{"id":38073,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:32","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/istoriya-aktivnyh-sessij-v-postgresql-novoe-rasshirenie-pgsentinel\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:32","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:32","slug":"istoriya-aktivnyh-sessij-v-postgresql-novoe-rasshirenie-pgsentinel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/administrirovanie\/istoriya-aktivnyh-sessij-v-postgresql-novoe-rasshirenie-pgsentinel","title":{"rendered":"Die Geschichte aktiver Sitzungen in PostgreSQL \u2013 das neue pgsentinel-Erweiterung","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Das Unternehmen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pgsentinel.com\/\">pgsentinel<\/a><\/noindex> hat das gleichnamige Erweiterungsmodul pgsentinel ver\u00f6ffentlicht (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/pgsentinel\/pgsentinel\">GitHub-Repository<\/a><\/noindex>), das in PostgreSQL die Ansicht pg_active_session_history hinzuf\u00fcgt \u2013 die Historie aktiver Sitzungen (analog zur Oracle v$active_session_history).<\/p>\n<p>Im Wesentlichen handelt es sich einfach um sekundengenaue Schnappsch\u00fcsse aus pg_stat_activity, jedoch gibt es wichtige Punkte:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Alle gesammelten Informationen werden nur im Arbeitsspeicher gespeichert, und das verbrauchte Speichervolumen wird durch die Anzahl der zuletzt gespeicherten Eintr\u00e4ge geregelt.<\/li>\n<li>Ein Feld queryid wird hinzugef\u00fcgt \u2013 dasselbe queryid aus der Erweiterung pg_stat_statements (eine vorherige Installation ist erforderlich).<\/li>\n<li>Ein Feld top_level_query wird hinzugef\u00fcgt \u2013 der Text der Abfrage, von der die aktuelle Abfrage aufgerufen wurde (im Fall der Verwendung von pl\/pgsql)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Vollst\u00e4ndige Liste der Felder pg_active_session_history:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>\n      Spalte      |           Typ           \n------------------+--------------------------\n ash_time         | Zeitstempel mit Zeitzone \n datid            | oid                      \n datname          | Text                     \n pid              | Ganzzahl                \n usesysid         | oid                      \n usename          | Text                     \n application_name | Text                     \n client_addr      | Text                     \n client_hostname  | Text                     \n client_port      | Ganzzahl                \n backend_start    | Zeitstempel mit Zeitzone \n xact_start       | Zeitstempel mit Zeitzone \n query_start      | Zeitstempel mit Zeitzone \n state_change     | Zeitstempel mit Zeitzone \n wait_event_type  | Text                     \n wait_event       | Text                     \n state            | Text                     \n backend_xid      | xid                      \n backend_xmin     | xid                      \n top_level_query  | Text                     \n query            | Text                     \n queryid          | bigint                   \n backend_type     | Text                     \n<\/pre>\n<p>Ein vorgefertigtes Paket zur Installation ist derzeit nicht verf\u00fcgbar. Es wird empfohlen, die Quellcodes herunterzuladen und die Bibliothek selbst zu erstellen. Zuvor muss das \u201edevel\u201c-Paket f\u00fcr Ihren Server installiert und der Pfad zu pg_config in die PATH-Variable aufgenommen werden. Kompilieren wir:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>cd pgsentinel\/src<br \/>\nmake<br \/>\nmake install<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nF\u00fcgen Sie die Parameter in die postgres.conf hinzu:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements,pgsentinel'<br \/>\ntrack_activity_query_size = 2048<br \/>\npg_stat_statements.track = all<\/p>\n<p># \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439<br \/>\npgsentinel_ash.max_entries = 10000<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nStarten Sie PostgreSQL neu und erstellen Sie das Erweiterung:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>create extension pgsentinel;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nDie gesammelten Informationen erm\u00f6glichen die Beantwortung folgender Fragen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Auf welchen Sitzungserwartungen wurde am meisten Zeit verbracht?<\/li>\n<li>Welche Sitzungen waren am aktivsten?<\/li>\n<li>Welche Abfragen waren am aktivsten?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDie Antworten auf diese Fragen lassen sich nat\u00fcrlich mit SQL-Abfragen erhalten, aber es ist bequemer, sie anschaulich in einem Diagramm zu sehen, indem Sie mit der Maus die interessierenden Zeitintervalle ausw\u00e4hlen. Sie k\u00f6nnen dies mit dem kostenlosen Programm <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/dbacvetkov\/PASH-Viewer\">PASH-Viewer<\/a><\/noindex> (Die gesammelten Bin\u00e4rdateien k\u00f6nnen im Abschnitt <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/dbacvetkov\/PASH-Viewer\/releases\">Releases<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n<p>Beim Start von PASH-Viewer (ab Version 0.4.0) wird \u00fcberpr\u00fcft, ob die Ansicht pg_active_session_history vorhanden ist. Wenn ja, l\u00e4dt es die gesamte gesammelte Historie daraus und beginnt, neue eingehende Daten zu lesen und das Diagramm alle 15 Sekunden zu aktualisieren.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Die Geschichte aktiver Sitzungen in PostgreSQL \u2013 das neue pgsentinel-Erweiterung\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/2517772983f6ad87c0a895c190043ae1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>Quelle: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/416909\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f pgsentinel \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pgsentinel (\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 github), \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432 PostgreSQL \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pg_active_session_history \u2014 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 (\u043f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 v$active_session_history). \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 pg_stat_activity, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b: \u0412\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 queryid \u2014 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f pgsentinel \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pgsentinel (\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 github), \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432 PostgreSQL \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pg_active_session_history \u2014 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 (\u043f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 v$active_session_history). \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 pg_stat_activity, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b: \u0412\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f 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\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pgsentinel (\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 github), \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432 PostgreSQL \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pg_active_session_history \u2014 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 (\u043f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 v$active_session_history). \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 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content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Aktive Sitzungsverlauf in PostgreSQL \u2014 neues pgsentinel-Plugin | ProHoster","description":"Das Unternehmen pgsentinel hat das gleichnamige pgsentinel-Plugin (GitHub-Repository) ver\u00f6ffentlicht, das in PostgreSQL die Ansicht pg_active_session_history hinzuf\u00fcgt \u2014 die Historie aktiver Sitzungen (analog zur Oracle v$active_session_history). 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