{"id":94771,"date":"2020-09-21T13:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predstavlena-platforma-precursor-dlya-sozdaniya-svobodnyh-mobilnyh-ustrojstv"},"modified":"2020-09-21T13:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:42:19","slug":"predstavlena-platforma-precursor-dlya-sozdaniya-svobodnyh-mobilnyh-ustrojstv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/predstavlena-platforma-precursor-dlya-sozdaniya-svobodnyh-mobilnyh-ustrojstv","title":{"rendered":"Platformen Precursor til opbygning af frie mobile enheder er pr\u00e6senteret","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Anders Huang (Andrew Huang<\/a><\/noindex>), en anerkendt aktivist for fremme af ideer om fri hardware, modtager af EFF Pioneer Award 2012<\/a><\/noindex>, den<\/a><\/noindex> den \u00e5bne platform «Precursor<\/a><\/noindex>«, designet til at skabe koncepter for nye mobile enheder. Ligesom Raspberry Pi og Arduino g\u00f8r det muligt at lave enheder til Internet of Things, er Precursor rettet mod at give brugerne muligheden for at designe og samle deres egne mobile enheder til at l\u00f8se deres opgaver.<\/p>\n

I mods\u00e6tning til andre projekter tilbyder Precursor entusiaster ikke bare et board, men en f\u00e6rdig prototype af en b\u00e6rbar enhed med et aluminiumsgab, der m\u00e5ler 69 x 138 x 7,2 mm, et LCD-sk\u00e6rm (336×536), et batteri (1100 mAh Li-Ion), et miniaturetastatur, en h\u00f8jttaler, en vibrationsmotor, et accelerometer og et gyroskop. Beregningsmodulet leveres ikke med en f\u00e6rdig processor, men med en programmerbar SoC baseret p\u00e5 FPGA Xilinx XC7S50, hvor emuleringen af en 32-bit CPU RISC-V k\u00f8rer p\u00e5 100 MHz. Der er ingen begr\u00e6nsninger for emulering af andre hardwarekomponenter, for eksempel kan emuleringen af forskellige processorer fra 6502 og Z-80 til AVR og ARM samt lydchips og forskellige controllere organiseres. Boardet inkluderer 16 MB SRAM, 128 MB Flash, Wi-Fi Silicon Labs WF200C, USB type C, SPI, I\u00b2C, GPIO.<\/p>\n

\"Platformen<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Blandt sikkerhedsfunktionerne kan n\u00e6vnes tilstedev\u00e6relsen af to hardware-genererede pseudotilf\u00e6ldige tal. Interessant nok leveres enheden principielt uden en indbygget mikrofon \u2014 det foruds\u00e6ttes, at lydoptagelse kun er mulig ved eksplicit tilslutning af hovedtelefoner, og hvis hovedtelefonerne er frakoblet, er det fysisk umuligt at organisere aflytning, selvom enhedens software er blevet kompromitteret. <\/p>\n

Chippet til tr\u00e5dl\u00f8s forbindelse (Wi-Fi) er hardwareisoleret fra resten af platformen og fungerer i et separat milj\u00f8. For at beskytte mod uautoriseret adgang anvendes ogs\u00e5 et l\u00e5st kabinet, separat RTC til at overv\u00e5ge integriteten, overv\u00e5gning af bev\u00e6gelse i standbytilstand (accelerometeret og gyroskopet er altid aktive). Der er ogs\u00e5 en selvdestruktionsk\u00e6de og hurtig sletning af alle data, aktiveret ved hj\u00e6lp af en AES-n\u00f8gle.<\/p>\n

Til beskrivelse af hardwarekomponenterne anvendes FHDL-sproget Migen<\/a><\/noindex> (Fragmented Hardware Description Language), baseret p\u00e5 Python. Migen er en del af rammev\u00e6rket LiteX<\/a><\/noindex>, der giver infrastrukturen til at skabe elektroniske kredsl\u00f8b. Baseret p\u00e5 Precursor og ved hj\u00e6lp af FPGA og LiteX er der udviklet en reference SoC Betrusted<\/a><\/noindex>, som inkluderer en 100 MHz CPU VexRISC-V RV32IMAC samt en indbygget controller
\nBetrusted-EC med en 18 MHz LiteX VexRISC-V RV32I-kerne.
\n

\"Platformen<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

I SoC Betrusted findes der et indbygget s\u00e6t af kryptografiske primitiv, s\u00e5som en genererer af pseudofor\u00e6gnede tal, AES-128, -192, -256 med ECB, CBC og CTR tilstande, SHA-2 og SHA-512, kryptoenhed<\/a><\/noindex> baseret p\u00e5 elliptiske kurver Curve25519. Kryptoenheden er skrevet i SystemVerilog og er baseret p\u00e5 kryptokernene fra projektet Google OpenTitan<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Precursor markedsf\u00f8res som en platform til opbygning og verifikation af prototyper, mens Betrusted er et af de klarte mobile enheder, der er bygget p\u00e5 Precursor. Da traditionelle enclaves, der anvendes til isoleret opbevaring af kryptografiske n\u00f8gler, ikke beskytter mod h\u00f8jniveauangreb som passwordindsamling ved hj\u00e6lp af keyloggere eller adgang til meddelelser gennem sk\u00e6rmfangst, er der i Betrusted implementeret interaktionselementer med brugeren (HCI<\/a><\/noindex>, Human-Computer Interaction), der sikrer, at hemmelige data, som en person kan l\u00e6se, aldrig vil blive gemt, vist eller sendt udenfor den beskyttede enhed. <\/p>\n

Betrusted fors\u00f8ger ikke at erstatte en mobiltelefon, men danner blot en beskyttet enclave med ind- og uddata, der er tilg\u00e6ngelige for revision. For eksempel kan en ekstern smartphone bruges via Wi-Fi som en usikker datakanal, men de overf\u00f8rte krypterede beskeder indtastes kun p\u00e5 den indbyggede tastatur p\u00e5 Betrusted-enheden, mens modtagne beskeder kun vises p\u00e5 den indbyggede sk\u00e6rm.<\/p>\n

Alle komponenter i Precursor og Betrusted er \u00e5bne og tilg\u00e6ngelige for modificering og eksperimentering under licensen Open Hardware Licence 1.2<\/a><\/noindex>, som kr\u00e6ver, at alle afledte v\u00e6rker offentligg\u00f8res under den samme licens. Derudover er skemaer<\/a><\/noindex> og den fulde projekt dokumentation af hoved- og hj\u00e6lpeboards<\/a><\/noindex>, den f\u00e6rdige implementering SoC Betrusted<\/a><\/noindex> og kontrolenhed<\/a><\/noindex> (EC<\/a><\/noindex>). Modeller til 3D-print af kabinetterne er tilg\u00e6ngelige. I form af \u00e5bne projekter udvikles ogs\u00e5 en r\u00e6kke firmware<\/a><\/noindex> og specialiseret operativsystem<\/a><\/noindex> Xous baseret p\u00e5 et mikrokerne.<\/p>\n

\"Platformen<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u042d\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044e \u0425\u0443\u0430\u043d (Andrew Huang), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 EFF Pioneer Award 2012, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 «Precursor«, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a Raspberry Pi \u0438 Arduino \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439, Precursor \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":94772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Pr\u00e6senteret: Precursor-platformen til oprettelse af frie mobile enheder | ProHoster","description":"Andrew Huang, en kendt aktivist for fremme af id\u00e9er om frit hardware, har modtaget en 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