{"id":93614,"date":"2020-09-07T19:43:39","date_gmt":"2020-09-07T17:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/freeradius-google-autheticator-ldap-fortigate"},"modified":"2020-09-07T19:43:39","modified_gmt":"2020-09-07T17:43:39","slug":"freeradius-google-autheticator-ldap-fortigate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/de\/blog\/administrirovanie\/freeradius-google-autheticator-ldap-fortigate","title":{"rendered":"Freeradius + Google Authenticator + LDAP + Fortigate","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043c-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h4>\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e<\/h4>\n<p>\n\u0414\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d <i>Active Directory<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 VPN, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u044b\u043d\u0447\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0430 VPN \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 <i>Fortigate<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f VPN-\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 <i>Fortinet <\/i>\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u044c \u2014 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0430\u0436 10 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u2014 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0435. RSASecureID, Duo \u0438 \u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/b> \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442 <b>*nix<\/b> \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c <i>freeradius<\/i>, <i>sssd <\/i> \u2014 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d, \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. <\/p>\n<p><b>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b:<\/b> <i>shellinabox<\/i>, <i>figlet<\/i>, <i>freeeradius-ldap<\/i>, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442 <i>rebel.tlf<\/i> \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/xero\/figlet-fonts\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/github.com\/xero\/figlet-fonts<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u2014 CentOS 7.8.<\/p>\n<p>\u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a VPN \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d \u0438 OTP \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<h4>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432<\/h4>\n<p>\n\u0412 <i>\/etc\/raddb\/radiusd.conf<\/i> \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430, \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 <i>freeradius<\/i>, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 <i>radiusd <\/i>\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0445 <i>\/home\/<\/i>.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">user = root\ngroup = root\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445 <i>Fortigate<\/i>, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <b>Vendor Specific Attribute<\/b>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 <i>raddb\/policy.d<\/i> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">group_authorization {\n    if (&amp;LDAP-Group[*] == &quot;CN=vpn_admins,OU=vpn-groups,DC=domain,DC=local&quot;) {\n            update reply {\n                &amp;Fortinet-Group-Name = &quot;vpn_admins&quot; }\n            update control {\n                &amp;Auth-Type := PAM\n                &amp;Reply-Message := &quot;Welcome Admin&quot;\n                }\n        }\n    else {\n        update reply {\n        &amp;Reply-Message := &quot;Not authorized for vpn&quot;\n            }\n        reject\n        }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 <i>freeradius-ldap<\/i> \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 <i>raddb\/mods-available<\/i> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b <i>ldap<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 <i>raddb\/mods-enabled<\/i>.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">ln -s \/etc\/raddb\/mods-available\/ldap \/etc\/raddb\/mods-enabled\/ldap<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043a \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">ldap {\n        server = 'domain.local'\n        identity = 'CN=freerad_user,OU=users,DC=domain,DC=local'\n        password = &quot;SupeSecretP@ssword&quot;\n        base_dn = 'dc=domain,dc=local'\n        sasl {\n        }\n        user {\n                base_dn = &quot;${..base_dn}&quot;\n                filter = &quot;(sAMAccountname=%{%{Stripped-User-Name}:-%{User-Name}})&quot;\n                sasl {\n                }\n                scope = 'sub'\n        }\n        group {\n                base_dn = &quot;${..base_dn}&quot;\n                filter = '(objectClass=Group)'\n                scope = 'sub'\n                name_attribute = cn\n                membership_filter = &quot;(|(member=%{control:Ldap-UserDn})(memberUid=%{%{Stripped-User-Name}:-%{User-Name}}))&quot;\n                membership_attribute = 'memberOf'\n        }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0412 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u0445 <i>raddb\/sites-enabled\/default<\/i> \u0438 <i>raddb\/sites-enabled\/inner-tunnel<\/i> \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 <b>authorize<\/b> \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u2014 group_authorization. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u2014 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 <b>policy.d<\/b>, \u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. <br \/>\n\u0412 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 <b>authenticate<\/b> \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 <b>pam<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0435 <b>clients.conf<\/b> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f <i>Fortigate<\/i>:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">client fortigate {\n    ipaddr = 192.168.1.200\n    secret = testing123\n    require_message_authenticator = no\n    nas_type = other\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f <b>pam.d\/radiusd<\/b>:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">#%PAM-1.0\nauth       sufficient   pam_google_authenticator.so\nauth       include      password-auth\naccount    required     pam_nologin.so\naccount    include      password-auth\npassword   include      password-auth\nsession    include      password-auth\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0414\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 <i>freeradius <\/i>\u0441 <i>google authenticator<\/i> \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435: <i>username\/password<\/i>+<i>OTP<\/i>. <\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443, \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043b\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 <i>freeradius <\/i>\u0441 <i>Google Authenticator<\/i>, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f <i>pam <\/i>\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d <i>Google Authenticator<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Freeradius \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0438, \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 OTP \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0430. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u0410 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e OTP \u0434\u043b\u044f 300+ \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439?\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441 <i>freeradius <\/i>\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <i>Google authenticator<\/i>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f QR-\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 <b>shellinabox<\/b> \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 <b>.bash_profile<\/b>.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">[root@freeradius ~]# yum install -y shellinabox\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 <b>\/etc\/sysconfig\/shellinabox<\/b>.<br \/>\n\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 443 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">[root@freeradius ~]#systemctl enable --now shellinaboxd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0435, \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c QR-\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0410\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0442\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d \u043b\u0438 Google Autheticator. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0442\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f QR-\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0438 logout \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0438 Google Authenticator \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e logout.<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d, \u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 Google Authenticator. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d, \u0442\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f QR-\u043a\u043e\u0434.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u0412\u0441\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c <i>\/etc\/skel\/.bash_profile<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">cat \/etc\/skel\/.bash_profile<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\"># .bash_profile\n\n# Get the aliases and functions\nif [ -f ~\/.bashrc ]; then\n        . ~\/.bashrc\nfi\n\n# User specific environment and startup programs\n# Make several commands available from user shell\n\nif [[ -z $(id $USER | grep &quot;admins&quot;) || -z $(cat \/etc\/passwd | grep $USER) ]]\n  then\n    [[ ! -d $HOME\/bin ]] &amp;&amp; mkdir $HOME\/bin\n    [[ ! -f $HOME\/bin\/id ]] &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/bin\/id $HOME\/bin\/id\n    [[ ! -f $HOME\/bin\/google-auth ]] &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/bin\/google-authenticator $HOME\/bin\/google-auth\n    [[ ! -f $HOME\/bin\/grep ]] &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/bin\/grep $HOME\/bin\/grep\n    [[ ! -f $HOME\/bin\/figlet ]] &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/bin\/figlet $HOME\/bin\/figlet\n    [[ ! -f $HOME\/bin\/rebel.tlf ]] &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/share\/figlet\/rebel.tlf $HOME\/bin\/rebel.tlf\n    [[ ! -f $HOME\/bin\/sleep ]] &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/bin\/sleep $HOME\/bin\/sleep\n  # Set PATH env to &lt;home user directory&gt;\/bin\n    PATH=$HOME\/bin\n    export PATH\n  else\n    PATH=PATH=$PATH:$HOME\/.local\/bin:$HOME\/bin\n    export PATH\nfi\n\n\nif [[ -n $(id $USER | grep &quot;domain users&quot;) ]]\n  then\n    if [[ ! -e $HOME\/.google_authenticator ]]\n      then\n        if [[ -n $(id $USER | grep &quot;admins&quot;) ]]\n          then\n            figlet -t -f $HOME\/bin\/rebel.tlf &quot;Welcome to Company GAuth setup portal&quot;\n            sleep 1.5\n            echo &quot;Please, run any of these software on your device, where you would like to setup OTP:\nGoogle Autheticator:\nAppStore - https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/google-authenticator\/id388497605\nPlay Market - https:\/\/play.google.com\/stor\/apps\/details?id=com.google.android.apps.authenticator2&amp;hl=en\nFreeOTP:\nAppStore - https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/freeotp-authenticator\/id872559395\nPlay Market - https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=org.fedorahosted.freeotp&amp;hl=en\n\nAnd prepare to scan QR code.\n\n&quot;\n            sleep 5\n            google-auth -f -t -w 3 -r 3 -R 30 -d -e 1\n            echo &quot;Congratulations, now you can use an OTP token from application as a password connecting to VPN.&quot;\n          else\n            figlet -t -f $HOME\/bin\/rebel.tlf &quot;Welcome to Company GAuth setup portal&quot;\n            sleep 1.5\n            echo &quot;Please, run any of these software on your device, where you would like to setup OTP:\nGoogle Autheticator:\nAppStore - https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/google-authenticator\/id388497605\nPlay Market - https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.google.android.apps.authenticator2&amp;hl=en\nFreeOTP:\nAppStore - https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/freeotp-authenticator\/id872559395\nPlay Market - https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=org.fedorahosted.freeotp&amp;hl=en\n\nAnd prepare to scan QR code.\n\n&quot;\n            sleep 5\n            google-auth -f -t -w 3 -r 3 -R 30 -d -e 1\n            echo &quot;Congratulations, now you can use an OTP token from application as a password to VPN.&quot;\n            logout\n        fi\n      else\n        echo &quot;You have already setup a Google Authenticator&quot;\n        if [[ -z $(id $USER | grep &quot;admins&quot;) ]]\n          then\n          logout\n        fi\n    fi\n  else\n    echo &quot;You don't need to set up a Google Authenticator&quot;\nfi\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Fortigate:<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c <i>Radius<\/i>-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Freeradius + Google Autheticator + LDAP + Fortigate\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/98db311a6145e13b5a5600c87a31758b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b, \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430\u043c. \u0418\u043c\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043d\u0430 <i>Fortigate<\/i> \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 <i>Vendor Specific Attribute<\/i> <b>Fortinet-Group-Name<\/b>.\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Freeradius + Google Autheticator + LDAP + Fortigate\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/7a6b02c123ffdbae5ffe82fddd71b561.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 <i>SSL<\/i>-\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044b.\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Freeradius + Google Autheticator + LDAP + Fortigate\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1726faa8362625d410686d0c28dddf3d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438.\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Freeradius + Google Autheticator + LDAP + Fortigate\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/146d2fe2ba1f43f96c15a25e5dc42023.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e OTP \u043d\u0430 <i>Fortigate <\/i>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. <\/li>\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e VPN, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. 6-\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439: \u00ab\u041d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a VPN\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nP.S. \u0412 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 challenge-response.<\/p>\n<h4>Update:<\/h4>\n<p>\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 challenge-response.<br \/>\n<b>\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/b><br \/>\n\u0412 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0435 <i>\/etc\/raddb\/sites-enabled\/default<\/i> \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f <b>authorize<\/b> \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">authorize {\n    filter_username\n    preprocess\n    auth_log\n    chap\n    mschap\n    suffix\n    eap {\n        ok = return\n    }\n    files\n    -sql\n    #-ldap\n    expiration\n    logintime\n    if (!State) {\n        if (&amp;User-Password) {\n            # If !State and User-Password (PAP), then force LDAP:\n            update control {\n                Ldap-UserDN := &quot;%{User-Name}&quot;\n                Auth-Type := LDAP\n            }\n        }\n        else {\n            reject\n        }\n    }\n    else {\n        # If State, then proxy request:\n        group_authorization\n    }\npap\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0421\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f <b>authenticate<\/b> \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">authenticate {\n        Auth-Type PAP {\n                pap\n        }\n        Auth-Type CHAP {\n                chap\n        }\n        Auth-Type MS-CHAP {\n                mschap\n        }\n        mschap\n        digest\n        # Attempt authentication with a direct LDAP bind:\n        Auth-Type LDAP {\n        ldap\n        if (ok) {\n            update reply {\n                # Create a random State attribute:\n                State := &quot;%{randstr:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa}&quot;\n                Reply-Message := &quot;Please enter OTP&quot;\n                }\n            # Return Access-Challenge:\n            challenge\n            }\n        }\n        pam\n        eap\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0443:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0432 VPN-\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435. <\/li>\n<li>Freeradius \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/li>\n<li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0442).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/516362\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043c-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0414\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d Active Directory. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 VPN, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u044b\u043d\u0447\u0435. \u0412 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0430 VPN [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":93615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043c-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, 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