{"id":84601,"date":"2020-06-09T13:42:13","date_gmt":"2020-06-09T11:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-gnutls-pozvolyayushhaya-vozobnovit-seans-tls-1-3-bez-znaniya-klyucha"},"modified":"2020-06-09T13:42:13","modified_gmt":"2020-06-09T11:42:13","slug":"uyazvimost-v-gnutls-pozvolyayushhaya-vozobnovit-seans-tls-1-3-bez-znaniya-klyucha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-gnutls-pozvolyayushhaya-vozobnovit-seans-tls-1-3-bez-znaniya-klyucha","title":{"rendered":"Eine Schwachstelle in GnuTLS erm\u00f6glicht die Wiederaufnahme einer TLS 1.3-Sitzung ohne Kenntnis des Schl\u00fcssels.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In der Bibliothek GnuTLS, die standardm\u00e4\u00dfig in vielen Debian-Paketen, einschlie\u00dflich des Paketmanagers APT und vieler Dienstprogramme, verwendet wird, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gnutls.org\/security-new.html#GNUTLS-SA-2020-06-03\">wurde<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=1843723\">in Cisco-Switches die gesamte Unternehmensnetzwerkwelt fast weltweit in Frage.<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-13777\">CVE-2020-13777<\/a><\/noindex>), die es erm\u00f6glicht, eine zuvor unterbrochene TLS-Sitzung ohne Kenntnis des Sitzungs Schl\u00fcssels wieder aufzunehmen. Aus praktischer Sicht kann die Schwachstelle f\u00fcr MITM-Angriffe genutzt werden. <\/p>\n<p>Die Schwachstelle resultiert aus einer fehlerhaften Konstruktion des Session-Ticket-Schl\u00fcssels \u2014 der TLS-Server hat den Sitzungsschl\u00fcssel nicht mit dem vom Client \u00fcbermittelten Wert verkn\u00fcpft. Bis zur ersten Schl\u00fcsselrotation verwendet der TLS-Server bei der Erstellung der Sitzungsschl\u00fcssel weiterhin fehlerhafte Daten anstelle des vom Client erhaltenen Verschl\u00fcsselungsschl\u00fcssels, was es einem Angreifer erm\u00f6glicht, die Authentifizierung in TLS 1.3 zu umgehen und fr\u00fchere Sitzungen im Modus TLS 1.2 wiederherzustellen.<\/p>\n<p>Sicherheitsanf\u00e4lligkeit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.gnupg.org\/pipermail\/gnutls-help\/2020-June\/004648.html\">die Schwachstelle<\/a><\/noindex> in der Version 3.6.14, in der auch Probleme <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53061\">Probleme<\/a><\/noindex> mit der Verarbeitung von kreuzsignierten Zertifikaten behoben wurden, die nach dem Auslaufen des Root-Zertifikats von AddTrust aufgetreten sind. Das Problem tritt ab Version 3.6.4 (2018-09-24) auf. In den Distributionen wurde die Schwachstelle in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-13777\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.suse.com\/security\/cve\/CVE-2020-13777\/\">SUSE<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vuxml.org\/freebsd\/ef5b4f5f-a658-11ea-80d7-001cc0382b2f.html\">FreeBSD<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bodhi.fedoraproject.org\/updates\/?releases=F32&#038;type=security\">, aber bisher ist er noch nicht in<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/people.canonical.com\/~ubuntu-security\/cve\/2020\/CVE-2020-13777.html\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=1843726\">EPEL<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/security\/cve\/CVE-2020-13777\">RHEL 8<\/a><\/noindex> (RHEL 6 und 7 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2020-13777\">sind nicht betroffen.<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Quelle: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53120\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 GnuTLS, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 Debian, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 APT \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-13777), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441 TLS \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430. \u0421 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f MITM-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e ticket-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 &#8212; TLS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 GnuTLS, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 Debian, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 APT \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-13777), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441 TLS \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430. \u0421 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f MITM-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e ticket-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 - TLS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-gnutls-pozvolyayushhaya-vozobnovit-seans-tls-1-3-bez-znaniya-klyucha\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 GnuTLS, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441 TLS 1.3 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 GnuTLS, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 Debian, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 APT \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-13777), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441 TLS \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430. \u0421 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f MITM-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e ticket-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 - TLS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-gnutls-pozvolyayushhaya-vozobnovit-seans-tls-1-3-bez-znaniya-klyucha\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-06-09T11:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-09T11:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Schwachstelle in GnuTLS erm\u00f6glicht die Wiederherstellung von TLS 1.3-Sitzungen ohne Kenntnis des Schl\u00fcssels | ProHoster","description":"In der Bibliothek GnuTLS, die standardm\u00e4\u00dfig in vielen Paketen von Debian verwendet wird, darunter der Paketmanager APT und viele Utilities, wurde eine Schwachstelle (CVE-2020-13777) entdeckt, die es erm\u00f6glicht, eine zuvor gestoppte TLS-Sitzung ohne Kenntnis des Sitzungsschl\u00fcssels wiederherzustellen. Praktisch kann diese Schwachstelle f\u00fcr MITM-Angriffe genutzt werden. Die Schwachstelle resultiert aus einer fehlerhaften Konstruktion des Sitzungsticket-Schl\u00fcssels - der TLS-Server hat keine Bindung des Sitzungsschl\u00fcssels durchgef\u00fchrt.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-gnutls-pozvolyayushhaya-vozobnovit-seans-tls-1-3-bez-znaniya-klyucha","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"de_DE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 GnuTLS, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441 TLS 1.3 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0412 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 GnuTLS, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 Debian, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 APT \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-13777), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441 TLS \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430. \u0421 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f MITM-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e ticket-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 - 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