{"id":99712,"date":"2021-04-13T16:22:45","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T14:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-vo-freebsd-ipnet-i-nucleus-net-svyazannye-s-oshibkami-pri-realizaczii-szhatiya-v-dns"},"modified":"2021-04-13T16:22:45","modified_gmt":"2021-04-13T14:22:45","slug":"uyazvimosti-vo-freebsd-ipnet-i-nucleus-net-svyazannye-s-oshibkami-pri-realizaczii-szhatiya-v-dns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-vo-freebsd-ipnet-i-nucleus-net-svyazannye-s-oshibkami-pri-realizaczii-szhatiya-v-dns","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e5rbarheder i FreeBSD, IPnet og Nucleus NET relateret til fejl i implementeringen af komprimering i DNS.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Forescout Research Labs og JSOF Research har offentliggjort resultaterne af et f\u00e6lles sikkerhedsstudie af forskellige implementeringer af kompressionsmetoden, der anvendes til at pakke gentagne navne i DNS-beskeder, mDNS, DHCP og IPv6 RA (pakning af duplikerede dele af dom\u00e6ner i beskeder, der indeholder flere navne). I l\u00f8bet af arbejdet blev der identificeret 9 s\u00e5rbarheder, der er sammenfattet under kodenavnet NAME:WRECK.     <\/p>\n<p>Problemerne er blevet identificeret i FreeBSD, samt i netv\u00e6rkssystemerne IPnet, Nucleus NET og NetX, der er anvendt i realtidsoperativsystemerne VxWorks, Nucleus og ThreadX, som bruges i automatiseringsenheder, lagerl\u00f8sninger, medicinsk udstyr, avionik, printere og forbrugerelektronik. Det antages, at s\u00e5rbarhederne p\u00e5virker mindst 100 millioner enheder.      <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00e5rbarheden i FreeBSD (CVE-2020-7461) gjorde det muligt for en angriber, der var p\u00e5 samme lokale netv\u00e6rk som offeret, at udf\u00f8re sin kode ved at sende et specifikt udformet DHCP-pakke, hvis behandling af det s\u00e5rbare DHCP-klient medf\u00f8rte en bufferoverl\u00f8b. Det blev lettet af, at dhclient-processen, der indeholdt s\u00e5rbarheden, blev k\u00f8rt med reducerede rettigheder i et isoleret Capsicum-milj\u00f8, hvor det kr\u00e6vede at afsl\u00f8re en anden s\u00e5rbarhed for at komme ud.\n<p>Fejlen skyldes en forkert kontrol af parametre i den pakke, som DHCP-serveren returnerer med 119-optionen, der tillader overf\u00f8rsel af en liste over \"domain search\" til resolveren. Forkert beregning af st\u00f8rrelsen p\u00e5 bufferen, der er n\u00f8dvendig for at rumme de udpakkede <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/domain\/\"   title=\"domenenavne\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"908\">domenenavne<\/a>, hvilket f\u00f8rte til, at kontrolleret information fra angriberen blev skrevet uden for den tildelte buffer. Problemet i FreeBSD blev l\u00f8st allerede i september sidste \u00e5r. Problemet kan kun udnyttes ved adgang til det lokale netv\u00e6rk.          <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00e5rbarheden i den indlejrede netv\u00e6rksstack IPnet, der anvendes i RTOS VxWorks, g\u00f8r det potentielt muligt at udf\u00f8re kode p\u00e5 DNS-klientens side som f\u00f8lge af forkert behandling af komprimering af DNS-beskeder. Det viste sig, at denne s\u00e5rbarhed f\u00f8rst blev identificeret af virksomheden Exodus allerede i 2016, men den blev aldrig rettet. Den nye henvendelse til virksomheden Wind River blev ogs\u00e5 um\u00f8dt, og enheder med IPnet forbliver s\u00e5rbare.\n<li class=\"l\"> I TCP\/IP-stakken Nucleus NET, der underst\u00f8ttes af Siemens, er der identificeret 6 s\u00e5rbarheder, hvoraf to kunne f\u00f8re til fjernudf\u00f8relse af kode, og fire til at initiere et tjenesteafbrud. Det f\u00f8rste farlige problem er relateret til en fejl under udpakkning af komprimerede DNS-meldinger, mens det andet handler om forkert parsing af dom\u00e6nenavne. Begge problemer f\u00f8rer til buffer overflow ved behandlingen af specielt udformede DNS-svar.\n<p>For at udnytte s\u00e5rbarhederne skal en angriber blot sende et specielt udformet svar p\u00e5 enhver legitim anmodning sendt fra den s\u00e5rbare enhed, for eksempel ved at udf\u00f8re en MITM-attack og infiltrere trafikken mellem DNS-serveren og offeret. Hvis angriberen har adgang til det lokale netv\u00e6rk, kan han ops\u00e6tte en DNS-server, som fors\u00f8ger at angrebe de problematiske enheder ved at sende mDNS-anmodninger i broadcast.    <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00e5rbarheden i netv\u00e6rksstakken NetX (Azure RTOS NetX), udviklet til ThreadX RTOS og offentliggjort i 2019 efter overtagelsen af Microsoft, resulterede i et tjenesteafbrud. Problemet stammer fra en fejl i parsing af komprimerede DNS-meldinger i implementeringen af resolveren.      <\/ul>\n<p>Blandt de gennemg\u00e5ede netv\u00e6rksstakke, hvor der ikke er fundet s\u00e5rbarheder relateret til komprimering af gentagne data i DNS-meldinger, er projekterne lwIP, Nut\/Net, Zephyr, uC\/TCP-IP, FreeRTOS+TCP, OpenThread og FNET. Heraf underst\u00f8tter de f\u00f8rste to (Nut\/Net og lwIP) slet ikke komprimering i DNS-meldinger, mens de \u00f8vrige implementerer denne operation uden fejl. Desuden bem\u00e6rkes det, at tidligere de samme forskere allerede havde identificeret lignende s\u00e5rbarheder i stakene Treck, uIP og PicoTCP.<br \/>\n<br \/>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=54961\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b Forescout Research Labs \u0438 JSOF Research \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 DNS, mDNS, DHCP \u0438 IPv6 RA (\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d). \u0412 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e 9 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c NAME:WRECK. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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i.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-vo-freebsd-ipnet-i-nucleus-net-svyazannye-s-oshibkami-pri-realizaczii-szhatiya-v-dns","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"da_DK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e FreeBSD, IPnet \u0438 Nucleus NET, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f 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