{"id":31573,"date":"2019-10-31T21:41:55","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/mikroik-ipsec-vpn-za-nat-kak-klient\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:41:55","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:41:55","slug":"mikroik-ipsec-vpn-za-nat-kak-klient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/administrirovanie\/mikroik-ipsec-vpn-za-nat-kak-klient","title":{"rendered":"Mikroik. IPSEC VPN \u00fcber NAT als Client.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043d\u044f!<\/p>\n

\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0436 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 CCR1072, \u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e IPSEC tunnel, \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Shrew soft VPN<\/a> client (\u043f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e) \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 99% \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u0430 1% \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f, \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044f\u043c. \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 NAT \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n

\u0418\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. CCR1072 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f 6.44.1<\/li>\n
  2. CAP ac \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f 6.44.1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u041f\u041a \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c 1072.
    \n    <\/a><\/noindex>
    \n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435:<\/p>\n

    1. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c Fasttrack, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441 \u0432\u043f\u043d fasttrack \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a.<\/p>\n

    \/ip firewall mangle\nadd action=mark-connection chain=forward comment="ipsec in" ipsec-policy=\n    in,ipsec new-connection-mark=ipsec passthrough=yes\nadd action=mark-connection chain=forward comment="ipsec out" ipsec-policy=\n    out,ipsec new-connection-mark=ipsec passthrough=yes\n\/ip firewall filter add action=fasttrack-connection chain=forward connection-mark=!ipsec\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n2. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\/\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044e<\/p>\n
    \/ip firewall raw\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address=192.168.33.0\/24 src-address=\n    10.7.76.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address=192.168.33.0\/24 src-address=\n    10.7.98.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting disabled=yes dst-address=192.168.55.0\/24 \n    src-address=10.7.78.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address=10.7.76.0\/24 src-address=\n    192.168.33.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address=10.7.77.0\/24 src-address=\n    192.168.33.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address=10.7.98.0\/24 src-address=\n    192.168.33.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting disabled=yes dst-address=10.7.78.0\/24 \n    src-address=192.168.55.0\/24\nadd action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address=192.168.33.0\/24 src-address=\n    10.7.77.0\/24\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n3. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/p>\n
    \/ip ipsec identity\nadd auth-method=pre-shared-key-xauth notrack-chain=prerouting peer=CO secret=\n    \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 xauth-login=username xauth-password=password\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n4. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c IPSEC Proposal<\/p>\n
    \/ip ipsec proposal\nadd enc-algorithms=3des lifetime=5m name="prop1" pfs-group=none\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n5. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c IPSEC Policy<\/p>\n
    \/ip ipsec policy\nadd dst-address=10.7.76.0\/24 level=unique proposal="prop1" \n    sa-dst-address=<white IP 1072> sa-src-address=0.0.0.0 src-address=\n    192.168.33.0\/24 tunnel=yes\nadd dst-address=10.7.77.0\/24 level=unique proposal="prop1" \n    sa-dst-address=<white IP 1072> sa-src-address=0.0.0.0 src-address=\n    192.168.33.0\/24 tunnel=yes\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n6. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c IPSEC profile<\/p>\n
    \/ip ipsec profile\nset [ find default=yes ] dpd-interval=disable-dpd enc-algorithm=\n    aes-192,aes-128,3des nat-traversal=no\nadd dh-group=modp1024 enc-algorithm=aes-192,aes-128,3des name=profile_1\nadd name=profile_88\nadd dh-group=modp1024 lifetime=4h name=profile246\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n7. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c IPSEC peer<\/p>\n
    \/ip ipsec peer\nadd address=<white IP 1072>\/32 local-address=<\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430> name=CO profile=\n    profile_88\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n\u0410 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c DHCP \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d bridge, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442, \u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b DHCP Lease \u0441 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a netmask, gateway & dns \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 DHCP, \u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e.<\/p>\n
    1. DHCP Option<\/p>\n
    \/ip dhcp-server option\nadd code=3 name=option3-gateway value="'192.168.33.1'"\nadd code=1 name=option1-netmask value="'255.255.255.0'"\nadd code=6 name=option6-dns value="'8.8.8.8'"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n2. DHCP Lease<\/p>\n
    \/ip dhcp-server lease\nadd address=192.168.33.4 dhcp-option=\n    option1-netmask,option3-gateway,option6-dns mac-address=<MAC \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u043d\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0430>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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