre m\u00e5neder. Leverand\u00f8ren begr\u00e6nser ikke deres funktionalitet. <\/p>\n<h3>Jeg opretter billedet<\/h3>\n<p>\nDemo-versionen af sikkerhedsgatewayen er et billede af en virtuel maskine. Jeg bruger VMWare Workstation. Den fulde liste over underst\u00f8ttede hypervisorer og virtualiseringsmilj\u00f8er er placeret p\u00e5 leverand\u00f8rens hjemmeside. <\/p>\n<p>F\u00f8r jeg g\u00e5r i gang, skal jeg bem\u00e6rke, at der som standard ikke er netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader i billedet af den virtuelle maskine: <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/b1ffa5f27aae9744fc24a91b709794d6.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nLogikken er klar, brugeren skal tilf\u00f8je s\u00e5 mange gr\u00e6nseflader, som han har brug for. Jeg vil tilf\u00f8je fire med det samme:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/626f2e1ba04babd37373298d650b210d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNu starter jeg den virtuelle maskine. Lige efter starten kr\u00e6ver gatewayen login og password. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>I S-Terra Gateway er der flere konsoller med forskellige konti. Jeg vil t\u00e6lle dem i en separat artikel. Indtil da:<br \/>\n<code>Log ind som: administrator<br \/>\nAdgangskode: s-terra<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nJeg initierer gatewayen. Initiering er en sekvens af handlinger: indtastning af licens, ops\u00e6tning af en biologisk tilf\u00e6ldighedsgenerator (tastaturtr\u00e6ner \u2013 min rekord er 27 sekunder) og oprettelse af kort over netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader.<\/p>\n<h3>Kort over netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader. Det er blevet lettere<\/h3>\n<p>\nVersion 4.2 b\u00f8d aktive brugere velkommen med beskeder:<\/p>\n<p><code>Start af IPsec-daemon..... mislykkedes<br \/>\nFEJL: Kunne ikke oprette forbindelse til daemon<\/code><\/p>\n<p><i>Aktiv bruger (if\u00f8lge en anonym ingeni\u00f8r) \u2013 en bruger, der er i stand til at konfigurere hvad som helst hurtigt og uden dokumentation.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Der gik noget galt, allerede f\u00f8r fors\u00f8gene p\u00e5 at konfigurere IP-adressen p\u00e5 gr\u00e6nsefladen. Alt var et sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l om kortet over netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader. Det skulle udf\u00f8res:<\/p>\n<p><code>\/bin\/netifcfg enum &gt; \/home\/map<br \/>\n\/bin\/netifcfg map \/home\/map<br \/>\ngenstart netv\u00e6rkstjenesten<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Resultatet er et kort over netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader, der indeholder mapping af navne p\u00e5 fysiske gr\u00e6nseflader (0000:02:03.0) og deres logiske betegnelse i operativsystemet (eth0) og Cisco-lignende konsol (FastEthernet0\/0):<\/p>\n<p><code>#Unique ID iface type OS name Cisco-like name<\/p>\n<p>0000:02:03.0 phye eth0 FastEthernet0\/0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>De logiske betegnelser for gr\u00e6nseflader kaldes aliaser. Aliaser opbevares i filen \/etc\/ifaliases.cf. <br \/>\nI version 4.3 oprettes interfacekortet automatisk ved f\u00f8rste opstart af den virtuelle maskine. Hvis du \u00e6ndrer antallet af netv\u00e6rksinterfaces i den virtuelle maskine, er du venligst n\u00f8dt til at oprette interfacekortet p\u00e5 ny:<\/p>\n<p><code>\/bin\/netifcfg enum &gt; \/home\/map<br \/>\n\/bin\/netifcfg map \/home\/map<br \/>\nsystemctl genstart networking<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>Diagram 1: GRE-over-IPsec<\/h3>\n<p>\nJeg ops\u00e6tter to virtuelle gateways og forbinder dem som vist p\u00e5 billedet:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/bf3b085f6874d04043511ef262979a39.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Trin 1. Konfigurerer IP-adresser og ruter<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config) #\ninterface fa0\/0\nip address 172.16.1.253 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\ninterface fa0\/1\nip address 192.168.1.253 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\nip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG2(config) #\ninterface fa0\/0\nip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\ninterface fa0\/1\nip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\nip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.253<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg tjekker IP-forbindelsen:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 172.16.1.254 -c 4\nPING 172.16.1.254 (172.16.1.254) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.545 ms\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.657 ms\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.687 ms\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.273 ms\n\n--- 172.16.1.254 ping-statistik ---\n4 pakker sendt, 4 modtaget, 0% pakke tab, tid 3005ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 0.273\/0.540\/0.687\/0.164 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><b>Trin 2. Konfigurerer GRE<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jeg tager GRE-konfigurationen fra de officielle scripts. Jeg opretter filen gre1 i mappen \/etc\/network\/interfaces.d med indholdet.<\/p>\n<p>For VG1:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">auto gre1\niface gre1 inet static\naddress 1.1.1.1\nnetmask 255.255.255.252\npre-up ip tunnel add gre1 mode gre remote 172.16.1.254 local 172.16.1.253 key 1 ttl 64 tos inherit\npre-up ethtool -K gre1 tx off &gt; \/dev\/null\npre-up ip link set gre1 mtu 1400\npost-down ip link del gre1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFor VG2:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">auto gre1\niface gre1 inet static\naddress 1.1.1.2\nnetmask 255.255.255.252\npre-up ip tunnel add gre1 mode gre remote 172.16.1.253 local 172.16.1.254 key 1 ttl 64 tos inherit\npre-up ethtool -K gre1 tx off &gt; \/dev\/null\npre-up ip link set gre1 mtu 1400\npost-down ip link del gre1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg aktiverer interfaced i systemet:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ifup gre1\nroot@VG2:~# ifup gre1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg tjekker:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ip address show\n8: gre1@NONE:  mtu 1400 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1\n    link\/gre 172.16.1.253 peer 172.16.1.254\n    inet 1.1.1.1\/30 brd 1.1.1.3 scope global gre1\n       valid_lft for evigt foretrukken_lft for evigt\n\nroot@VG1:~# ip tunnel show\ngre0: gre\/ip remote any local any ttl inherit nopmtudisc\ngre1: gre\/ip remote 172.16.1.254 local 172.16.1.253 ttl 64 tos inherit key 1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nI C-Terra Gateway er der en indbygget paketsniffer \u2014 tcpdump. Jeg vil optage trafikdumpen i en pcap-fil:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG2:~# tcpdump -i eth0 -w \/home\/dump.pcap<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg starter ping mellem GRE-interface:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 1.1.1.2 -c 4\nPING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.918 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.850 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.918 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.974 ms\n\n--- 1.1.1.2 ping-statistik ---\n4 pakker sendt, 4 modtaget, 0% pakke tab, tid 3006ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 0.850\/0.915\/0.974\/0.043 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nGRE-tunnelen er aktiv og fungerer:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/0b56c02e36d1dd17b42e3fadcffb6193.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Trin 3. Krypterer GRE med GOST<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jeg angiver identifikationstypen \u2013 baseret p\u00e5 adresse. Godkendelse med en forudbestemt n\u00f8gle (if\u00f8lge Brugsbetingelserne skal digitale certifikater bruges):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto isakmp identity address\ncrypto isakmp key KEY address 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg angiver IPsec Phase I parametre:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto isakmp policy 1\nencr gost\nhash gost3411-256-tc26\nauth pre-share\ngroup vko2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg angiver IPsec Phase II parametre:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto ipsec transform-set TSET esp-gost28147-4m-imit\nmode tunnel<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg opretter en adgangsliste til kryptering. M\u00e5ltrafik \u2014 GRE:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\nip access-list extended LIST\npermit gre host 172.16.1.253 host 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg opretter en kryptokort og binder den til WAN-interfacet:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto map CMAP 1 ipsec-isakmp\nmatch address LIST\nset transform-set TSET\nset peer 172.16.1.253\ninterface fa0\/0\n  crypto map CMAP<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFor VG2 er konfigurationen spejlet, med forskelle:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG2(config)#\ncrypto isakmp key KEY address 172.16.1.253\nip access-list extended LIST\npermit gre host 172.16.1.254 host 172.16.1.253\ncrypto map CMAP 1 ipsec-isakmp\nset peer 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg tjekker:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG2:~# tcpdump -i eth0 -w \/home\/dump2.pcap<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 1.1.1.2 -c 4\nPING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1128 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=126 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.12 ms\n\n--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistik ---\n4 pakker sendt, 4 modtaget, 0% pakken tabt, tid 3006ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 1.077\/314.271\/1128.419\/472.826 ms, pipe 2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nISAKMP\/IPsec statistik:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# sa_mgr show\nISAKMP sessioner: 0 initieret, 0 reageret\n\nISAKMP forbindelser:\nNum Conn-id (Lokal Addr,Port)-(Fjern Addr,Port) Tilstand Sendt Modtaget\n1 1 (172.16.1.253,500)-(172.16.1.254,500) aktiv 1086 1014\n\nIPsec forbindelser:\nNum Conn-id (Lokal Addr,Port)-(Fjern Addr,Port) Protokol Handling Type Sendt Modtaget\n1 1 (172.16.1.253,*)-(172.16.1.254,*) 47 ESP tunn 480 480<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nI dumpen af trafik er der ingen GRE pakker:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/cf96619cb4224cbf4da7c15db73587c7.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKonklusion: GRE-over-IPsec ops\u00e6tningen fungerer korrekt.<\/p>\n<h3>Diagram 1.5: IPsec-over-GRE<\/h3>\n<p>\nJeg planl\u00e6gger ikke at bruge IPsec-over-GRE i netv\u00e6rket. Jeg samler det, fordi jeg har lyst. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/98909280d82184278e23f2c38b90947d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nFor at implementere GRE-over-IPsec omvendt skal jeg:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rette adgangslisten til kryptering \u2013 m\u00e5ltrafik fra LAN1 til LAN2 og omvendt;<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurere routning gennem GRE;<\/li>\n<li>Binde kryptokortet til GRE-interfacet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSom standard er der ingen GRE-interface i Cisco-lignende konsol p\u00e5 gatewayen. Det eksisterer kun i operativsystemet. <\/p>\n<p>Jeg tilf\u00f8jer GRE-interface til Cisco-lignende konsol. For at g\u00f8re dette redigerer jeg filen \/etc\/ifaliases.cf:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">interface (name=\"FastEthernet0\/0\" pattern=\"eth0\")\ninterface (name=\"FastEthernet0\/1\" pattern=\"eth1\")\ninterface (name=\"FastEthernet0\/2\" pattern=\"eth2\")\ninterface (name=\"FastEthernet0\/3\" pattern=\"eth3\")\ninterface (name=\"Tunnel0\" pattern=\"gre1\")\ninterface (name=\"default\" pattern=\"*\")<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nhvor gre1 er betegnelsen for interface i operativsystemet, Tunnel0 er betegnelsen for interface i Cisco-lignende konsol.<\/p>\n<p>Jeg tjekker filens hash:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# integr_mgr calc -f \/etc\/ifaliases.cf\n\nSUCCESS:  Operation was successful.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nNu er interface Tunnel0 dukket op i Cisco-lignende konsol:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1# show run\ninterface Tunnel0\nip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252\nmtu 1400<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg retter adgangslisten til kryptering:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\nip access-list extended LIST\npermit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJeg konfigurerer routning gennem GRE:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\nno ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.254\nip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFjerner kryptokortet fra Fa0\/0 og tilknytter det til GRE-interfacet:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ninterface Tunnel0\ncrypto map CMAP<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFor VG2 er det det samme.<\/p>\n<p>Jeg tjekker:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG2:~# tcpdump -i eth0 -w \/home\/dump3.pcap<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 192.168.2.254 -I 192.168.1.253 -c 4\nPING 192.168.2.254 (192.168.2.254) fra 192.168.1.253 : 56(84) bytes data.\n64 bytes fra 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 tid=492 ms\n64 bytes fra 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 tid=1.08 ms\n64 bytes fra 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 tid=1.06 ms\n64 bytes fra 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 tid=1.07 ms\n\n--- 192.168.2.254 ping-statistik ---\n4 pakker sendt, 4 modtaget, 0% pakke tabt, tid 3006ms\nrtt min\/gennemsn.\/maks\/mdev = 1.064\/124.048\/492.972\/212.998 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ISAKMP\/IPsec statistik:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# sa_mgr show\nISAKMP sessioner: 0 initieret, 0 besvaret\n\nISAKMP forbindelser:\nNum Conn-id (Lokal Addr,Port)-(Fjern Addr,Port) Status Sendt Modtaget\n1 2 (172.16.1.253,500)-(172.16.1.254,500) aktiv 1094 1022\n\nIPsec forbindelser:\nNum Conn-id (Lokal Addr,Port)-(Fjern Addr,Port) Protokol Handling Type Sendt Modtaget\n1 2 (192.168.1.0-192.168.1.255,*)-(192.168.2.0-192.168.2.255,*) * ESP tunn 352 352<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nI trafikdumpen er ESP-pakker indkapslet i GRE:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 ordninger p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. Jeg tester demo-versioner.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/068865544de126a1673c6fb7b6367ffd.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nOutput: IPsec-over-GRE fungerer korrekt.<\/p>\n<h3>Resum\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u00c9n kop kaffe var nok. Jeg har skrevet en instruktion til at f\u00e5 en demo-version. Jeg har sat GRE-over-IPsec op og udrullet det omvendt.<\/p>\n<p>Kort over netv\u00e6rksgr\u00e6nseflader i version 4.3 er automatisk! Jeg tester videre.<\/p>\n<p><i>Anonym ingeni\u00f8r<br \/>\nt.me\/anonimous_engineer<\/i><br \/>\n<br \/>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/514190\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u042f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0421-\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0430 VPN \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 4.3 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430. \u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435 3 \u0432 1 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b GRE-over-IPsec \u0438 IPsec-over-GRE. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0418\u0437 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":91211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd471.5 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c IPsec VPN. \u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-09T23:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-08-09T23:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd471.5 skemaer p\u00e5 indenlandsk IPsec VPN. 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