{"id":99983,"date":"2021-04-22T16:23:36","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T14:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-nachal-testirovanie-podderzhki-zapuska-gui-prilozhenij-linux-v-windows"},"modified":"2021-04-22T16:23:36","modified_gmt":"2021-04-22T14:23:38","slug":"microsoft-nachal-testirovanie-podderzhki-zapuska-gui-prilozhenij-linux-v-windows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/microsoft-nachal-testirovanie-podderzhki-zapuska-gui-prilozhenij-linux-v-windows","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft er begyndt at teste underst\u00f8ttelsen af at k\u00f8re GUI-applikationer fra Linux i Windows","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Microsoft har annonceret begyndelsen p\u00e5 testningen af muligheden for at k\u00f8re Linux-applikationer med grafisk interface i milj\u00f8er baseret p\u00e5 WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux), der er designet til at k\u00f8re Linux-k\u00f8rbare filer i Windows. Applikationerne integreres fuldst\u00e6ndigt med Windows-hovedskrivbordet, inklusive underst\u00f8ttelse af placering af genveje i Start-menuen, lydafspilning, mikrofonoptagelse, hardwareacceleration af OpenGL, visning af programinformation p\u00e5 proceslinjen, skift mellem programmer med Alt-Tab, samt kopiering af data mellem Windows- og Linux-programmer via udklipsholderen.

\"Microsoft<\/center> <\/p>\n

For at organisere output af Linux-applikationernes interface til hovedskrivbordet i Windows benyttes Microsofts udviklede kompositmanager RAIL-Shell, som anvender Wayland-protokollen og er baseret p\u00e5 Weston-kodebasen. Output foreg\u00e5r ved hj\u00e6lp af RDP-RAIL backend (RDP Remote Application Integrated Locally), som adskiller sig fra den tidligere tilg\u00e6ngelige RDP backend i Weston ved, at kompositmanageren ikke selv udf\u00f8rer tegningen af skrivebordet, men omdirigerer separate overflader (wl_surface) via RDP RAIL-kanalen til visning p\u00e5 Windows-hovedskrivbordet. For at k\u00f8re X11-applikationer anvendes XWayland.

\"Microsoft<\/center> <\/p>\n

Lydoutput er organiseret ved hj\u00e6lp af server<\/a> PulseAudio, som ogs\u00e5 interagerer med Windows via RDP-protokollen (til lydudgang anvendes plugin'et rdp-sink, og til lydindtastning \u2014 rdp-source). Kompositserveren, XWayland og PulseAudio er pakket i form af et universelt mini-distributionssystem WSLGd, der inkluderer komponenter til abstraktion af den grafiske og lydm\u00e6ssige underst\u00f8ttelse, og er baseret p\u00e5 distributionssystemet CBL-Mariner Linux, der ogs\u00e5 anvendes i Microsofts cloud-infrastruktur. WSLGd starter ved hj\u00e6lp af virtualiseringsmekanismer, og der anvendes virtio-fs til deling mellem det g\u00e6stebaserede Linux-milj\u00f8 og v\u00e6rtsystemet Windows. <\/p>\n

Som RDP-servere<\/a>, der k\u00f8res i et Linux-milj\u00f8 WSLGd, anvendes FreeRDP, og p\u00e5 Windows-siden fungerer RDP-klienten som mstsc. For at identificere de tilg\u00e6ngelige grafiske Linux-applikationer og vise dem i Windows-menuen, er der forberedt en WSLDVCPlugin-behandler. N\u00e5r almindelige Linux-distributioner som Ubuntu, Debian og CenOS er installeret i WSL2-milj\u00f8et, interagerer den k\u00f8rende komponentpakke i WSLGd via socket-forbindelser, der h\u00e5ndterer anmodninger over protokollerne Wayland, X11 og PulseAudio. De forberedte bindings til WSLGd distribueres under MIT-licensen. <\/p>\n

For at installere WSLGd kr\u00e6ves der Windows 10 Insider Preview i det mindste version 21362. Fremover vil muligheden for at installere WSLGd ogs\u00e5 blive tilg\u00e6ngelig for almindelige Windows-versioner uden krav om deltagelse i Insider Preview-programmet. Installation af WSLGd udf\u00f8res ved at k\u00f8re den almindelige kommando \u201ewsl \u2014install\u201c, for eksempel for Ubuntu \u2014 \u201ewsl \u2014install -d Ubuntu\u201c. For eksisterende WSL2-milj\u00f8er udf\u00f8res installationen af WSLGd via kommandoen \u201ewsl \u2014update\u201c (kun WSL2-milj\u00f8er, hvor Linux-kernen anvendes, underst\u00f8ttes, ikke systemopkaldstranslation). Grafiske applikationer installeres via den standard pakkeh\u00e5ndterer, der bruges af distributionen. <\/p>\n

WSLGd leverer kun mekanismer til output af 2D-grafik, mens der til acceleration af 3D-grafik baseret p\u00e5 OpenGL i de installerede WSL2-distributioner anbefales at bruge en virtuel GPU (vGPU). vGPU-drivere til WSL er tilg\u00e6ngelige for AMD-, Intel- og NVIDIA-chips. Grafikaccelerationen sikres ved at tilbyde et lag med implementering af OpenGL over DirectX 12. Laget er udformet som en d3d12-driver, der er blevet en del af Mesa 21.0 og udvikles i samarbejde med Collabora. <\/p>\n

Funktionaliteten af det virtuelle GPU implementeres i Linux ved hj\u00e6lp af enheden \/dev\/dxg med tjenester, der efterligner WDDM (Windows Display Driver Model) D3DKMT fra Windows-kernen. Driveren organiserer forbindelsen til det fysiske GPU via VM bus. Linux-applikationer har samme adgangsniveau til GPU som native Windows-applikationer, uden at der anvendes ressourceopdeling mellem Windows og Linux. Performance-test p\u00e5 en Surface Book Gen3 med Intel GPU viste, at i det native Win32-milj\u00f8 demonstrerede Geeks3D GpuTest 19 FPS, i Linux-milj\u00f8et med vGPU \u2014 18 FPS, mens software-rendering i Mesa kun gav 1 FPS.

\r\n \"Afspil\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 Linux \u0432 Windows. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c Windows, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e Start, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 OpenGL, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":99984,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Microsoft er begyndt at teste underst\u00f8ttelse af k\u00f8rsel af GUI-applikationer fra Linux i Windows | ProHoster","description":"Microsoft har annonceret starten p\u00e5 testningen af muligheden for at k\u00f8re Linux-applikationer med grafisk brugergr\u00e6nseflade i milj\u00f8er baseret p\u00e5 WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux), 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