Managing Docker Containers in Go

Documentation!

When you decide to write your own bike for catching hooks from Docker Hub or from a registry for automatic updates/runs of containers on the server, you might find the Docker CLI useful, which helps manage the Docker daemon in your system.

You will need Go version 1.9.4 or higher.

If you haven't switched to modules yet, install the CLI with the following command:

go get github.com/docker/docker/client

Starting the container

The following example shows how to run a container using the Docker API. In the command line, you would use the command docker run, but we can easily handle this task in our service.
This example is equivalent to running the command docker run alpine echo hello world

package main {
    ctx := context.Background()
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Pulling the docker image
    reader, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "docker.io/library/alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    io.Copy(os.Stdout, reader)

    hostBinding := nat.PortBinding{
        HostIP:   "0.0.0.0",
        HostPort: "8000",
    }
    containerPort, err := nat.NewPort("tcp", "80")
    if err != nil {
        panic("Unable to get the port")
    }
    portBinding := nat.PortMap{containerPort: []nat.PortBinding{hostBinding}}

    // Creating a container with the specified configuration
    resp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
        Image: "alpine",
        Cmd:   []string{"echo", "hello world"},
        Tty:   true,
    }, &container.HostConfig{
        PortBindings: portBinding,
    }, nil, "")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Starting the container
    if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Getting container logs
    out, err := cli.ContainerLogs(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerLogsOptions{ShowStdout: true})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

Retrieving the list of running containers

This example is equivalent to running the command docker ps

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"

    "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
    "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Retrieving the list of running containers (docker ps)
    containers, err := cli.ContainerList(context.Background(), types.ContainerListOptions{})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Printing all container IDs
    for _, container := range containers {
        fmt.Println(container.ID)
    }
}

Stopping all running containers

Now that you've learned how to create and run containers, it's time to learn how to manage them. The following example will stop all running containers.

Do not run this code in production server!

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"

    "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
    "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Getting the list of running containers (docker ps)
    containers, err := cli.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    for _, c := range containers {
        fmt.Print("Stopping container ", c.ID[:10], "... ")
        if err := cli.ContainerStop(ctx, c.ID, nil); err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
        fmt.Println("Success")
    }
}

Output of logs for a specific container

You can work with individual containers. In the following example, logs of the container with the specified identifier are displayed. Before running, you need to change the identifier of the container whose logs you want to retrieve.

package main

import (
    "context"
    "io"
    "os"

    "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
    "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    options := types.ContainerLogsOptions{ShowStdout: true}
    // Change the container id here
    out, err := cli.ContainerLogs(ctx, "f1064a8a4c82", options)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

Getting the list of images

This example is equivalent to running the command docker image ls

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"

    "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
    "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Getting the list of images
    images, err := cli.ImageList(context.Background(), types.ImageListOptions{})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    for _, image := range images {
        fmt.Println(image.ID)
    }
}

Pull

This example is equivalent to running the command docker pull

package main

import (
    "context"
    "io"
    "os"

    "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
    "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // docker pull alpine
    out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "docker.io/library/alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer out.Close()
    io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

Downloading an image with user authentication

This example is equivalent to running the command docker pull, with authentication.

Authentication data is sent in plain text. Official Docker registries use HTTPS,
private registries should also be configured to transmit data using HTTPS.

package main

import (
    "context"
    "encoding/base64"
    "encoding/json"
    "io"
    "os"

    "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
    "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    cli, err := client.NewEnvClient()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Creating config with authentication data
    authConfig := types.AuthConfig{
        Username: "username",
        Password: "password",
    }
    encodedJSON, err := json.Marshal(authConfig)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    authStr := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(encodedJSON)

    out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "docker.io/library/alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{RegistryAuth: authStr})
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    defer out.Close()
    io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

Source: habr.com