{"id":94799,"date":"2020-09-22T01:41:57","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T23:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-rf-namereny-zapretit-protokoly-pozvolyayushhie-skryt-imya-sajta"},"modified":"2020-09-22T01:41:57","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T23:41:57","slug":"v-rf-namereny-zapretit-protokoly-pozvolyayushhie-skryt-imya-sajta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/v-rf-namereny-zapretit-protokoly-pozvolyayushhie-skryt-imya-sajta","title":{"rendered":"I Rusland har man til hensigt at forbyde protokoller, der g\u00f8r det muligt at skjule webstedets navn","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Startede <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/regulation.gov.ru\/projects#npa=108513\">offentlig h\u00f8ring<\/a><\/noindex> juraftalen om \u00e6ndringer til den f\u00f8derale lov &#171;Om information, informationsteknologier og beskyttelse af information&#187;, udarbejdet af Ministeriet for digital udvikling, kommunikation og massekommunikation. Det foresl\u00e5s at indf\u00f8re et forbud mod brugen af &#171;krypteringsprotokoller, der kan skjule navnet (identifikatoren) &#8206;for internet-siden eller webstedet p\u00e5 internettet, undtagen i tilf\u00e6lde, der er fastsat i lovgivningen i Den Russiske F\u00f8deration&#187;. <\/p>\n<p>For overtr\u00e6delse af forbuddet mod brug af krypteringsprotokoller, der muligg\u00f8r skjulning af webstedets navn, foresl\u00e5s det at suspendere funktionen af internetressourcen senest 1 (\u00e9n) arbejdsdag fra opdagelsen af denne overtr\u00e6delse af det kompetente f\u00f8derale organ for den ud\u00f8vende magt. Hovedform\u00e5let med blokeringen er TLS-udvidelsen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/draft-ietf-tls-esni-07\">ECH<\/a><\/noindex> (tidligere kendt som ESNI), som kan anvendes sammen med TLS 1.3 og allerede <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53520\">er blokeret<\/a><\/noindex> i Kina. Da formuleringerne i lovforslaget er uklare og der mangler konkrete detaljer, kan n\u00e6sten alle protokoller, der sikrer fuld kryptering af kommunikationskanalen, formelt falde ind under blokeringen, herunder protokoller <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49271\">DNS over HTTPS<\/a><\/noindex> (DoH) og <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48443\">DNS over TLS<\/a><\/noindex> (DoT).<\/p>\n<p>Vi minder om, at der tidligere blev udviklet en SNI-udvidelse for at muligg\u00f8re drift af flere HTTPS-websteder p\u00e5 \u00e9n IP-adresse, som sender v\u00e6rtens navn i klar tekst i ClientHello-beskeden, der sendes f\u00f8r etablering af den krypterede kommunikationskanal. En s\u00e5dan funktion g\u00f8r det muligt for internetudbyderen selektivt at filtrere HTTPS-trafik og analysere, hvilke websteder brugeren \u00e5bner, hvilket ikke muligg\u00f8r fuld fortrolighed, n\u00e5r der anvendes HTTPS. <\/p>\n<p>ECH\/ESNI forhindrer fuldst\u00e6ndigt l\u00e6kage af information om den anmodede hjemmeside ved analyse af HTTPS-forbindelser. I kombination med adgang gennem et indholdleveringsnetv\u00e6rk muligg\u00f8r brugen af ECH\/ESNI ogs\u00e5 at skjule IP-adressen for den anmodede ressource fra udbyderen \u2014 trafikinspektionssystemer ser kun henvisninger til CDN og kan ikke anvende blokering uden at \u00e6ndre TLS-sessionen, i hvilket tilf\u00e6lde brugeren vil se en tilsvarende meddelelse om certifikat\u00e6ndringen i deres browser. Hvis der indf\u00f8res et forbud mod ECH\/ESNI for at im\u00f8deg\u00e5 en s\u00e5dan mulighed, kan det kun hj\u00e6lpe med at begr\u00e6nse adgangen til indholdleveringsnetv\u00e6rk (CDN), der underst\u00f8tter ECH\/ESNI, ellers vil blokeringen v\u00e6re ineffektiv og let kunne omg\u00e5s ved hj\u00e6lp af CDN.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e5r ECH\/ESNI anvendes, overf\u00f8res v\u00e6rtens navn, ligesom i SNI, i ClientHello-beskeden, men indholdet af de data, der sendes i denne besked, er krypteret. Krypteringen bruger en hemmelighed beregnet p\u00e5 baggrund af serverens og klientens n\u00f8gler. For at dekryptere den opfangede eller modtagne v\u00e6rdi af ECH\/ESNI-feltet er det n\u00f8dvendigt at kende den private n\u00f8gle fra klienten eller serveren (plus de offentlige n\u00f8gler fra serveren eller klienten). Oplysninger om de offentlige n\u00f8gler overf\u00f8res for servern\u00f8glen i DNS, og for klientn\u00f8glen i ClientHello-beskeden. Dekryptering er ogs\u00e5 mulig ved hj\u00e6lp af den f\u00e6lles hemmelighed, der er aftalt under etableringen af TLS-forbindelsen, som kun er kendt af klienten og serveren. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53756\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d &#171;\u041e\u0431 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438&#187;, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#171;\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043c\u044f (\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440) &#8206;\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 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