Testing cheap virtual servers

Many hosters have cheap virtual servers for sale, and recently advertising tariffs with various restrictions have begun to appear in large numbers (for example, the ability to order one such virtual server for one account), the price of which is sometimes even less than the cost of IP addresses . It became interesting to conduct a little testing and share the results with the wider public. Some of the virtual servers were provided by hosters earlier for one of my projects, on which I post tests; in addition, a certain number of VPS were purchased for no more than 100 rubles apiece.

Testing cheap virtual servers

It is worth noting right away that the characteristics of virtual servers differ from each other, and the performance measured at a certain point in time is a very relative value, depending on the load on the node or channel, the number of clients on the node, the time of day, the average temperature on Mars during the rainy season and so on, so that the material is rather entertaining.

Debian 9 is chosen as the operating system, and for testing I use several popular programs: unixbench, dd, fio, speedtest. With the help of dd, two tests were made for each virtual machine: in blocks of 64K and 1M. The fio utility was launched 4 times: in random read, random direct read, random write and random direct write modes.

Before the results, I will give a brief description of the tariffs with prices:

Hoster
Disk Size / Processor Resources / RAM
Price

RUVDS
10 GB SSD
1x 2 GHz (Intel Xeon E5-2660v4)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 428980 kB)
30 rubles/month

timeweb
5 GB SSD
1x 2.4 GHz (vCPU)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504192 kB)
45 rubles/month

Inoventica Services
5 GB HDD
1x 2 GHz (vCPU)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504188 kB)
49 rubles/month

Hosting Russia
10 GB SSD
1x 3.3 GHz (vCPU)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504308 kB)
50 rubles/month

FirstByte
7 GB SSD
1x 2.9 GHz (vCPU)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504188 kB)
55 rubles/month

VDSina
5GB NVMe SSD
NL - 1x 2.1 GHz (vCPU);
RU – 1x 2.2 GHz (vCPU)
RU, NL - 0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504328 kB)
59 rubles/month

Zomro
5 GB SSD
1x 2.13 GHz (Intel Xeon L5630)
0.25 GB (MemTotal: 262144 kB)
$0.99/month (~63 rubles)

Veesp
10 GB HDD
1x 2.67 GHz (Intel Xeon X5650)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504328 kB)
65 rubles/month

PQ.Hosting
15 GB SSD
RU - 1x 2.8 GHz (vCPU);
NL - 1x 2 GHz (vCPU);
MD - 1x 2.8 GHz (vCPU);
LV - 1x 2.8 GHz (vCPU)
RU - 1 GB (MemTotal: 995824 kB);
NL - 1 GB (MemTotal: 1020400 kB);
MD - 1 GB (MemTotal: 995820 kB);
LV - 1 GB (MemTotal: 995816 kB)
1€/month (~70 rubles)

Good-Host
5 GB SSD
1x 4.2 GHz (vCPU)
0.4 GB (MemTotal: 389632 kB)
79 rubles/month

AdminVPS
10 GB SSD
1x 2.5 GHz (Intel Xeon E5-2680v3)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 524288 kB)
90 rubles/month

FirstVDS
10 GB HDD
1x 1.6 GHz (Intel Xeon E5645)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 524288 kB)
90 rubles/month

VPSHoster
5 GB SSD
1x 2.26 GHz (vCPU)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 479612 kB)
99 rubles/month

MyVPS
10 GB HDD + SSD cache
1x 0.6 GHz (Intel Xeon E5-2670)
0.25 GB (MemTotal: 262144 kB)
99 rubles/month

Ihor
10 GB HDD
1x 2.4 GHz (Intel Xeon E5620)
0.5 GB (MemTotal: 504280 kB)
100 rubles/month

Most virtual servers are located in Russia, but there are exceptions.

So, let's move on to the tests, and for those who do not want to read the wall of text, I leave the button to go to results (lots of graphs).

Virtual server from RUVDS:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • the equipment is located in the town of Korolev near Moscow (I already wrote about visiting this data center earlier);
  • Cheap plan (10 GB SSD / 1x 2 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s for 30 rubles per month)
  • at the moment, the hoster is still struggling with the habraeffect, and this tariff is available only by pre-order;
  • there is a limit on one such VPS per account.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-8-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.130-2 (2018-10-27)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2660 v4 @ 2.00GHz (3999.9 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   12:42:09 up 9 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.80, 0.33, 0.12; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Thu Aug 29 2019 12:42:09 - 13:10:36
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       22313053.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3909.2 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               3613.2 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        544868.4 KBps  (30.2 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks          142354.0 KBps  (30.2 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks       1789046.2 KBps  (30.2 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              799976.2 lps   (10.1 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 118596.6 lps   (10.1 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               8878.8 lps   (30.2 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   6676.2 lpm   (60.4 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    880.7 lpm   (60.5 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         577577.6 lps   (10.1 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   22313053.1   1912.0
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3909.2    710.8
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       3613.2    840.3
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     544868.4   1375.9
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0     142354.0    860.1
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0    1789046.2   3084.6
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     799976.2    643.1
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     118596.6    296.5
Process Creation                                126.0       8878.8    704.7
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       6676.2   1574.6
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        880.7   1467.8
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     577577.6    385.1
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         943.6

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 2.33947 s, 918 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 2.39378 s, 897 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30560: Thu Aug 29 13:11:45 2019
  read : io=6130.3MB, bw=104620KB/s, iops=26155, runt= 60002msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=177662, avg=300.58, stdev=607.73
     lat (usec): min=2, max=177662, avg=301.36, stdev=607.78
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  145],  5.00th=[  221], 10.00th=[  235], 20.00th=[  249],
     | 30.00th=[  258], 40.00th=[  270], 50.00th=[  278], 60.00th=[  286],
     | 70.00th=[  302], 80.00th=[  322], 90.00th=[  370], 95.00th=[  430],
     | 99.00th=[  636], 99.50th=[  764], 99.90th=[ 1512], 99.95th=[ 2064],
     | 99.99th=[ 8256]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 8008, max=14376, per=12.53%, avg=13104.15, stdev=833.24
    lat (usec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.40%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.02%, 50=0.01%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.03%, 250=20.40%, 500=76.42%, 750=2.17%, 1000=0.35%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.15%, 4=0.03%, 10=0.02%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.52%, sys=7.10%, ctx=1586565, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1569353/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=6130.3MB, aggrb=104620KB/s, minb=104620KB/s, maxb=104620KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=1561126/29, merge=24/25, ticks=398356/28, in_queue=398220, util=98.04%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30592: Thu Aug 29 13:13:50 2019
  write: io=9877.7MB, bw=168561KB/s, iops=42140, runt= 60006msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=910027, avg=161.10, stdev=4433.63
     lat (usec): min=2, max=910027, avg=165.07, stdev=4447.87
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    2],  5.00th=[    2], 10.00th=[    2], 20.00th=[    3],
     | 30.00th=[    3], 40.00th=[    3], 50.00th=[    3], 60.00th=[    3],
     | 70.00th=[    3], 80.00th=[    4], 90.00th=[    5], 95.00th=[   10],
     | 99.00th=[  181], 99.50th=[ 5280], 99.90th=[40192], 99.95th=[63232],
     | 99.99th=[201728]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=51352, per=13.49%, avg=22743.45, stdev=11130.39
    lat (usec) : 2=0.01%, 4=74.06%, 10=20.37%, 20=3.75%, 50=0.63%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.12%, 250=0.15%, 500=0.08%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.07%, 4=0.13%, 10=0.32%, 20=0.10%, 50=0.09%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.05%, 250=0.02%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.01%, sys=3.19%, ctx=81638, majf=0, minf=92
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=2528667/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=9877.7MB, aggrb=168560KB/s, minb=168560KB/s, maxb=168560KB/s, mint=60006msec, maxt=60006msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=413/1142901, merge=133/14847, ticks=840/6249928, in_queue=6248644, util=98.55%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30573: Thu Aug 29 13:12:50 2019
  read : io=5910.2MB, bw=100863KB/s, iops=25215, runt= 60002msec
    clat (usec): min=63, max=1022.7K, avg=312.03, stdev=1080.17
     lat (usec): min=64, max=1022.7K, avg=312.80, stdev=1080.20
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  159],  5.00th=[  221], 10.00th=[  233], 20.00th=[  247],
     | 30.00th=[  258], 40.00th=[  266], 50.00th=[  274], 60.00th=[  286],
     | 70.00th=[  298], 80.00th=[  318], 90.00th=[  358], 95.00th=[  422],
     | 99.00th=[  956], 99.50th=[ 1640], 99.90th=[ 3536], 99.95th=[ 5344],
     | 99.99th=[41728]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 2078, max=14672, per=12.54%, avg=12651.91, stdev=2302.49
    lat (usec) : 100=0.05%, 250=22.44%, 500=74.80%, 750=1.44%, 1000=0.32%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.57%, 4=0.30%, 10=0.07%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.39%, sys=6.50%, ctx=1525666, majf=0, minf=59
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1512996/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5910.2MB, aggrb=100863KB/s, minb=100863KB/s, maxb=100863KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=1512242/34, merge=122/40, ticks=413692/76, in_queue=413416, util=98.66%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30612: Thu Aug 29 13:14:51 2019
  write: io=603464KB, bw=10056KB/s, iops=2514, runt= 60009msec
    clat (usec): min=191, max=485456, avg=3176.44, stdev=18415.40
     lat (usec): min=191, max=485457, avg=3177.24, stdev=18415.46
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  262],  5.00th=[  270], 10.00th=[  274], 20.00th=[  282],
     | 30.00th=[  286], 40.00th=[  294], 50.00th=[  302], 60.00th=[  314],
     | 70.00th=[  338], 80.00th=[  394], 90.00th=[  580], 95.00th=[ 1144],
     | 99.00th=[114176], 99.50th=[132096], 99.90th=[162816], 99.95th=[183296],
     | 99.99th=[358400]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   13, max= 2368, per=12.56%, avg=1262.90, stdev=437.28
    lat (usec) : 250=0.04%, 500=86.90%, 750=5.54%, 1000=1.86%
    lat (msec) : 2=2.57%, 4=0.42%, 10=0.20%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.92%, 250=1.51%, 500=0.02%
  cpu          : usr=0.17%, sys=0.86%, ctx=306183, majf=0, minf=73
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=150866/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=603464KB, aggrb=10056KB/s, minb=10056KB/s, maxb=10056KB/s, mint=60009msec, maxt=60009msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=158/150940, merge=217/1990, ticks=344/53016, in_queue=53312, util=87.90%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Limited Liability Company Relcom Group (194.87.238.213)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Orange Business Services, Russia & CIS (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 11.038 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 732.49 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 99.68 Mbit/s

Virtual server from Timeweb:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • the equipment is located in St. Petersburg (DC Selectel on Tsvetochnaya);
  • EasyOne tariff (5 GB SSD / 1x 2.4 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 5 Mbit/s for 45 rubles per month);
  • one virtual server with this tariff per account;
  • ports 25, 389, 465, 587, 3389, 53413 are blocked.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-8-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.130-2 (2018-10-27)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.4.0 (4800.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   17:52:57 up 8 days, 17:42,  1 user,  load average: 0.68, 0.21, 0.07; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Mon Sep 09 2019 17:52:57 - 18:21:22
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       32758977.7 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     4454.0 MWIPS (10.7 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               3775.4 lps   (29.6 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        291468.4 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           81792.1 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        870796.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              434946.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  98160.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               9429.6 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   6887.4 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    908.3 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         333855.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   32758977.7   2807.1
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       4454.0    809.8
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       3775.4    878.0
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     291468.4    736.0
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      81792.1    494.2
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     870796.6   1501.4
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     434946.1    349.6
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      98160.9    245.4
Process Creation                                126.0       9429.6    748.4
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       6887.4   1624.4
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        908.3   1513.8
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     333855.5    222.6
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         762.0

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 7.336 s, 293 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 3.92267 s, 547 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12420: Mon Sep  9 18:22:40 2019
  read : io=2487.7MB, bw=42452KB/s, iops=10613, runt= 60005msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=107480, avg=720.93, stdev=2037.66
     lat (usec): min=4, max=107481, avg=726.16, stdev=2054.61
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   47],  5.00th=[   73], 10.00th=[   94], 20.00th=[  133],
     | 30.00th=[  181], 40.00th=[  258], 50.00th=[  314], 60.00th=[  410],
     | 70.00th=[  564], 80.00th=[  844], 90.00th=[ 1224], 95.00th=[ 2160],
     | 99.00th=[ 7200], 99.50th=[11584], 99.90th=[30592], 99.95th=[38144],
     | 99.99th=[57600]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 1176, max=14304, per=12.52%, avg=5315.30, stdev=2443.62
    lat (usec) : 4=0.13%, 10=0.75%, 20=0.02%, 50=0.15%, 100=10.51%
    lat (usec) : 250=27.08%, 500=28.01%, 750=10.66%, 1000=6.97%
    lat (msec) : 2=9.93%, 4=3.57%, 10=1.56%, 20=0.41%, 50=0.21%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.06%, sys=6.20%, ctx=638836, majf=0, minf=83
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=636840/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=2487.7MB, aggrb=42452KB/s, minb=42452KB/s, maxb=42452KB/s, mint=60005msec, maxt=60005msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=631677/461, merge=17/646, ticks=237832/1172, in_queue=238608, util=85.61%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12460: Mon Sep  9 18:24:45 2019
  write: io=621160KB, bw=10343KB/s, iops=2585, runt= 60054msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=1288.9K, avg=2410.29, stdev=27207.90
     lat (usec): min=4, max=1288.1K, avg=2415.84, stdev=27232.16
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    4],  5.00th=[    4], 10.00th=[    5], 20.00th=[    5],
     | 30.00th=[    5], 40.00th=[    5], 50.00th=[    6], 60.00th=[    6],
     | 70.00th=[    7], 80.00th=[    9], 90.00th=[   11], 95.00th=[   20],
     | 99.00th=[58112], 99.50th=[199680], 99.90th=[436224], 99.95th=[536576],
     | 99.99th=[634880]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=42357, per=16.20%, avg=1675.86, stdev=3143.18
    lat (usec) : 4=0.09%, 10=84.01%, 20=10.77%, 50=1.25%, 100=0.96%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.62%, 500=0.31%, 750=0.11%, 1000=0.08%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.07%, 4=0.10%, 10=0.16%, 20=0.16%, 50=0.24%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.35%, 250=0.37%, 500=0.27%, 750=0.06%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.29%, sys=0.75%, ctx=44591, majf=0, minf=69
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=155290/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=621160KB, aggrb=10343KB/s, minb=10343KB/s, maxb=10343KB/s, mint=60054msec, maxt=60054msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=772/52683, merge=0/13854, ticks=12072/2440176, in_queue=2456616, util=97.18%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12445: Mon Sep  9 18:23:45 2019
  read : io=3069.2MB, bw=52374KB/s, iops=13093, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=28, max=192693, avg=581.86, stdev=1688.07
     lat (usec): min=29, max=192695, avg=587.38, stdev=1711.01
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   47],  5.00th=[   65], 10.00th=[   83], 20.00th=[  119],
     | 30.00th=[  161], 40.00th=[  239], 50.00th=[  282], 60.00th=[  354],
     | 70.00th=[  474], 80.00th=[  692], 90.00th=[ 1048], 95.00th=[ 1640],
     | 99.00th=[ 5024], 99.50th=[ 8256], 99.90th=[24192], 99.95th=[33536],
     | 99.99th=[60160]
    bw (KB  /s): min=  590, max=19960, per=12.48%, avg=6537.92, stdev=2924.59
    lat (usec) : 50=1.71%, 100=12.40%, 250=29.08%, 500=28.51%, 750=10.21%
    lat (usec) : 1000=6.31%
    lat (msec) : 2=7.87%, 4=2.54%, 10=1.00%, 20=0.25%, 50=0.12%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.43%, sys=5.97%, ctx=797027, majf=0, minf=59
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=785667/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3069.2MB, aggrb=52374KB/s, minb=52374KB/s, maxb=52374KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=785616/21, merge=7/19, ticks=240480/72, in_queue=240176, util=85.74%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12485: Mon Sep  9 18:25:53 2019
  write: io=194840KB, bw=3246.3KB/s, iops=811, runt= 60021msec
    clat (usec): min=331, max=485350, avg=9837.11, stdev=33348.07
     lat (usec): min=332, max=485351, avg=9839.49, stdev=33349.20
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  418],  5.00th=[  446], 10.00th=[  470], 20.00th=[  498],
     | 30.00th=[  532], 40.00th=[  572], 50.00th=[  628], 60.00th=[  740],
     | 70.00th=[  964], 80.00th=[ 1624], 90.00th=[ 5216], 95.00th=[94720],
     | 99.00th=[164864], 99.50th=[195584], 99.90th=[280576], 99.95th=[329728],
     | 99.99th=[403456]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   13, max= 1112, per=12.67%, avg=411.37, stdev=183.33
    lat (usec) : 500=20.24%, 750=40.58%, 1000=10.11%
    lat (msec) : 2=11.58%, 4=6.13%, 10=3.13%, 20=0.61%, 50=0.30%
    lat (msec) : 100=2.91%, 250=4.25%, 500=0.15%
  cpu          : usr=0.20%, sys=1.08%, ctx=101847, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=48710/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=194840KB, aggrb=3246KB/s, minb=3246KB/s, maxb=3246KB/s, mint=60021msec, maxt=60021msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=587/48721, merge=7/1768, ticks=1004/54804, in_queue=55760, util=90.21%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from TimeWeb Ltd. (5.23.49.159)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Megafon (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 13.918 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 3.82 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 4.79 Mbit/s

Virtual server from Inoventica Services:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • Luna Promo plan (5 GB HDD / 1x 2 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 10 Mbit/s for 49 rubles per month);
  • one virtual server with this tariff per account;
  • Port 25 is blocked.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u5 (2019-08-11)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (3990.4 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   18:50:57 up 11 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.76, 0.28, 0.10; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Thu Aug 29 2019 18:50:57 - 19:18:55
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       18807123.2 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     2427.1 MWIPS (9.7 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               1745.2 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        131818.8 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           35944.4 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        424330.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              215841.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  44367.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               3968.7 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   3353.6 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    464.0 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         169640.3 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   18807123.2   1611.6
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       2427.1    441.3
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       1745.2    405.9
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     131818.8    332.9
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      35944.4    217.2
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     424330.5    731.6
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     215841.6    173.5
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      44367.6    110.9
Process Creation                                126.0       3968.7    315.0
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       3353.6    791.0
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        464.0    773.3
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     169640.3    113.1
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         369.1

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 13.8382 s, 155 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 11.9849 s, 179 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=6399: Thu Aug 29 19:20:36 2019
  read : io=3303.6MB, bw=56376KB/s, iops=14093, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=5, max=809158, avg=548.42, stdev=1410.87
     lat (usec): min=7, max=809160, avg=551.41, stdev=1412.08
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  129],  5.00th=[  233], 10.00th=[  286], 20.00th=[  358],
     | 30.00th=[  414], 40.00th=[  462], 50.00th=[  502], 60.00th=[  548],
     | 70.00th=[  588], 80.00th=[  652], 90.00th=[  764], 95.00th=[  916],
     | 99.00th=[ 1864], 99.50th=[ 2352], 99.90th=[ 4576], 99.95th=[ 6368],
     | 99.99th=[19584]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 2033, max= 9448, per=12.54%, avg=7070.36, stdev=809.28
    lat (usec) : 10=0.54%, 20=0.15%, 50=0.05%, 100=0.03%, 250=5.61%
    lat (usec) : 500=42.50%, 750=40.45%, 1000=6.91%
    lat (msec) : 2=2.92%, 4=0.71%, 10=0.11%, 20=0.02%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.97%, sys=8.85%, ctx=850919, majf=0, minf=68
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=845695/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3303.6MB, aggrb=56375KB/s, minb=56375KB/s, maxb=56375KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=839215/10, merge=0/3, ticks=110672/32, in_queue=110024, util=94.78%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=6441: Thu Aug 29 19:22:47 2019
  write: io=7166.5MB, bw=122273KB/s, iops=30568, runt= 60017msec
    clat (usec): min=6, max=179576, avg=171.53, stdev=1724.15
     lat (usec): min=7, max=179594, avg=187.29, stdev=1836.72
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    7],  5.00th=[    7], 10.00th=[    8], 20.00th=[    8],
     | 30.00th=[    8], 40.00th=[    9], 50.00th=[   10], 60.00th=[   12],
     | 70.00th=[   15], 80.00th=[   17], 90.00th=[   23], 95.00th=[   29],
     | 99.00th=[ 4256], 99.50th=[12224], 99.90th=[24960], 99.95th=[29568],
     | 99.99th=[41216]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=22003, per=12.65%, avg=15468.37, stdev=3032.64
    lat (usec) : 10=44.94%, 20=41.47%, 50=11.14%, 100=0.37%, 250=0.36%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.13%, 750=0.08%, 1000=0.07%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.18%, 4=0.20%, 10=0.42%, 20=0.43%, 50=0.21%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.67%, sys=6.27%, ctx=84956, majf=0, minf=67
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=1834611/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=7166.5MB, aggrb=122272KB/s, minb=122272KB/s, maxb=122272KB/s, mint=60017msec, maxt=60017msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=259/1088561, merge=0/13972, ticks=640/2457092, in_queue=2457680, util=45.40%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=6420: Thu Aug 29 19:21:46 2019
  read : io=3922.6MB, bw=66941KB/s, iops=16735, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=56, max=56057, avg=456.83, stdev=313.95
     lat (usec): min=59, max=56061, avg=459.82, stdev=315.28
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  139],  5.00th=[  197], 10.00th=[  237], 20.00th=[  294],
     | 30.00th=[  338], 40.00th=[  382], 50.00th=[  426], 60.00th=[  470],
     | 70.00th=[  502], 80.00th=[  548], 90.00th=[  644], 95.00th=[  780],
     | 99.00th=[ 1480], 99.50th=[ 2096], 99.90th=[ 3792], 99.95th=[ 4768],
     | 99.99th=[ 7904]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 6408, max=10008, per=12.50%, avg=8369.21, stdev=613.88
    lat (usec) : 100=0.08%, 250=12.02%, 500=57.76%, 750=24.39%, 1000=3.39%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.80%, 4=0.47%, 10=0.08%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.75%, sys=8.16%, ctx=1012596, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1004176/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3922.6MB, aggrb=66940KB/s, minb=66940KB/s, maxb=66940KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1004393/8, merge=0/4, ticks=122236/0, in_queue=121560, util=97.14%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=6458: Thu Aug 29 19:23:48 2019
  write: io=832520KB, bw=13873KB/s, iops=3468, runt= 60008msec
    clat (usec): min=85, max=58011, avg=2287.70, stdev=7287.28
     lat (usec): min=87, max=58014, avg=2290.95, stdev=7287.68
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  116],  5.00th=[  135], 10.00th=[  145], 20.00th=[  161],
     | 30.00th=[  179], 40.00th=[  197], 50.00th=[  219], 60.00th=[  245],
     | 70.00th=[  282], 80.00th=[  354], 90.00th=[  772], 95.00th=[25216],
     | 99.00th=[33024], 99.50th=[35584], 99.90th=[41216], 99.95th=[44288],
     | 99.99th=[54016]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 1040, max= 2465, per=12.51%, avg=1734.85, stdev=241.51
    lat (usec) : 100=0.06%, 250=61.34%, 500=25.50%, 750=2.98%, 1000=1.04%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.25%, 4=0.45%, 10=0.06%, 20=0.24%, 50=7.08%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.02%
  cpu          : usr=0.85%, sys=3.65%, ctx=432909, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=208130/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=832520KB, aggrb=13873KB/s, minb=13873KB/s, maxb=13873KB/s, mint=60008msec, maxt=60008msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=163/208125, merge=0/2312, ticks=104/42948, in_queue=42804, util=69.09%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Unknown (45.143.136.58)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Telstra (Perth) [1840.76 km]: 532.274 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 14.41 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 4.44 Mbit/s

Virtual server from Hosting-Russia:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • Social tariff (10 GB SSD / 1x 3.3 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s for 50 rubles per month);
  • one virtual server with this tariff per account.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u5 (2019-08-11)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3 (6600.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   18:48:30 up 8 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.59, 0.20, 0.07; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Thu Aug 29 2019 18:48:30 - 19:16:42
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       32415885.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     4506.4 MWIPS (9.8 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2793.0 lps   (29.8 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        187339.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           44305.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        520367.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              283190.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  68876.3 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               6402.6 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   5276.1 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    652.5 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         225827.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   32415885.5   2777.7
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       4506.4    819.3
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2793.0    649.5
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     187339.0    473.1
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      44305.5    267.7
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     520367.5    897.2
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     283190.8    227.6
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      68876.3    172.2
Process Creation                                126.0       6402.6    508.1
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       5276.1   1244.4
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        652.5   1087.6
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     225827.6    150.6
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         544.7

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 8.07309 s, 266 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 9.44878 s, 227 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=838: Thu Aug 29 19:18:10 2019
  read : io=4574.7MB, bw=78068KB/s, iops=19517, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=48426, avg=396.43, stdev=500.67
     lat (usec): min=5, max=48428, avg=398.64, stdev=502.34
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   30],  5.00th=[  145], 10.00th=[  181], 20.00th=[  223],
     | 30.00th=[  255], 40.00th=[  278], 50.00th=[  302], 60.00th=[  330],
     | 70.00th=[  362], 80.00th=[  426], 90.00th=[  620], 95.00th=[  932],
     | 99.00th=[ 2128], 99.50th=[ 3024], 99.90th=[ 6112], 99.95th=[ 8256],
     | 99.99th=[15424]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 4335, max=14936, per=12.51%, avg=9763.49, stdev=1977.64
    lat (usec) : 10=0.34%, 20=0.51%, 50=0.22%, 100=0.64%, 250=26.50%
    lat (usec) : 500=57.31%, 750=7.19%, 1000=2.86%
    lat (msec) : 2=3.28%, 4=0.86%, 10=0.25%, 20=0.03%, 50=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.97%, sys=7.76%, ctx=1166714, majf=0, minf=66
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1171105/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=4574.7MB, aggrb=78068KB/s, minb=78068KB/s, maxb=78068KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1153842/15, merge=0/7, ticks=183000/0, in_queue=182384, util=93.31%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=874: Thu Aug 29 19:20:21 2019
  write: io=10509MB, bw=178979KB/s, iops=44744, runt= 60123msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=472089, avg=123.05, stdev=2340.78
     lat (usec): min=5, max=472091, avg=133.56, stdev=2395.07
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    5],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    5], 20.00th=[    6],
     | 30.00th=[    6], 40.00th=[    6], 50.00th=[    8], 60.00th=[    9],
     | 70.00th=[    9], 80.00th=[   10], 90.00th=[   14], 95.00th=[   18],
     | 99.00th=[  884], 99.50th=[ 8032], 99.90th=[20352], 99.95th=[25728],
     | 99.99th=[48384]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=32906, per=12.74%, avg=22795.95, stdev=6415.87
    lat (usec) : 10=72.98%, 20=23.63%, 50=1.87%, 100=0.22%, 250=0.14%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.08%, 750=0.06%, 1000=0.03%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.08%, 4=0.14%, 10=0.35%, 20=0.29%, 50=0.11%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.98%, sys=5.95%, ctx=84003, majf=0, minf=76
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=2690190/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=10509MB, aggrb=178979KB/s, minb=178979KB/s, maxb=178979KB/s, mint=60123msec, maxt=60123msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=190/1476042, merge=0/13939, ticks=476/4394496, in_queue=4455180, util=69.07%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=857: Thu Aug 29 19:19:21 2019
  read : io=5403.6MB, bw=92212KB/s, iops=23053, runt= 60005msec
    clat (usec): min=39, max=50176, avg=333.70, stdev=389.36
     lat (usec): min=41, max=50178, avg=335.87, stdev=392.12
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   99],  5.00th=[  141], 10.00th=[  169], 20.00th=[  205],
     | 30.00th=[  235], 40.00th=[  251], 50.00th=[  274], 60.00th=[  286],
     | 70.00th=[  310], 80.00th=[  350], 90.00th=[  482], 95.00th=[  724],
     | 99.00th=[ 1592], 99.50th=[ 2192], 99.90th=[ 5088], 99.95th=[ 6560],
     | 99.99th=[11840]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 4031, max=16680, per=12.49%, avg=11517.12, stdev=2314.89
    lat (usec) : 50=0.01%, 100=1.01%, 250=38.14%, 500=51.46%, 750=4.69%
    lat (usec) : 1000=2.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=2.08%, 4=0.46%, 10=0.14%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.41%, sys=7.62%, ctx=1389080, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1383298/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5403.6MB, aggrb=92212KB/s, minb=92212KB/s, maxb=92212KB/s, mint=60005msec, maxt=60005msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1381796/8, merge=0/4, ticks=184404/0, in_queue=183664, util=95.35%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=891: Thu Aug 29 19:21:22 2019
  write: io=1274.2MB, bw=21758KB/s, iops=5439, runt= 60006msec
    clat (usec): min=53, max=313006, avg=1458.70, stdev=7507.36
     lat (usec): min=54, max=313008, avg=1460.81, stdev=7507.98
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   67],  5.00th=[   76], 10.00th=[   81], 20.00th=[   87],
     | 30.00th=[   94], 40.00th=[  103], 50.00th=[  114], 60.00th=[  129],
     | 70.00th=[  149], 80.00th=[  183], 90.00th=[  290], 95.00th=[ 1128],
     | 99.00th=[32384], 99.50th=[37120], 99.90th=[49408], 99.95th=[59136],
     | 99.99th=[264192]
    bw (KB  /s): min=  686, max= 5032, per=12.62%, avg=2744.87, stdev=691.50
    lat (usec) : 100=36.39%, 250=51.54%, 500=5.55%, 750=0.89%, 1000=0.46%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.59%, 4=0.24%, 10=0.12%, 20=0.10%, 50=4.02%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.06%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.03%
  cpu          : usr=0.84%, sys=3.25%, ctx=663224, majf=0, minf=83
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=326399/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=1274.2MB, aggrb=21757KB/s, minb=21757KB/s, maxb=21757KB/s, mint=60006msec, maxt=60006msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=137/326331, merge=0/2139, ticks=132/47148, in_queue=47096, util=73.67%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Argotel ANTIDDOS-HOSTING (95.182.120.105)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Orange Business Services, Russia & CIS (Moscow) [0.12 km]: 5.474 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 104.50 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 118.08 Mbit/s

Virtual server from FirstByte:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • MSK-KVM-SSD-START tariff (7 GB SSD / 1x 2.9 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s, 7 TB of traffic for 55 rubles per month);
  • two virtual servers with this tariff per account.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u5 (2019-08-11)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (5800.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   18:51:35 up  3:21,  1 user,  load average: 0.59, 0.17, 0.06; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Fri Aug 30 2019 18:51:35 - 19:19:41
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       35010835.0 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     4233.8 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               3115.3 lps   (29.8 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        230064.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           61011.7 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        749773.8 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              315333.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  69505.3 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               7651.1 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   6090.7 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    812.0 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         275532.7 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   35010835.0   3000.1
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       4233.8    769.8
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       3115.3    724.5
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     230064.0    581.0
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      61011.7    368.7
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     749773.8   1292.7
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     315333.8    253.5
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      69505.3    173.8
Process Creation                                126.0       7651.1    607.2
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       6090.7   1436.5
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        812.0   1353.4
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     275532.7    183.7
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         636.5

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 7.39888 s, 290 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 7.95401 s, 270 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7673: Fri Aug 30 19:21:06 2019
  read : io=5185.1MB, bw=88488KB/s, iops=22121, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=177882, avg=349.83, stdev=464.85
     lat (usec): min=5, max=177883, avg=351.69, stdev=465.74
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   32],  5.00th=[  183], 10.00th=[  215], 20.00th=[  249],
     | 30.00th=[  274], 40.00th=[  294], 50.00th=[  314], 60.00th=[  342],
     | 70.00th=[  374], 80.00th=[  418], 90.00th=[  490], 95.00th=[  564],
     | 99.00th=[  828], 99.50th=[ 1416], 99.90th=[ 3024], 99.95th=[ 5280],
     | 99.99th=[12096]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 6592, max=14160, per=12.50%, avg=11059.80, stdev=1182.28
    lat (usec) : 4=0.01%, 10=0.18%, 20=0.61%, 50=0.25%, 100=0.16%
    lat (usec) : 250=19.30%, 500=70.27%, 750=7.90%, 1000=0.62%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.49%, 4=0.15%, 10=0.05%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.69%, sys=9.33%, ctx=1328724, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1327383/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5185.1MB, aggrb=88487KB/s, minb=88487KB/s, maxb=88487KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1309181/16, merge=0/10, ticks=79784/0, in_queue=79032, util=92.41%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7711: Fri Aug 30 19:23:16 2019
  write: io=11638MB, bw=198581KB/s, iops=49645, runt= 60012msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=60776, avg=105.51, stdev=1311.60
     lat (usec): min=5, max=60778, avg=115.51, stdev=1405.26
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    5],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    5], 20.00th=[    6],
     | 30.00th=[    6], 40.00th=[    6], 50.00th=[    7], 60.00th=[    7],
     | 70.00th=[   10], 80.00th=[   12], 90.00th=[   13], 95.00th=[   16],
     | 99.00th=[  636], 99.50th=[ 7200], 99.90th=[21888], 99.95th=[28032],
     | 99.99th=[39168]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    1, max=32893, per=12.62%, avg=25065.22, stdev=3735.85
    lat (usec) : 10=69.83%, 20=27.13%, 50=1.60%, 100=0.20%, 250=0.13%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.07%, 750=0.11%, 1000=0.06%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.11%, 4=0.12%, 10=0.26%, 20=0.26%, 50=0.13%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.80%, sys=6.44%, ctx=103619, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=2979313/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=11638MB, aggrb=198581KB/s, minb=198581KB/s, maxb=198581KB/s, mint=60012msec, maxt=60012msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=788/1799427, merge=0/13447, ticks=148/1828308, in_queue=1828228, util=40.15%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7696: Fri Aug 30 19:22:15 2019
  read : io=6190.2MB, bw=105641KB/s, iops=26410, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=40, max=54082, avg=289.23, stdev=187.94
     lat (usec): min=41, max=54084, avg=291.23, stdev=188.73
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  114],  5.00th=[  163], 10.00th=[  189], 20.00th=[  219],
     | 30.00th=[  233], 40.00th=[  249], 50.00th=[  266], 60.00th=[  282],
     | 70.00th=[  314], 80.00th=[  354], 90.00th=[  406], 95.00th=[  458],
     | 99.00th=[  628], 99.50th=[  756], 99.90th=[ 1496], 99.95th=[ 2384],
     | 99.99th=[ 6688]
    bw (KB  /s): min=10160, max=15992, per=12.51%, avg=13220.39, stdev=1164.37
    lat (usec) : 50=0.01%, 100=0.48%, 250=39.69%, 500=56.83%, 750=2.47%
    lat (usec) : 1000=0.28%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.17%, 4=0.04%, 10=0.02%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.74%, sys=8.49%, ctx=1597314, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1584690/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=6190.2MB, aggrb=105640KB/s, minb=105640KB/s, maxb=105640KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1582870/8, merge=0/6, ticks=92084/0, in_queue=91392, util=97.29%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7730: Fri Aug 30 19:24:16 2019
  write: io=2561.9MB, bw=43718KB/s, iops=10929, runt= 60006msec
    clat (usec): min=41, max=73708, avg=722.90, stdev=3654.74
     lat (usec): min=42, max=73710, avg=724.50, stdev=3654.92
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   52],  5.00th=[   54], 10.00th=[   56], 20.00th=[   60],
     | 30.00th=[   65], 40.00th=[   70], 50.00th=[   75], 60.00th=[   79],
     | 70.00th=[   84], 80.00th=[   92], 90.00th=[  112], 95.00th=[  175],
     | 99.00th=[21632], 99.50th=[22656], 99.90th=[27008], 99.95th=[33024],
     | 99.99th=[46848]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 3652, max= 7496, per=12.50%, avg=5465.98, stdev=541.88
    lat (usec) : 50=0.13%, 100=84.74%, 250=11.09%, 500=0.68%, 750=0.16%
    lat (usec) : 1000=0.05%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.04%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=1.17%, 50=1.90%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.20%, sys=4.47%, ctx=1334127, majf=0, minf=66
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=655834/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=2561.9MB, aggrb=43717KB/s, minb=43717KB/s, maxb=43717KB/s, mint=60006msec, maxt=60006msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=784/655134, merge=0/1513, ticks=148/41460, in_queue=41388, util=64.67%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from NTX Technologies s.r.o. (147.78.65.137)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Megafon (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 23.363 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 87.97 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 103.26 Mbit/s

Virtual server from VDSina:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • equipment is located in Russia (Moscow, DataPro DC on Aviamotornaya) and the Netherlands (Meppel, Serverius DC);
  • unnamed tariff for 2 rubles per day (5 GB SSD / 1x 2.1 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s, 1 TB traffic for 59 rubles per month);
  • one virtual server with this tariff per account.

Tests:

Unixbench (RU)

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-6-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.88-1+deb9u1 (2018-05-07)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: Common KVM processor (4394.9 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   13:05:33 up 205 days,  2:51,  1 user,  load average: 0.60, 0.17, 0.06; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Fri Aug 09 2019 13:05:33 - 13:33:38
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       22416507.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3992.1 MWIPS (9.6 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2605.9 lps   (29.6 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        219066.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           59081.7 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        697518.9 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              310130.4 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  72366.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               6019.5 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   4518.9 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    577.9 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         259893.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   22416507.5   1920.9
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3992.1    725.8
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2605.9    606.0
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     219066.0    553.2
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      59081.7    357.0
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     697518.9   1202.6
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     310130.4    249.3
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      72366.5    180.9
Process Creation                                126.0       6019.5    477.7
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       4518.9   1065.8
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        577.9    963.2
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     259893.1    173.3
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         550.2

Unixbench (NL)

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-6-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.88-1+deb9u1 (2018-05-07)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: Common KVM processor (4200.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   22:06:14 up 227 days, 11:55,  1 user,  load average: 0.69, 0.21, 0.08; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Sat Aug 31 2019 22:06:14 - 22:34:27
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       22795602.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3167.3 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2537.0 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        206972.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           52857.1 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        658303.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              292297.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  68596.0 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               6200.3 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   4572.0 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    571.9 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         240979.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   22795602.9   1953.4
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3167.3    575.9
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2537.0    590.0
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     206972.0    522.7
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      52857.1    319.4
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     658303.5   1135.0
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     292297.5    235.0
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      68596.0    171.5
Process Creation                                126.0       6200.3    492.1
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       4572.0   1078.3
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        571.9    953.1
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     240979.1    160.7
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         522.3

dd (RU)Blocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 4.02597 s, 533 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 4.766 s, 451 MB/s

dd (NL)Blocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 3.70351 s, 580 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 4.03231 s, 533 MB/s

fio (RU)Read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14888: Fri Aug  9 13:34:53 2019
  read : io=4741.6MB, bw=80914KB/s, iops=20228, runt= 60006msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=77875, avg=383.55, stdev=631.08
     lat (usec): min=5, max=77877, avg=385.67, stdev=632.08
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   25],  5.00th=[  175], 10.00th=[  207], 20.00th=[  227],
     | 30.00th=[  249], 40.00th=[  270], 50.00th=[  294], 60.00th=[  318],
     | 70.00th=[  354], 80.00th=[  414], 90.00th=[  548], 95.00th=[  764],
     | 99.00th=[ 1848], 99.50th=[ 2992], 99.90th=[ 8256], 99.95th=[12096],
     | 99.99th=[23168]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 6360, max=13704, per=12.53%, avg=10139.33, stdev=1257.00
    lat (usec) : 10=0.71%, 20=0.24%, 50=0.09%, 100=0.80%, 250=28.59%
    lat (usec) : 500=57.08%, 750=7.28%, 1000=2.17%
    lat (msec) : 2=2.16%, 4=0.53%, 10=0.27%, 20=0.06%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.34%, sys=7.79%, ctx=1212630, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1213831/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=4741.6MB, aggrb=80913KB/s, minb=80913KB/s, maxb=80913KB/s, mint=60006msec, maxt=60006msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1198794/8, merge=0/4, ticks=294008/0, in_queue=293620, util=97.13%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14918: Fri Aug  9 13:36:59 2019
  write: io=11840MB, bw=202049KB/s, iops=50512, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=148780, avg=101.62, stdev=1269.68
     lat (usec): min=5, max=148782, avg=111.57, stdev=1359.30
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    4],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    5], 20.00th=[    5],
     | 30.00th=[    6], 40.00th=[    6], 50.00th=[    7], 60.00th=[    7],
     | 70.00th=[    8], 80.00th=[    9], 90.00th=[   12], 95.00th=[   15],
     | 99.00th=[  498], 99.50th=[ 7264], 99.90th=[20096], 99.95th=[25472],
     | 99.99th=[36096]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=34640, per=12.79%, avg=25851.29, stdev=4081.36
    lat (usec) : 4=0.01%, 10=83.25%, 20=14.37%, 50=0.97%, 100=0.19%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.14%, 500=0.08%, 750=0.08%, 1000=0.05%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.09%, 4=0.12%, 10=0.30%, 20=0.26%, 50=0.11%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.44%, sys=6.63%, ctx=111831, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=3030936/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=11840MB, aggrb=202048KB/s, minb=202048KB/s, maxb=202048KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=142/1859138, merge=0/13538, ticks=132/2900344, in_queue=2900056, util=50.68%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14905: Fri Aug  9 13:35:58 2019
  read : io=4862.9MB, bw=82985KB/s, iops=20746, runt= 60005msec
    clat (usec): min=55, max=41916, avg=373.89, stdev=646.76
     lat (usec): min=56, max=41918, avg=375.90, stdev=647.57
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   93],  5.00th=[  155], 10.00th=[  201], 20.00th=[  223],
     | 30.00th=[  241], 40.00th=[  262], 50.00th=[  286], 60.00th=[  310],
     | 70.00th=[  346], 80.00th=[  410], 90.00th=[  540], 95.00th=[  724],
     | 99.00th=[ 1688], 99.50th=[ 3088], 99.90th=[ 9152], 99.95th=[13888],
     | 99.99th=[24192]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 5432, max=14842, per=12.51%, avg=10377.91, stdev=1508.66
    lat (usec) : 100=1.51%, 250=33.24%, 500=53.18%, 750=7.51%, 1000=2.23%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.54%, 4=0.42%, 10=0.29%, 20=0.07%, 50=0.02%
  cpu          : usr=2.47%, sys=7.27%, ctx=1256353, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1244880/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=4862.9MB, aggrb=82985KB/s, minb=82985KB/s, maxb=82985KB/s, mint=60005msec, maxt=60005msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1242472/8, merge=0/4, ticks=323432/0, in_queue=322888, util=98.79%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14931: Fri Aug  9 13:38:00 2019
  write: io=1278.5MB, bw=21815KB/s, iops=5453, runt= 60008msec
    clat (usec): min=73, max=85953, avg=1453.88, stdev=5847.55
     lat (usec): min=74, max=85955, avg=1455.93, stdev=5847.93
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   91],  5.00th=[  100], 10.00th=[  107], 20.00th=[  120],
     | 30.00th=[  131], 40.00th=[  139], 50.00th=[  147], 60.00th=[  157],
     | 70.00th=[  171], 80.00th=[  195], 90.00th=[  255], 95.00th=[ 2608],
     | 99.00th=[29824], 99.50th=[32640], 99.90th=[41728], 99.95th=[46336],
     | 99.99th=[62208]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 1799, max= 4007, per=12.51%, avg=2728.25, stdev=332.39
    lat (usec) : 100=4.58%, 250=85.00%, 500=4.55%, 750=0.45%, 1000=0.14%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.23%, 4=0.12%, 10=0.09%, 20=0.50%, 50=4.32%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.03%
  cpu          : usr=0.82%, sys=3.82%, ctx=670541, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=327272/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=1278.5MB, aggrb=21815KB/s, minb=21815KB/s, maxb=21815KB/s, mint=60008msec, maxt=60008msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=139/327181, merge=0/2105, ticks=0/42904, in_queue=42740, util=71.21%

fio (NL)Read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=18176: Sat Aug 31 22:35:40 2019
  read : io=5277.5MB, bw=90061KB/s, iops=22515, runt= 60005msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=29089, avg=343.49, stdev=324.24
     lat (usec): min=5, max=29090, avg=345.52, stdev=324.73
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   98],  5.00th=[  151], 10.00th=[  169], 20.00th=[  193],
     | 30.00th=[  211], 40.00th=[  231], 50.00th=[  258], 60.00th=[  298],
     | 70.00th=[  374], 80.00th=[  462], 90.00th=[  580], 95.00th=[  732],
     | 99.00th=[ 1432], 99.50th=[ 1736], 99.90th=[ 2832], 99.95th=[ 3888],
     | 99.99th=[11968]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 5195, max=14704, per=12.50%, avg=11256.88, stdev=1315.93
    lat (usec) : 10=0.52%, 20=0.33%, 50=0.11%, 100=0.05%, 250=46.72%
    lat (usec) : 500=36.35%, 750=11.29%, 1000=2.42%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.92%, 4=0.23%, 10=0.04%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.72%, sys=7.50%, ctx=1347767, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1351030/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5277.5MB, aggrb=90061KB/s, minb=90061KB/s, maxb=90061KB/s, mint=60005msec, maxt=60005msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1335524/8, merge=0/4, ticks=280996/0, in_queue=280604, util=95.44%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=18210: Sat Aug 31 22:37:45 2019
  write: io=11947MB, bw=203870KB/s, iops=50967, runt= 60009msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=179317, avg=99.95, stdev=1275.88
     lat (usec): min=5, max=179319, avg=110.44, stdev=1364.10
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    5],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    5], 20.00th=[    6],
     | 30.00th=[    6], 40.00th=[    6], 50.00th=[    7], 60.00th=[    7],
     | 70.00th=[    7], 80.00th=[    8], 90.00th=[    9], 95.00th=[   12],
     | 99.00th=[  235], 99.50th=[ 7456], 99.90th=[20352], 99.95th=[24704],
     | 99.99th=[33024]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=31360, per=12.62%, avg=25722.15, stdev=3838.84
    lat (usec) : 10=90.21%, 20=7.85%, 50=0.68%, 100=0.15%, 250=0.11%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.05%, 750=0.05%, 1000=0.04%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.08%, 4=0.11%, 10=0.27%, 20=0.27%, 50=0.11%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.82%, sys=6.31%, ctx=83743, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=3058507/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=11947MB, aggrb=203869KB/s, minb=203869KB/s, maxb=203869KB/s, mint=60009msec, maxt=60009msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=105/1816322, merge=0/14012, ticks=12/2854440, in_queue=2854096, util=50.34%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=18189: Sat Aug 31 22:36:45 2019
  read : io=6239.2MB, bw=106475KB/s, iops=26618, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=60, max=22025, avg=289.20, stdev=182.91
     lat (usec): min=61, max=22026, avg=291.16, stdev=183.33
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  119],  5.00th=[  143], 10.00th=[  159], 20.00th=[  179],
     | 30.00th=[  197], 40.00th=[  213], 50.00th=[  233], 60.00th=[  262],
     | 70.00th=[  322], 80.00th=[  398], 90.00th=[  486], 95.00th=[  572],
     | 99.00th=[  804], 99.50th=[  948], 99.90th=[ 1576], 99.95th=[ 2040],
     | 99.99th=[ 4384]
    bw (KB  /s): min=10728, max=15296, per=12.51%, avg=13319.46, stdev=800.29
    lat (usec) : 100=0.13%, 250=56.08%, 500=34.90%, 750=7.52%, 1000=0.97%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.35%, 4=0.04%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.90%, sys=7.37%, ctx=1602606, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1597231/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=6239.2MB, aggrb=106474KB/s, minb=106474KB/s, maxb=106474KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1596228/8, merge=0/4, ticks=310328/0, in_queue=309840, util=97.91%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=18223: Sat Aug 31 22:38:46 2019
  write: io=940828KB, bw=15677KB/s, iops=3919, runt= 60013msec
    clat (usec): min=63, max=66982, avg=2025.70, stdev=6831.08
     lat (usec): min=64, max=66985, avg=2028.27, stdev=6831.39
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   87],  5.00th=[  101], 10.00th=[  113], 20.00th=[  137],
     | 30.00th=[  157], 40.00th=[  177], 50.00th=[  199], 60.00th=[  227],
     | 70.00th=[  278], 80.00th=[  386], 90.00th=[  564], 95.00th=[24960],
     | 99.00th=[31104], 99.50th=[33024], 99.90th=[37120], 99.95th=[39680],
     | 99.99th=[51456]
    bw (KB  /s): min=  924, max= 2897, per=12.51%, avg=1961.38, stdev=295.08
    lat (usec) : 100=4.43%, 250=61.00%, 500=22.51%, 750=4.27%, 1000=0.74%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.41%, 4=0.09%, 10=0.03%, 20=0.07%, 50=6.44%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.80%, sys=3.73%, ctx=480789, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=235207/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=940828KB, aggrb=15677KB/s, minb=15677KB/s, maxb=15677KB/s, mint=60013msec, maxt=60013msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=107/235136, merge=0/2166, ticks=132/42060, in_queue=42084, util=69.93%

Speedtest (EN)

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Hosting technology LTD (185.231.154.182)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Beeline (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 10.909 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 178.50 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 231.94 Mbit/s

Speedtest (NL)

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from McHost.Ru (185.251.38.60)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by HugeServer Networks, LLC (Meppel) [0.74 km]: 4.525 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 429.74 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 776.85 Mbit/s

Virtual server from Zomro:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • equipment is located in the Netherlands (Dronten, DC Serverius);
  • Start plan (5 GB SSD / 1x 2.13 GHz CPU / 0.25 GB RAM / 10 Mbit/s for $0.99 per month);
  • The minimum rental period is 3 months.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 2.6.32-042stab128.2 -- #1 SMP Thu Mar 22 10:58:36 MSK 2018
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="ANSI_X3.4-1968", collate="ANSI_X3.4-1968")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU L5630 @ 2.13GHz (4267.0 bogomips)
          Hyper-Threading, x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   10:05:17 up 393 days, 21:23,  1 user,  load average: 1.02, 0.68, 0.31; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Thu Aug 01 2019 10:05:17 - 10:33:49
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       23112316.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     2971.7 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2567.9 lps   (29.5 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        316297.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           86249.2 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        871594.9 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              583546.7 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 122504.2 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               4953.8 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   4432.1 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    611.2 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         434561.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   23112316.5   1980.5
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       2971.7    540.3
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2567.9    597.2
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     316297.0    798.7
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      86249.2    521.1
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     871594.9   1502.7
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     583546.7    469.1
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     122504.2    306.3
Process Creation                                126.0       4953.8    393.2
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       4432.1   1045.3
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        611.2   1018.7
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     434561.8    289.7
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         661.1

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 40.3637 s, 53.2 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 38.1745 s, 56.3 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=11077: Thu Aug  1 11:12:41 2019
  read : io=12056KB, bw=205208B/s, iops=50, runt= 60160msec
    clat (msec): min=1, max=281, avg=159.48, stdev=24.08
     lat (msec): min=1, max=281, avg=159.48, stdev=24.08
    clat percentiles (msec):
     |  1.00th=[   21],  5.00th=[  139], 10.00th=[  141], 20.00th=[  159],
     | 30.00th=[  161], 40.00th=[  161], 50.00th=[  161], 60.00th=[  161],
     | 70.00th=[  161], 80.00th=[  161], 90.00th=[  180], 95.00th=[  182],
     | 99.00th=[  221], 99.50th=[  241], 99.90th=[  262], 99.95th=[  281],
     | 99.99th=[  281]
    lat (msec) : 2=0.03%, 20=0.23%, 50=1.06%, 100=0.53%, 250=97.88%
    lat (msec) : 500=0.27%
  cpu          : usr=0.01%, sys=0.03%, ctx=6085, majf=0, minf=298
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=3014/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=12056KB, aggrb=200KB/s, minb=200KB/s, maxb=200KB/s, mint=60160msec, maxt=60160msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop46225p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=11110: Thu Aug  1 11:18:57 2019
  write: io=191912KB, bw=3197.5KB/s, iops=799, runt= 60021msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=36798K, avg=8462.52, stdev=335988.75
     lat (usec): min=3, max=36798K, avg=8463.51, stdev=335988.78
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    5],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    6], 20.00th=[    7],
     | 30.00th=[    8], 40.00th=[    8], 50.00th=[    8], 60.00th=[    9],
     | 70.00th=[   12], 80.00th=[   18], 90.00th=[ 2160], 95.00th=[ 4192],
     | 99.00th=[18304], 99.50th=[140288], 99.90th=[1449984], 99.95th=[1794048],
     | 99.99th=[16711680]
    lat (usec) : 4=0.01%, 10=60.67%, 20=20.72%, 50=3.64%, 100=0.60%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.19%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.38%
    lat (msec) : 2=3.30%, 4=4.49%, 10=4.58%, 20=0.43%, 50=0.05%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.20%, 250=0.44%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.03%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.18%, >=2000=0.04%
  cpu          : usr=0.04%, sys=0.19%, ctx=18235, majf=0, minf=286
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=47978/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=191912KB, aggrb=3197KB/s, minb=3197KB/s, maxb=3197KB/s, mint=60021msec, maxt=60021msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop46225p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=11090: Thu Aug  1 11:16:30 2019
  read : io=12056KB, bw=205208B/s, iops=50, runt= 60160msec
    clat (msec): min=1, max=281, avg=159.49, stdev=27.57
     lat (msec): min=1, max=281, avg=159.49, stdev=27.57
    clat percentiles (msec):
     |  1.00th=[   21],  5.00th=[  121], 10.00th=[  141], 20.00th=[  159],
     | 30.00th=[  161], 40.00th=[  161], 50.00th=[  161], 60.00th=[  161],
     | 70.00th=[  161], 80.00th=[  161], 90.00th=[  180], 95.00th=[  200],
     | 99.00th=[  241], 99.50th=[  262], 99.90th=[  281], 99.95th=[  281],
     | 99.99th=[  281]
    lat (msec) : 2=0.03%, 20=0.63%, 50=1.00%, 100=1.00%, 250=96.62%
    lat (msec) : 500=0.73%
  cpu          : usr=0.01%, sys=0.03%, ctx=6047, majf=0, minf=290
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=3014/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=12056KB, aggrb=200KB/s, minb=200KB/s, maxb=200KB/s, mint=60160msec, maxt=60160msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop46225p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=11122: Thu Aug  1 11:20:28 2019
  write: io=144828KB, bw=2413.6KB/s, iops=603, runt= 60007msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=36999K, avg=10331.41, stdev=437479.93
     lat (usec): min=2, max=36999K, avg=10332.25, stdev=437479.97
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    4], 10.00th=[    5], 20.00th=[    5],
     | 30.00th=[    6], 40.00th=[    6], 50.00th=[    6], 60.00th=[    6],
     | 70.00th=[    7], 80.00th=[    9], 90.00th=[   16], 95.00th=[ 1992],
     | 99.00th=[100864], 99.50th=[140288], 99.90th=[1204224], 99.95th=[1548288],
     | 99.99th=[16711680]
    lat (usec) : 4=1.73%, 10=80.56%, 20=9.02%, 50=1.71%, 100=0.19%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.04%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.25%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.50%, 4=1.66%, 10=1.55%, 20=0.40%, 50=0.10%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.22%, 250=0.90%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.09%, >=2000=0.04%
  cpu          : usr=0.02%, sys=0.11%, ctx=10006, majf=0, minf=286
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=36207/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=144828KB, aggrb=2413KB/s, minb=2413KB/s, maxb=2413KB/s, mint=60007msec, maxt=60007msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop46225p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from NOTER-KLAV Private Enterprise (185.219.80.91)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by LinuxPro (Amsterdam) [1.13 km]: 7.442 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 48.50 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 76.13 Mbit/s

Virtual server from Veesp:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • the equipment is located in its own DC in St. Petersburg (Obukhovskoy Oborona Ave.);
  • HDD Sandbox tariff (10 GB HDD / 1x 2.67 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 200 Mbit/s, 0.1 TB of traffic for 65 rubles per month).

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-8-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.144-3.1 (2019-02-19)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5650 @ 2.67GHz (5333.5 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   18:07:28 up 8 min,  1 user,  load average: 1.07, 1.00, 0.53; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Mon Sep 16 2019 18:07:28 - 18:35:37
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       25345643.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3438.1 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               3783.7 lps   (29.6 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        527507.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks          151963.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks       1261205.9 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              906688.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 116073.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               8518.9 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   6767.9 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    895.2 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         648188.7 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   25345643.6   2171.9
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3438.1    625.1
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       3783.7    879.9
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     527507.6   1332.1
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0     151963.5    918.2
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0    1261205.9   2174.5
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     906688.5    728.8
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     116073.9    290.2
Process Creation                                126.0       8518.9    676.1
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       6767.9   1596.2
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        895.2   1492.0
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     648188.7    432.1
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         938.6

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 24.6856 s, 87.0 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 64.7868 s, 33.1 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7870: Mon Sep 16 18:38:49 2019
  read : io=43940KB, bw=749484B/s, iops=182, runt= 60034msec
    clat (usec): min=59, max=394340, avg=43701.14, stdev=33411.67
     lat (usec): min=60, max=394341, avg=43702.00, stdev=33411.68
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  876],  5.00th=[ 7200], 10.00th=[11968], 20.00th=[20608],
     | 30.00th=[27776], 40.00th=[33024], 50.00th=[37632], 60.00th=[42240],
     | 70.00th=[48384], 80.00th=[58112], 90.00th=[77312], 95.00th=[103936],
     | 99.00th=[187392], 99.50th=[211968], 99.90th=[264192], 99.95th=[280576],
     | 99.99th=[325632]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   20, max=  208, per=12.56%, avg=91.80, stdev=23.94
    lat (usec) : 100=0.31%, 250=0.36%, 500=0.23%, 750=0.06%, 1000=0.06%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.26%, 4=1.20%, 10=5.49%, 20=11.40%, 50=52.59%
    lat (msec) : 100=22.58%, 250=5.28%, 500=0.17%
  cpu          : usr=0.05%, sys=0.07%, ctx=11013, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=10985/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=43940KB, aggrb=731KB/s, minb=731KB/s, maxb=731KB/s, mint=60034msec, maxt=60034msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=11133/8, merge=0/4, ticks=493100/428, in_queue=494484, util=96.94%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7897: Mon Sep 16 18:42:30 2019
  write: io=133508KB, bw=1454.2KB/s, iops=363, runt= 91812msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=40324K, avg=10794.49, stdev=460561.62
     lat (usec): min=2, max=40324K, avg=10795.16, stdev=460561.65
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    4],
     | 30.00th=[    4], 40.00th=[    4], 50.00th=[    4], 60.00th=[    4],
     | 70.00th=[    5], 80.00th=[    5], 90.00th=[    7], 95.00th=[   15],
     | 99.00th=[132096], 99.50th=[175104], 99.90th=[203776], 99.95th=[4685824],
     | 99.99th=[16711680]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=23414, per=100.00%, avg=1795.50, stdev=4287.44
    lat (usec) : 4=15.67%, 10=77.56%, 20=2.98%, 50=1.90%, 100=0.17%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.07%, 20=0.28%, 50=0.18%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.06%, 250=1.00%, 500=0.02%, 1000=0.01%, 2000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : >=2000=0.06%
  cpu          : usr=0.02%, sys=0.13%, ctx=27584, majf=0, minf=83
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=33377/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=133508KB, aggrb=1454KB/s, minb=1454KB/s, maxb=1454KB/s, mint=91812msec, maxt=91812msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=169/15176, merge=0/12608, ticks=22232/115416, in_queue=137640, util=99.14%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7883: Mon Sep 16 18:40:28 2019
  read : io=30852KB, bw=526198B/s, iops=128, runt= 60039msec
    clat (usec): min=66, max=686836, avg=62246.24, stdev=62045.44
     lat (usec): min=67, max=686837, avg=62247.16, stdev=62045.43
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[ 1800],  5.00th=[ 6304], 10.00th=[10048], 20.00th=[18816],
     | 30.00th=[28288], 40.00th=[35584], 50.00th=[42752], 60.00th=[51456],
     | 70.00th=[67072], 80.00th=[94720], 90.00th=[140288], 95.00th=[185344],
     | 99.00th=[292864], 99.50th=[350208], 99.90th=[536576], 99.95th=[634880],
     | 99.99th=[684032]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    5, max=  163, per=12.67%, avg=65.01, stdev=31.07
    lat (usec) : 100=0.23%, 250=0.31%, 500=0.12%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.06%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.38%, 4=1.66%, 10=7.07%, 20=11.20%, 50=37.83%
    lat (msec) : 100=22.47%, 250=17.01%, 500=1.53%, 750=0.10%
  cpu          : usr=0.02%, sys=0.06%, ctx=7738, majf=0, minf=83
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=7713/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=30852KB, aggrb=513KB/s, minb=513KB/s, maxb=513KB/s, mint=60039msec, maxt=60039msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=7669/8, merge=0/5, ticks=478044/828, in_queue=478972, util=99.88%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=7910: Mon Sep 16 18:43:33 2019
  write: io=32548KB, bw=555060B/s, iops=135, runt= 60046msec
    clat (usec): min=171, max=4236.3K, avg=59003.70, stdev=264488.45
     lat (usec): min=171, max=4236.3K, avg=59004.72, stdev=264488.53
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  262],  5.00th=[  358], 10.00th=[  474], 20.00th=[  860],
     | 30.00th=[ 1528], 40.00th=[ 3536], 50.00th=[ 5536], 60.00th=[ 8032],
     | 70.00th=[ 8896], 80.00th=[12864], 90.00th=[20864], 95.00th=[61184],
     | 99.00th=[1253376], 99.50th=[1712128], 99.90th=[2899968], 99.95th=[3325952],
     | 99.99th=[4227072]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    2, max=  229, per=14.10%, avg=76.41, stdev=32.24
    lat (usec) : 250=0.74%, 500=10.19%, 750=6.96%, 1000=4.38%
    lat (msec) : 2=11.12%, 4=7.95%, 10=32.91%, 20=15.37%, 50=4.98%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.73%, 250=0.11%, 500=0.07%, 750=0.61%, 1000=1.67%
    lat (msec) : 2000=1.86%, >=2000=0.36%
  cpu          : usr=0.03%, sys=0.09%, ctx=16695, majf=0, minf=76
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=8137/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=32548KB, aggrb=542KB/s, minb=542KB/s, maxb=542KB/s, mint=60046msec, maxt=60046msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=170/8180, merge=0/594, ticks=19048/60876, in_queue=79924, util=98.62%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Fishnet Communications LLC (94.242.58.40)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Orange Business Services, Russia & CIS (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 12.636 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 218.16 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 189.89 Mbit/s

Virtual server from PQ.Hosting:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • the equipment is located in Russia (Moscow, DC DataPro), the Netherlands (Meppel, DC Serverius), Moldova (Chisinau, DC Alexhost) and Latvia (Riga, DC VERnet);
  • Aluminum tariff (15 GB SSD / 1x 2.8 GHz CPU / 1 GB RAM / 1000 Mbit/s for 1 euro per month).

Tests:

Unixbench (RU)

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u3 (2019-06-16)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) (5586.5 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   23:15:17 up 11:28,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Mon Jun 24 2019 23:15:17 - 23:43:21
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       34123920.4 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     4320.5 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               4163.6 lps   (29.6 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        331033.8 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           92832.7 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks       1021086.9 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              490283.2 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 117833.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                              10061.3 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   7836.1 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    981.6 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         326481.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   34123920.4   2924.1
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       4320.5    785.5
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       4163.6    968.3
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     331033.8    835.9
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      92832.7    560.9
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0    1021086.9   1760.5
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     490283.2    394.1
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     117833.9    294.6
Process Creation                                126.0      10061.3    798.5
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       7836.1   1848.1
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        981.6   1636.0
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     326481.9    217.7
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         833.2

Unixbench (NL)

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u3 (2019-06-16)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) (4000.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   17:48:01 up 30 days, 19:48,  1 user,  load average: 0.79, 0.39, 0.16; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Sun Sep 01 2019 17:48:01 - 18:15:49
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       17944619.4 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     2541.3 MWIPS (8.2 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               1955.3 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        152651.9 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           38882.7 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        445940.9 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              224267.3 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  52138.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               4483.9 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   3753.9 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    486.1 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         151653.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   17944619.4   1537.7
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       2541.3    462.1
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       1955.3    454.7
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     152651.9    385.5
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      38882.7    234.9
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     445940.9    768.9
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     224267.3    180.3
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      52138.8    130.3
Process Creation                                126.0       4483.9    355.9
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       3753.9    885.4
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        486.1    810.2
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     151653.5    101.1
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         393.2

Unixbench (MD)

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u3 (2019-06-16)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) (5600.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   17:51:08 up 13 days,  3:34,  1 user,  load average: 1.07, 0.68, 0.33; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Sun Sep 01 2019 17:51:08 - 18:19:23
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       22940127.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3493.9 MWIPS (9.8 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2580.9 lps   (29.7 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        190422.3 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           52531.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        624248.2 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              319487.7 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  76614.0 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               5971.0 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   4097.2 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    534.9 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         215310.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   22940127.9   1965.7
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3493.9    635.3
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2580.9    600.2
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     190422.3    480.9
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      52531.5    317.4
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     624248.2   1076.3
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     319487.7    256.8
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      76614.0    191.5
Process Creation                                126.0       5971.0    473.9
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       4097.2    966.3
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        534.9    891.5
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     215310.8    143.5
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         515.8

Unixbench (LV)

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-11-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.189-3 (2019-09-02)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) (5586.5 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   18:46:26 up 4 days, 21:45,  1 user,  load average: 0.53, 0.14, 0.05; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Mon Sep 16 2019 18:46:26 - 19:14:30
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       34241148.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     4298.3 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               3739.1 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        293843.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           80365.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        885168.5 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              404089.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 109078.4 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               9123.2 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   6840.3 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    889.1 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         249437.8 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   34241148.6   2934.1
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       4298.3    781.5
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       3739.1    869.6
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     293843.0    742.0
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      80365.6    485.6
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     885168.5   1526.2
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     404089.8    324.8
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     109078.4    272.7
Process Creation                                126.0       9123.2    724.1
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       6840.3   1613.3
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        889.1   1481.8
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     249437.8    166.3
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         742.2

dd (RU)Blocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 5.20811 s, 412 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 5.7549 s, 373 MB/s

dd (NL)Blocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 14.9915 s, 143 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 14.8393 s, 145 MB/s

dd (MD)Blocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 8.36403 s, 257 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 19.328 s, 111 MB/s

dd (LV)Blocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 5.94689 s, 361 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 7.10417 s, 302 MB/s

fio (RU)Read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=20549: Mon Jun 24 23:44:39 2019
  read : io=8230.4MB, bw=140461KB/s, iops=35115, runt= 60001msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=13440, avg=220.09, stdev=168.87
     lat (usec): min=4, max=21543, avg=221.70, stdev=169.80
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    4],  5.00th=[    6], 10.00th=[  113], 20.00th=[  149],
     | 30.00th=[  169], 40.00th=[  187], 50.00th=[  205], 60.00th=[  223],
     | 70.00th=[  249], 80.00th=[  282], 90.00th=[  334], 95.00th=[  386],
     | 99.00th=[  564], 99.50th=[  716], 99.90th=[ 2736], 99.95th=[ 3216],
     | 99.99th=[ 4256]
    lat (usec) : 4=0.13%, 10=5.20%, 20=0.85%, 50=0.10%, 100=1.87%
    lat (usec) : 250=62.54%, 500=27.78%, 750=1.09%, 1000=0.15%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.10%, 4=0.20%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.46%, sys=8.52%, ctx=1981547, majf=3, minf=95
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=2106957/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=8230.4MB, aggrb=140461KB/s, minb=140461KB/s, maxb=140461KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1974597/13, merge=0/3, ticks=96360/0, in_queue=95732, util=90.63%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=20575: Mon Jun 24 23:46:40 2019
  write: io=18781MB, bw=319092KB/s, iops=79772, runt= 60269msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=351032, avg=62.03, stdev=1149.91
     lat (usec): min=4, max=360051, avg=70.29, stdev=1224.93
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    4],  5.00th=[    4], 10.00th=[    4], 20.00th=[    4],
     | 30.00th=[    4], 40.00th=[    5], 50.00th=[    5], 60.00th=[    5],
     | 70.00th=[    5], 80.00th=[    5], 90.00th=[    6], 95.00th=[    7],
     | 99.00th=[   13], 99.50th=[ 1272], 99.90th=[16512], 99.95th=[21376],
     | 99.99th=[30080]
    lat (usec) : 4=0.57%, 10=97.74%, 20=0.89%, 50=0.08%, 100=0.08%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.05%, 500=0.05%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.04%, 4=0.07%, 10=0.17%, 20=0.17%, 50=0.06%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=4.92%, sys=5.80%, ctx=85278, majf=0, minf=54
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=4807836/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=18781MB, aggrb=319091KB/s, minb=319091KB/s, maxb=319091KB/s, mint=60269msec, maxt=60269msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=363/1745565, merge=0/10995, ticks=16/4723708, in_queue=4752280, util=70.07%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=20560: Mon Jun 24 23:45:39 2019
  read : io=8760.7MB, bw=149512KB/s, iops=37378, runt= 60001msec
    clat (usec): min=29, max=20597, avg=205.81, stdev=110.27
     lat (usec): min=30, max=20599, avg=207.40, stdev=110.93
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   82],  5.00th=[  110], 10.00th=[  126], 20.00th=[  147],
     | 30.00th=[  163], 40.00th=[  175], 50.00th=[  189], 60.00th=[  203],
     | 70.00th=[  225], 80.00th=[  253], 90.00th=[  298], 95.00th=[  338],
     | 99.00th=[  494], 99.50th=[  588], 99.90th=[ 1080], 99.95th=[ 1736],
     | 99.99th=[ 3984]
    lat (usec) : 50=0.02%, 100=2.80%, 250=76.22%, 500=20.00%, 750=0.73%
    lat (usec) : 1000=0.11%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.07%, 4=0.03%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.73%, sys=8.41%, ctx=2248153, majf=0, minf=58
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=2242722/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=8760.7MB, aggrb=149512KB/s, minb=149512KB/s, maxb=149512KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=2237967/9, merge=0/8, ticks=105964/0, in_queue=105332, util=93.73%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=20592: Mon Jun 24 23:47:41 2019
  write: io=2217.5MB, bw=37841KB/s, iops=9460, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=55, max=280991, avg=834.96, stdev=5125.29
     lat (usec): min=56, max=280992, avg=836.46, stdev=5125.35
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   64],  5.00th=[   70], 10.00th=[   74], 20.00th=[   79],
     | 30.00th=[   83], 40.00th=[   84], 50.00th=[   86], 60.00th=[   89],
     | 70.00th=[   93], 80.00th=[  102], 90.00th=[  123], 95.00th=[  167],
     | 99.00th=[26240], 99.50th=[27264], 99.90th=[30080], 99.95th=[31872],
     | 99.99th=[230400]
    lat (usec) : 100=78.04%, 250=18.60%, 500=0.47%, 750=0.04%, 1000=0.03%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.05%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=2.73%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.98%, sys=3.50%, ctx=1151513, majf=0, minf=68
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=567657/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=2217.5MB, aggrb=37841KB/s, minb=37841KB/s, maxb=37841KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=0/575378, merge=0/20, ticks=0/64376, in_queue=64272, util=72.92%

fio (NL)Read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=31842: Sun Sep  1 18:17:37 2019
  read : io=2425.7MB, bw=41395KB/s, iops=10348, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=5, max=825845, avg=735.78, stdev=3960.80
     lat (usec): min=7, max=825848, avg=741.91, stdev=3967.13
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    8],  5.00th=[  147], 10.00th=[  221], 20.00th=[  298],
     | 30.00th=[  350], 40.00th=[  410], 50.00th=[  478], 60.00th=[  564],
     | 70.00th=[  676], 80.00th=[  852], 90.00th=[ 1192], 95.00th=[ 1704],
     | 99.00th=[ 4384], 99.50th=[ 6688], 99.90th=[19584], 99.95th=[29056],
     | 99.99th=[90624]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   35, max= 8400, per=12.73%, avg=5269.91, stdev=2141.82
    lat (usec) : 10=2.32%, 20=1.44%, 50=0.16%, 100=0.10%, 250=9.09%
    lat (usec) : 500=39.62%, 750=21.80%, 1000=11.07%
    lat (msec) : 2=10.71%, 4=2.52%, 10=0.90%, 20=0.17%, 50=0.07%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.08%, sys=6.95%, ctx=592221, majf=0, minf=76
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=620961/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=2425.7MB, aggrb=41395KB/s, minb=41395KB/s, maxb=41395KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=594911/18, merge=0/14, ticks=171728/52, in_queue=171344, util=84.01%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=31871: Sun Sep  1 18:19:59 2019
  write: io=5841.6MB, bw=99669KB/s, iops=24917, runt= 60016msec
    clat (usec): min=5, max=1182.1K, avg=185.99, stdev=4524.79
     lat (usec): min=7, max=1182.1K, avg=208.32, stdev=4665.58
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    7],  5.00th=[    7], 10.00th=[    8], 20.00th=[    9],
     | 30.00th=[   10], 40.00th=[   11], 50.00th=[   11], 60.00th=[   11],
     | 70.00th=[   12], 80.00th=[   12], 90.00th=[   14], 95.00th=[   17],
     | 99.00th=[ 1384], 99.50th=[12096], 99.90th=[28032], 99.95th=[33536],
     | 99.99th=[105984]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=21832, per=13.67%, avg=13624.13, stdev=4833.63
    lat (usec) : 10=21.53%, 20=74.46%, 50=2.26%, 100=0.30%, 250=0.30%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.06%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.06%, 4=0.10%, 10=0.28%, 20=0.35%, 50=0.22%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=4.67%, sys=5.46%, ctx=46646, majf=0, minf=69
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=1495438/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=5841.6MB, aggrb=99669KB/s, minb=99669KB/s, maxb=99669KB/s, mint=60016msec, maxt=60016msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=293/392197, merge=0/6829, ticks=1880/4791112, in_queue=4793768, util=82.90%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=31858: Sun Sep  1 18:18:59 2019
  read : io=2344.4MB, bw=40008KB/s, iops=10001, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=53, max=1300.2K, avg=763.80, stdev=3474.39
     lat (usec): min=55, max=1300.2K, avg=769.36, stdev=3476.61
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  143],  5.00th=[  207], 10.00th=[  253], 20.00th=[  318],
     | 30.00th=[  378], 40.00th=[  450], 50.00th=[  540], 60.00th=[  652],
     | 70.00th=[  772], 80.00th=[  940], 90.00th=[ 1288], 95.00th=[ 1784],
     | 99.00th=[ 3856], 99.50th=[ 5600], 99.90th=[13120], 99.95th=[19328],
     | 99.99th=[44800]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    9, max= 8496, per=12.69%, avg=5076.46, stdev=1793.14
    lat (usec) : 100=0.10%, 250=9.49%, 500=35.90%, 750=22.95%, 1000=14.00%
    lat (msec) : 2=13.76%, 4=2.87%, 10=0.75%, 20=0.13%, 50=0.04%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.23%, sys=6.54%, ctx=601201, majf=0, minf=76
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=600154/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=2344.4MB, aggrb=40007KB/s, minb=40007KB/s, maxb=40007KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=598966/9, merge=0/5, ticks=194768/4, in_queue=194352, util=86.55%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=31896: Sun Sep  1 18:21:01 2019
  write: io=758060KB, bw=12632KB/s, iops=3158, runt= 60011msec
    clat (usec): min=98, max=533622, avg=2511.65, stdev=11053.52
     lat (usec): min=100, max=533625, avg=2515.25, stdev=11054.15
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  131],  5.00th=[  143], 10.00th=[  155], 20.00th=[  177],
     | 30.00th=[  197], 40.00th=[  217], 50.00th=[  237], 60.00th=[  266],
     | 70.00th=[  302], 80.00th=[  370], 90.00th=[  644], 95.00th=[25728],
     | 99.00th=[32384], 99.50th=[35584], 99.90th=[48896], 99.95th=[119296],
     | 99.99th=[460800]
    bw (KB  /s): min=  106, max= 2561, per=12.73%, avg=1608.20, stdev=391.86
    lat (usec) : 100=0.01%, 250=54.90%, 500=32.31%, 750=3.63%, 1000=0.85%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.59%, 4=0.16%, 10=0.09%, 20=0.10%, 50=7.27%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.04%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.03%, 750=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.84%, sys=3.27%, ctx=394058, majf=0, minf=67
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=189515/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=758060KB, aggrb=12632KB/s, minb=12632KB/s, maxb=12632KB/s, mint=60011msec, maxt=60011msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=135/189261, merge=0/2310, ticks=260/47292, in_queue=47780, util=72.85%

fio (MD)Read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=725: Sun Sep  1 18:21:06 2019
  read : io=3620.1MB, bw=61795KB/s, iops=15448, runt= 60002msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=421928, avg=499.00, stdev=1567.53
     lat (usec): min=5, max=421929, avg=502.28, stdev=1570.05
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    6],  5.00th=[  120], 10.00th=[  177], 20.00th=[  235],
     | 30.00th=[  274], 40.00th=[  314], 50.00th=[  358], 60.00th=[  410],
     | 70.00th=[  486], 80.00th=[  596], 90.00th=[  836], 95.00th=[ 1128],
     | 99.00th=[ 2832], 99.50th=[ 4320], 99.90th=[ 8768], 99.95th=[11968],
     | 99.99th=[34048]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   63, max=11864, per=12.53%, avg=7743.07, stdev=2025.73
    lat (usec) : 10=2.82%, 20=0.24%, 50=0.21%, 100=0.65%, 250=19.78%
    lat (usec) : 500=48.02%, 750=15.78%, 1000=5.98%
    lat (msec) : 2=4.82%, 4=1.12%, 10=0.51%, 20=0.06%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.16%, sys=6.70%, ctx=895140, majf=0, minf=76
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=926956/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3620.1MB, aggrb=61795KB/s, minb=61795KB/s, maxb=61795KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=895284/9, merge=0/6, ticks=192912/48, in_queue=192488, util=88.29%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=751: Sun Sep  1 18:23:20 2019
  write: io=5957.5MB, bw=101655KB/s, iops=25413, runt= 60011msec
    clat (usec): min=4, max=3615.9K, avg=210.69, stdev=12600.90
     lat (usec): min=5, max=3615.9K, avg=228.05, stdev=12685.41
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    5],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    6], 20.00th=[    7],
     | 30.00th=[    7], 40.00th=[    8], 50.00th=[    8], 60.00th=[    8],
     | 70.00th=[    9], 80.00th=[    9], 90.00th=[   10], 95.00th=[   13],
     | 99.00th=[  147], 99.50th=[ 7968], 99.90th=[28032], 99.95th=[36096],
     | 99.99th=[254976]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=28111, per=15.41%, avg=15665.93, stdev=7515.70
    lat (usec) : 10=84.10%, 20=13.19%, 50=1.12%, 100=0.42%, 250=0.27%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.07%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.06%, 4=0.09%, 10=0.21%, 20=0.23%, 50=0.17%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%, >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.78%, sys=4.40%, ctx=44638, majf=0, minf=70
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=1525105/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=5957.5MB, aggrb=101655KB/s, minb=101655KB/s, maxb=101655KB/s, mint=60011msec, maxt=60011msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=260/271490, merge=0/9232, ticks=3700/6093556, in_queue=6097168, util=94.72%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=738: Sun Sep  1 18:22:19 2019
  read : io=3310.5MB, bw=56495KB/s, iops=14123, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=41, max=56402, avg=545.26, stdev=795.74
     lat (usec): min=42, max=56404, avg=548.75, stdev=801.70
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  104],  5.00th=[  151], 10.00th=[  187], 20.00th=[  239],
     | 30.00th=[  282], 40.00th=[  326], 50.00th=[  382], 60.00th=[  454],
     | 70.00th=[  540], 80.00th=[  668], 90.00th=[  924], 95.00th=[ 1272],
     | 99.00th=[ 3184], 99.50th=[ 4832], 99.90th=[10304], 99.95th=[13888],
     | 99.99th=[24192]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 3608, max=10648, per=12.52%, avg=7072.14, stdev=1259.64
    lat (usec) : 50=0.01%, 100=0.75%, 250=21.84%, 500=42.72%, 750=18.85%
    lat (usec) : 1000=7.58%
    lat (msec) : 2=6.04%, 4=1.54%, 10=0.57%, 20=0.09%, 50=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.02%, sys=6.29%, ctx=845766, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=847462/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3310.5MB, aggrb=56494KB/s, minb=56494KB/s, maxb=56494KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=846682/11, merge=0/6, ticks=224952/40, in_queue=224480, util=89.22%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=768: Sun Sep  1 18:24:21 2019
  write: io=912340KB, bw=15195KB/s, iops=3798, runt= 60043msec
    clat (usec): min=70, max=2025.8K, avg=2091.37, stdev=19475.86
     lat (usec): min=72, max=2025.8K, avg=2093.79, stdev=19475.96
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   93],  5.00th=[  104], 10.00th=[  113], 20.00th=[  129],
     | 30.00th=[  141], 40.00th=[  153], 50.00th=[  165], 60.00th=[  183],
     | 70.00th=[  207], 80.00th=[  253], 90.00th=[  418], 95.00th=[22400],
     | 99.00th=[35072], 99.50th=[38656], 99.90th=[48384], 99.95th=[79360],
     | 99.99th=[1011712]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   33, max= 3175, per=13.41%, avg=2037.35, stdev=545.73
    lat (usec) : 100=2.70%, 250=76.85%, 500=11.94%, 750=1.65%, 1000=0.54%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.56%, 4=0.30%, 10=0.15%, 20=0.04%, 50=5.17%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.05%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.02%, 750=0.01%, 2000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.71%, sys=2.70%, ctx=468028, majf=0, minf=84
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=228085/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=912340KB, aggrb=15194KB/s, minb=15194KB/s, maxb=15194KB/s, mint=60043msec, maxt=60043msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=251/228180, merge=0/2274, ticks=54132/54884, in_queue=109212, util=77.85%

fio (LV)Read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30260: Mon Sep 16 19:15:51 2019
  read : io=7298.2MB, bw=124552KB/s, iops=31138, runt= 60001msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=9331, avg=246.19, stdev=184.71
     lat (usec): min=4, max=9332, avg=248.14, stdev=185.21
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    4],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[  118], 20.00th=[  163],
     | 30.00th=[  187], 40.00th=[  209], 50.00th=[  229], 60.00th=[  249],
     | 70.00th=[  274], 80.00th=[  318], 90.00th=[  386], 95.00th=[  450],
     | 99.00th=[  700], 99.50th=[ 1020], 99.90th=[ 2768], 99.95th=[ 3088],
     | 99.99th=[ 4320]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 9640, max=19312, per=12.50%, avg=15564.41, stdev=1923.50
    lat (usec) : 4=0.03%, 10=6.21%, 20=1.06%, 50=0.19%, 100=1.00%
    lat (usec) : 250=51.87%, 500=36.50%, 750=2.29%, 1000=0.35%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.29%, 4=0.21%, 10=0.02%
  cpu          : usr=4.11%, sys=7.96%, ctx=1736633, majf=2, minf=79
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1868316/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=7298.2MB, aggrb=124552KB/s, minb=124552KB/s, maxb=124552KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1723192/7, merge=0/6, ticks=92616/0, in_queue=92060, util=89.49%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30298: Mon Sep 16 19:17:59 2019
  write: io=15828MB, bw=270089KB/s, iops=67522, runt= 60009msec
    clat (usec): min=3, max=422856, avg=67.39, stdev=1253.64
     lat (usec): min=4, max=422858, avg=76.81, stdev=1334.49
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    4],  5.00th=[    4], 10.00th=[    4], 20.00th=[    4],
     | 30.00th=[    5], 40.00th=[    5], 50.00th=[    5], 60.00th=[    5],
     | 70.00th=[    5], 80.00th=[    6], 90.00th=[    7], 95.00th=[    9],
     | 99.00th=[   21], 99.50th=[ 1752], 99.90th=[18304], 99.95th=[23936],
     | 99.99th=[32128]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=45536, per=12.74%, avg=34396.28, stdev=6030.11
    lat (usec) : 4=0.06%, 10=96.62%, 20=2.29%, 50=0.26%, 100=0.09%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.06%, 500=0.05%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.05%, 4=0.07%, 10=0.16%, 20=0.17%, 50=0.08%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=5.44%, sys=5.56%, ctx=82279, majf=0, minf=84
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=4051946/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=15828MB, aggrb=270089KB/s, minb=270089KB/s, maxb=270089KB/s, mint=60009msec, maxt=60009msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=563/1293995, merge=0/12052, ticks=1668/3813796, in_queue=3815344, util=58.45%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30277: Mon Sep 16 19:16:58 2019
  read : io=7164.9MB, bw=122276KB/s, iops=30569, runt= 60002msec
    clat (usec): min=32, max=26274, avg=250.65, stdev=211.58
     lat (usec): min=33, max=26276, avg=252.67, stdev=212.56
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   91],  5.00th=[  122], 10.00th=[  141], 20.00th=[  165],
     | 30.00th=[  185], 40.00th=[  203], 50.00th=[  219], 60.00th=[  239],
     | 70.00th=[  266], 80.00th=[  306], 90.00th=[  374], 95.00th=[  438],
     | 99.00th=[  740], 99.50th=[ 1048], 99.90th=[ 2672], 99.95th=[ 3856],
     | 99.99th=[ 7392]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 3904, max=19992, per=12.50%, avg=15288.18, stdev=2617.92
    lat (usec) : 50=0.02%, 100=1.70%, 250=62.96%, 500=32.36%, 750=1.99%
    lat (usec) : 1000=0.43%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.37%, 4=0.12%, 10=0.04%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=4.16%, sys=7.65%, ctx=1839930, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1834207/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=7164.9MB, aggrb=122276KB/s, minb=122276KB/s, maxb=122276KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1831922/10, merge=0/5, ticks=111128/0, in_queue=110548, util=92.60%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=30314: Mon Sep 16 19:18:59 2019
  write: io=2170.5MB, bw=37039KB/s, iops=9259, runt= 60005msec
    clat (usec): min=55, max=281711, avg=854.04, stdev=4932.61
     lat (usec): min=56, max=281713, avg=855.74, stdev=4932.69
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   63],  5.00th=[   68], 10.00th=[   71], 20.00th=[   79],
     | 30.00th=[   84], 40.00th=[   85], 50.00th=[   87], 60.00th=[   90],
     | 70.00th=[   95], 80.00th=[  105], 90.00th=[  125], 95.00th=[  181],
     | 99.00th=[24704], 99.50th=[25472], 99.90th=[27776], 99.95th=[29568],
     | 99.99th=[201728]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 1988, max= 6319, per=12.57%, avg=4657.35, stdev=751.24
    lat (usec) : 100=74.81%, 250=21.30%, 500=0.65%, 750=0.06%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.03%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.26%, 50=2.84%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.21%, sys=3.69%, ctx=1128730, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=555638/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=2170.5MB, aggrb=37039KB/s, minb=37039KB/s, maxb=37039KB/s, mint=60005msec, maxt=60005msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=201/555186, merge=0/1670, ticks=264/43420, in_queue=43564, util=68.46%

Speedtest (EN)

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Webhost LLC (45.67.230.12)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Moldtelecom JSC (Chisinau) [8.15 km]: 34.064 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 65.92 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 74.83 Mbit/s

Speedtest (NL)

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Pq Hosting S.r.l. (45.67.228.18)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Solcon (Dronten) [37.27 km]: 24.408 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 532.35 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 243.09 Mbit/s

Speedtest (MD)

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Pq Hosting S.r.l. (45.67.229.16)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by trabia network (Chisinau) [4.54 km]: 27.908 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 576.51 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 448.82 Mbit/s

Speedtest (LV)

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Pq Hosting S.r.l. (45.142.213.19)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by AS Balticom (Riga) [54.59 km]: 21.875 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 159.01 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 177.19 Mbit/s

Virtual server from Good-Host:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • equipment in France (Gravelines, DC OVH);
  • FR-KVM-Micro tariff (5 GB SSD / 1x 4.2 GHz CPU / 0.4 GB RAM / 50 Mbit/s for 79 rubles per month).

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-8-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.144-3 (2019-02-02)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3 (8400.0 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   17:16:59 up 95 days,  5:52,  1 user,  load average: 0.75, 0.27, 0.10; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Thu Aug 08 2019 17:16:59 - 17:46:19
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       44766634.3 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3458.0 MWIPS (16.7 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               4181.1 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        327836.3 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           90502.7 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks       1034806.4 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              457766.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 101717.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                              10014.0 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   7089.9 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    857.8 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         437065.5 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   44766634.3   3836.0
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3458.0    628.7
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       4181.1    972.4
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     327836.3    827.9
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      90502.7    546.8
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0    1034806.4   1784.1
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     457766.5    368.0
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     101717.1    254.3
Process Creation                                126.0      10014.0    794.8
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       7089.9   1672.1
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        857.8   1429.6
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     437065.5    291.4
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         824.1

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 3.95631 s, 543 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 5.13958 s, 418 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=28344: Thu Aug  8 17:47:34 2019
  read : io=3617.8MB, bw=61740KB/s, iops=15434, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=20244, avg=507.39, stdev=657.11
     lat (usec): min=2, max=20252, avg=509.08, stdev=658.24
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   43],  5.00th=[   88], 10.00th=[  119], 20.00th=[  183],
     | 30.00th=[  235], 40.00th=[  270], 50.00th=[  318], 60.00th=[  390],
     | 70.00th=[  502], 80.00th=[  700], 90.00th=[ 1048], 95.00th=[ 1384],
     | 99.00th=[ 3088], 99.50th=[ 4192], 99.90th=[ 8640], 99.95th=[ 9792],
     | 99.99th=[13120]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 2936, max=12160, per=12.52%, avg=7729.75, stdev=1794.96
    lat (usec) : 4=0.32%, 10=0.51%, 20=0.04%, 50=0.35%, 100=5.57%
    lat (usec) : 250=27.40%, 500=35.58%, 750=12.24%, 1000=7.03%
    lat (msec) : 2=8.72%, 4=1.67%, 10=0.52%, 20=0.04%, 50=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.78%, sys=5.37%, ctx=928767, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=926143/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3617.8MB, aggrb=61739KB/s, minb=61739KB/s, maxb=61739KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=918065/11, merge=0/8, ticks=298336/0, in_queue=298004, util=85.51%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=28370: Thu Aug  8 17:49:40 2019
  write: io=14871MB, bw=253765KB/s, iops=63441, runt= 60007msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=340674, avg=85.73, stdev=1560.02
     lat (usec): min=3, max=340675, avg=92.59, stdev=1615.60
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    4],
     | 30.00th=[    4], 40.00th=[    4], 50.00th=[    4], 60.00th=[    5],
     | 70.00th=[    5], 80.00th=[    6], 90.00th=[    7], 95.00th=[    8],
     | 99.00th=[  101], 99.50th=[ 4832], 99.90th=[17536], 99.95th=[24448],
     | 99.99th=[62208]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=44688, per=12.85%, avg=32599.96, stdev=9507.40
    lat (usec) : 4=14.30%, 10=82.52%, 20=1.89%, 50=0.16%, 100=0.12%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.13%, 500=0.10%, 750=0.04%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.06%, 4=0.11%, 10=0.28%, 20=0.19%, 50=0.07%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.01%, sys=6.04%, ctx=93095, majf=0, minf=68
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=3806920/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=14871MB, aggrb=253765KB/s, minb=253765KB/s, maxb=253765KB/s, mint=60007msec, maxt=60007msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=373/2418666, merge=0/14165, ticks=896/5007780, in_queue=5009012, util=83.23%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=28357: Thu Aug  8 17:48:40 2019
  read : io=4671.6MB, bw=79726KB/s, iops=19931, runt= 60002msec
    clat (usec): min=25, max=17184, avg=391.87, stdev=504.53
     lat (usec): min=25, max=17185, avg=393.42, stdev=505.54
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   53],  5.00th=[   77], 10.00th=[  100], 20.00th=[  145],
     | 30.00th=[  191], 40.00th=[  225], 50.00th=[  258], 60.00th=[  310],
     | 70.00th=[  386], 80.00th=[  524], 90.00th=[  796], 95.00th=[ 1080],
     | 99.00th=[ 2096], 99.50th=[ 3152], 99.90th=[ 6304], 99.95th=[ 8640],
     | 99.99th=[11584]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 3136, max=14952, per=12.49%, avg=9961.36, stdev=2158.45
    lat (usec) : 50=0.69%, 100=9.08%, 250=37.88%, 500=31.07%, 750=10.17%
    lat (usec) : 1000=5.03%
    lat (msec) : 2=5.00%, 4=0.77%, 10=0.29%, 20=0.02%
  cpu          : usr=2.09%, sys=5.15%, ctx=1204505, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1195923/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=4671.6MB, aggrb=79725KB/s, minb=79725KB/s, maxb=79725KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1191412/11, merge=0/7, ticks=308900/0, in_queue=308564, util=88.02%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=28387: Thu Aug  8 17:50:41 2019
  write: io=721664KB, bw=12027KB/s, iops=3006, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=25, max=335859, avg=2651.82, stdev=12755.43
     lat (usec): min=26, max=335860, avg=2653.19, stdev=12756.13
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[   40],  5.00th=[   49], 10.00th=[   58], 20.00th=[   75],
     | 30.00th=[   93], 40.00th=[  112], 50.00th=[  137], 60.00th=[  173],
     | 70.00th=[  229], 80.00th=[  334], 90.00th=[  740], 95.00th=[ 3824],
     | 99.00th=[69120], 99.50th=[80384], 99.90th=[113152], 99.95th=[144384],
     | 99.99th=[242688]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   39, max= 3136, per=12.60%, avg=1515.42, stdev=576.26
    lat (usec) : 50=5.03%, 100=28.72%, 250=38.87%, 500=13.86%, 750=3.64%
    lat (usec) : 1000=1.58%
    lat (msec) : 2=2.12%, 4=1.28%, 10=1.09%, 20=0.07%, 50=1.05%
    lat (msec) : 100=2.51%, 250=0.16%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.36%, sys=1.63%, ctx=365230, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=180416/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=721664KB, aggrb=12027KB/s, minb=12027KB/s, maxb=12027KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=203/180493, merge=0/2174, ticks=116/52384, in_queue=52424, util=86.20%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from OVH SAS (5.196.205.67)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Orange (Paris) [1.88 km]: 8.941 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 205.61 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 176.93 Mbit/s

Virtual server from AdminVPS:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • equipment in Russia (Moscow);
  • VPS Lite tariff (10 GB SSD / 1x 2.5 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s, 1 TB of traffic for 90 rubles per month).

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 2.6.32-042stab136.1 -- #1 SMP Wed Feb 27 09:04:24 MSK 2019
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="ANSI_X3.4-1968", collate="ANSI_X3.4-1968")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v3 @ 2.50GHz (4999.6 bogomips)
          Hyper-Threading, x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   15:53:14 up  3:18,  1 user,  load average: 0.59, 0.17, 0.05; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Fri Aug 30 2019 15:53:14 - 16:21:22
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       28170580.3 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3711.6 MWIPS (9.9 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2982.4 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        225229.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           91046.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        888742.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              650654.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 138666.0 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               7152.4 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   5964.2 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    767.5 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         511002.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   28170580.3   2413.9
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3711.6    674.8
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2982.4    693.6
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     225229.6    568.8
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      91046.0    550.1
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     888742.6   1532.3
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     650654.6    523.0
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     138666.0    346.7
Process Creation                                126.0       7152.4    567.7
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       5964.2   1406.7
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        767.5   1279.2
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     511002.9    340.7
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         754.8

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 2.94045 s, 730 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 3.55853 s, 603 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14900: Fri Aug 30 16:22:34 2019
  read : io=54984MB, bw=938352KB/s, iops=234587, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=62031, avg=26.56, stdev=446.34
     lat (usec): min=1, max=62031, avg=26.96, stdev=450.31
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    1],  5.00th=[    2], 10.00th=[    2], 20.00th=[    2],
     | 30.00th=[    2], 40.00th=[    2], 50.00th=[    2], 60.00th=[    2],
     | 70.00th=[    2], 80.00th=[    3], 90.00th=[    3], 95.00th=[   31],
     | 99.00th=[  165], 99.50th=[  217], 99.90th=[ 7072], 99.95th=[ 9024],
     | 99.99th=[15040]
    bw (KB  /s): min=21456, max=174302, per=12.47%, avg=117027.11, stdev=42929.20
    lat (usec) : 2=4.60%, 4=89.15%, 10=1.10%, 20=0.01%, 50=1.05%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.35%, 250=3.34%, 500=0.16%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.16%, 20=0.04%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.61%, sys=9.53%, ctx=620299, majf=0, minf=570
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=14075979/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=54984MB, aggrb=938351KB/s, minb=938351KB/s, maxb=938351KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14928: Fri Aug 30 16:24:40 2019
  write: io=36143MB, bw=616817KB/s, iops=154204, runt= 60002msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=1303.1K, avg=21.52, stdev=949.49
     lat (usec): min=2, max=1303.2K, avg=21.87, stdev=954.55
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    2],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    3],
     | 30.00th=[    3], 40.00th=[    3], 50.00th=[    3], 60.00th=[    4],
     | 70.00th=[    4], 80.00th=[    4], 90.00th=[    4], 95.00th=[    5],
     | 99.00th=[    7], 99.50th=[   16], 99.90th=[ 4016], 99.95th=[12992],
     | 99.99th=[26240]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=115099, per=14.05%, avg=86648.06, stdev=26702.40
    lat (usec) : 2=0.01%, 4=51.15%, 10=48.21%, 20=0.22%, 50=0.15%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.05%, 250=0.04%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.03%, 4=0.04%, 10=0.04%, 20=0.05%, 50=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=1.72%, sys=8.45%, ctx=144694, majf=0, minf=294
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=9252559/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=36143MB, aggrb=616816KB/s, minb=616816KB/s, maxb=616816KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14914: Fri Aug 30 16:23:39 2019
  read : io=59737MB, bw=995.59MB/s, iops=254865, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=72040, avg=24.00, stdev=599.88
     lat (usec): min=1, max=72040, avg=24.41, stdev=606.49
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    1],  5.00th=[    1], 10.00th=[    1], 20.00th=[    2],
     | 30.00th=[    2], 40.00th=[    2], 50.00th=[    2], 60.00th=[    2],
     | 70.00th=[    2], 80.00th=[    2], 90.00th=[    3], 95.00th=[    4],
     | 99.00th=[  151], 99.50th=[  173], 99.90th=[ 7008], 99.95th=[ 8032],
     | 99.99th=[37120]
    bw (KB  /s): min=19192, max=184384, per=12.46%, avg=127002.56, stdev=45462.78
    lat (usec) : 2=12.84%, 4=81.80%, 10=0.65%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.99%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.38%, 250=3.13%, 500=0.06%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.10%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.67%, sys=9.58%, ctx=593780, majf=0, minf=593
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=15292680/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=59737MB, aggrb=995.59MB/s, minb=995.59MB/s, maxb=995.59MB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=14942: Fri Aug 30 16:25:41 2019
  write: io=39225MB, bw=669414KB/s, iops=167353, runt= 60003msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=379827, avg=20.92, stdev=624.60
     lat (usec): min=2, max=379827, avg=21.34, stdev=634.38
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    3],
     | 30.00th=[    3], 40.00th=[    3], 50.00th=[    4], 60.00th=[    4],
     | 70.00th=[    4], 80.00th=[    4], 90.00th=[    5], 95.00th=[    6],
     | 99.00th=[    8], 99.50th=[   18], 99.90th=[ 5024], 99.95th=[12992],
     | 99.99th=[25984]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=116944, per=13.08%, avg=87547.30, stdev=21280.85
    lat (usec) : 2=0.01%, 4=45.51%, 10=53.73%, 20=0.29%, 50=0.17%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.07%, 250=0.04%, 500=0.02%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.02%, 4=0.03%, 10=0.04%, 20=0.05%, 50=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.02%, sys=8.87%, ctx=143552, majf=0, minf=292
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=10041717/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=39225MB, aggrb=669414KB/s, minb=669414KB/s, maxb=669414KB/s, mint=60003msec, maxt=60003msec

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from AdminVPS LLC (45.128.204.77)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Megafon (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 9.505 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 46.59 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 223.60 Mbit/s

Virtual server from FirstVDS:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • the equipment is located in its own DC WebDC in Khimki;
  • warm-up tariff (10 GB HDD / 1x 1.6 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s for 90 rubles per month);
  • limitation of one server with this tariff per account.

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 2.6.32-042stab138.1 -- #1 SMP Wed May 15 09:33:10 MSK 2019
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="ANSI_X3.4-1968", collate="ANSI_X3.4-1968")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5645 @ 2.40GHz (4799.4 bogomips)
          Hyper-Threading, x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   11:09:19 up 6 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.63, 0.26, 0.09; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Thu Sep 19 2019 11:09:19 - 11:38:17
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       25600667.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3365.6 MWIPS (9.7 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2971.8 lps   (29.4 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        361593.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           95868.2 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        940425.2 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              688570.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 143289.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               7362.8 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   5899.8 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    792.8 lpm   (60.1 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         548701.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   25600667.1   2193.7
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3365.6    611.9
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2971.8    691.1
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     361593.6    913.1
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      95868.2    579.3
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     940425.2   1621.4
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     688570.1    553.5
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     143289.6    358.2
Process Creation                                126.0       7362.8    584.3
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       5899.8   1391.5
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        792.8   1321.4
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     548701.6    365.8
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         793.2

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 2.6182 s, 820 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 3.26521 s, 658 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12163: Thu Sep 19 11:39:42 2019
  read : io=114900KB, bw=1913.3KB/s, iops=478, runt= 60056msec
    clat (usec): min=457, max=260997, avg=16710.38, stdev=12073.24
     lat (usec): min=457, max=260998, avg=16710.77, stdev=12073.25
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[ 1672],  5.00th=[ 3376], 10.00th=[ 5344], 20.00th=[ 9280],
     | 30.00th=[11968], 40.00th=[13888], 50.00th=[15168], 60.00th=[16064],
     | 70.00th=[18048], 80.00th=[20864], 90.00th=[27520], 95.00th=[36096],
     | 99.00th=[63232], 99.50th=[84480], 99.90th=[120320], 99.95th=[126464],
     | 99.99th=[203776]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   77, max=  974, per=12.53%, avg=239.67, stdev=72.01
    lat (usec) : 500=0.01%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.09%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.55%, 4=4.97%, 10=15.51%, 20=55.45%, 50=20.53%
    lat (msec) : 100=1.50%, 250=0.37%, 500=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.07%, sys=0.21%, ctx=55467, majf=0, minf=337
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=28725/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=114900KB, aggrb=1913KB/s, minb=1913KB/s, maxb=1913KB/s, mint=60056msec, maxt=60056msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop64982p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12197: Thu Sep 19 11:41:57 2019
  write: io=1083.5MB, bw=18467KB/s, iops=4616, runt= 60076msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=6926.2K, avg=367.68, stdev=21842.99
     lat (usec): min=2, max=6926.2K, avg=367.90, stdev=21843.36
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    3],
     | 30.00th=[    3], 40.00th=[    4], 50.00th=[    4], 60.00th=[    4],
     | 70.00th=[    5], 80.00th=[    5], 90.00th=[    6], 95.00th=[    8],
     | 99.00th=[ 4192], 99.50th=[ 7904], 99.90th=[69120], 99.95th=[123392],
     | 99.99th=[399360]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=80926, per=32.72%, avg=6041.82, stdev=14957.11
    lat (usec) : 4=34.19%, 10=61.97%, 20=2.06%, 50=0.22%, 100=0.08%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.03%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.06%, 4=0.27%, 10=0.71%, 20=0.20%, 50=0.05%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.03%, 250=0.08%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%, >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.11%, sys=0.29%, ctx=9814, majf=0, minf=316
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=277362/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=1083.5MB, aggrb=18467KB/s, minb=18467KB/s, maxb=18467KB/s, mint=60076msec, maxt=60076msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop64982p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12180: Thu Sep 19 11:40:56 2019
  read : io=116792KB, bw=1946.3KB/s, iops=486, runt= 60010msec
    clat (usec): min=661, max=214319, avg=16434.78, stdev=9799.39
     lat (usec): min=662, max=214320, avg=16435.17, stdev=9799.40
    clat percentiles (msec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    7], 20.00th=[   11],
     | 30.00th=[   13], 40.00th=[   15], 50.00th=[   16], 60.00th=[   17],
     | 70.00th=[   18], 80.00th=[   21], 90.00th=[   27], 95.00th=[   35],
     | 99.00th=[   53], 99.50th=[   61], 99.90th=[   85], 99.95th=[  102],
     | 99.99th=[  157]
    bw (KB  /s): min=   63, max=  608, per=12.50%, avg=243.27, stdev=57.65
    lat (usec) : 750=0.01%, 1000=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.96%, 4=3.90%, 10=14.93%, 20=58.60%, 50=20.37%
    lat (msec) : 100=1.15%, 250=0.06%
  cpu          : usr=0.07%, sys=0.22%, ctx=59042, majf=0, minf=345
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=29198/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=116792KB, aggrb=1946KB/s, minb=1946KB/s, maxb=1946KB/s, mint=60010msec, maxt=60010msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop64982p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=12214: Thu Sep 19 11:43:02 2019
  write: io=9637.8MB, bw=156250KB/s, iops=39062, runt= 63162msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=3426.4K, avg=52.82, stdev=5360.24
     lat (usec): min=2, max=3431.9K, avg=53.16, stdev=5364.23
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    2],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    3],
     | 30.00th=[    3], 40.00th=[    3], 50.00th=[    3], 60.00th=[    3],
     | 70.00th=[    4], 80.00th=[    4], 90.00th=[    4], 95.00th=[    5],
     | 99.00th=[    9], 99.50th=[   26], 99.90th=[10048], 99.95th=[12224],
     | 99.99th=[50944]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=128798, per=27.35%, avg=42731.62, stdev=35978.01
    lat (usec) : 4=67.85%, 10=31.28%, 20=0.31%, 50=0.16%, 100=0.04%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.02%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.03%, 4=0.04%, 10=0.14%, 20=0.07%, 50=0.02%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%, >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.73%, sys=2.03%, ctx=81357, majf=0, minf=314
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=2467265/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=9637.8MB, aggrb=156249KB/s, minb=156249KB/s, maxb=156249KB/s, mint=63162msec, maxt=63162msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  ploop64982p1: ios=0/0, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from JSC IOT (62.109.10.90)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by RETN (Moscow) [0.12 km]: 2.969 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 88.09 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 85.93 Mbit/s

Virtual server from VPSHoster:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • the equipment is located in Russia (Moscow, DC Marosnet) and Latvia (unfortunately, without a test);
  • Cloud Pico plan (5 GB SSD / 1x 2.26 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 10 Mbit/s for 99 rubles per month).

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-9-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u5 (2019-08-11)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="UTF-8", collate="UTF-8")
   CPU 0: QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (4533.5 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   19:01:21 up 5 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.82, 0.31, 0.11; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Fri Aug 30 2019 19:01:21 - 19:29:52
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       21765832.2 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     2833.6 MWIPS (9.6 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               2180.1 lps   (29.6 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        170044.4 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           44415.3 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        529105.8 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              245395.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  54778.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               5248.8 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   4598.2 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    607.0 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         214860.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   21765832.2   1865.1
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       2833.6    515.2
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       2180.1    507.0
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     170044.4    429.4
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      44415.3    268.4
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     529105.8    912.3
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     245395.9    197.3
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      54778.9    136.9
Process Creation                                126.0       5248.8    416.6
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       4598.2   1084.5
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        607.0   1011.7
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     214860.1    143.2
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         460.3

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 100.5 s, 21.4 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 98.6091 s, 21.8 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=1656: Fri Aug 30 19:35:36 2019
  read : io=3989.2MB, bw=68076KB/s, iops=17019, runt= 60004msec
    clat (usec): min=5, max=136069, avg=455.71, stdev=570.96
     lat (usec): min=7, max=136071, avg=457.93, stdev=573.08
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  183],  5.00th=[  249], 10.00th=[  286], 20.00th=[  330],
     | 30.00th=[  362], 40.00th=[  394], 50.00th=[  418], 60.00th=[  446],
     | 70.00th=[  482], 80.00th=[  524], 90.00th=[  620], 95.00th=[  724],
     | 99.00th=[ 1240], 99.50th=[ 1608], 99.90th=[ 2896], 99.95th=[ 5088],
     | 99.99th=[15808]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 4664, max= 9752, per=12.50%, avg=8512.83, stdev=722.84
    lat (usec) : 10=0.03%, 20=0.20%, 50=0.27%, 100=0.05%, 250=4.56%
    lat (usec) : 500=69.72%, 750=20.87%, 1000=2.80%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.29%, 4=0.16%, 10=0.04%, 20=0.02%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.76%, sys=9.35%, ctx=1025023, majf=0, minf=74
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1021210/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3989.2MB, aggrb=68076KB/s, minb=68076KB/s, maxb=68076KB/s, mint=60004msec, maxt=60004msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1013181/9, merge=0/4, ticks=110508/0, in_queue=109852, util=96.31%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=1694: Fri Aug 30 19:38:53 2019
  write: io=6403.8MB, bw=109257KB/s, iops=27314, runt= 60018msec
    clat (usec): min=6, max=924982, avg=215.01, stdev=3585.50
     lat (usec): min=8, max=924984, avg=227.42, stdev=3631.69
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    7],  5.00th=[    8], 10.00th=[    8], 20.00th=[    8],
     | 30.00th=[    8], 40.00th=[    9], 50.00th=[   12], 60.00th=[   16],
     | 70.00th=[   16], 80.00th=[   18], 90.00th=[   24], 95.00th=[   34],
     | 99.00th=[ 5984], 99.50th=[13888], 99.90th=[25984], 99.95th=[32640],
     | 99.99th=[103936]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=22274, per=13.14%, avg=14350.91, stdev=4988.36
    lat (usec) : 10=43.34%, 20=40.96%, 50=12.67%, 100=0.83%, 250=0.39%
    lat (usec) : 500=0.17%, 750=0.05%, 1000=0.04%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.13%, 4=0.22%, 10=0.48%, 20=0.48%, 50=0.21%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=2.97%, sys=6.15%, ctx=93218, majf=0, minf=76
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=1639344/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=6403.8MB, aggrb=109256KB/s, minb=109256KB/s, maxb=109256KB/s, mint=60018msec, maxt=60018msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=162/1011414, merge=0/10885, ticks=4/2873892, in_queue=2878996, util=98.03%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=1681: Fri Aug 30 19:37:53 2019
  read : io=5401.3MB, bw=92171KB/s, iops=23042, runt= 60007msec
    clat (usec): min=59, max=78186, avg=331.60, stdev=200.65
     lat (usec): min=61, max=78187, avg=333.99, stdev=204.48
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  141],  5.00th=[  181], 10.00th=[  205], 20.00th=[  239],
     | 30.00th=[  266], 40.00th=[  290], 50.00th=[  318], 60.00th=[  342],
     | 70.00th=[  366], 80.00th=[  398], 90.00th=[  458], 95.00th=[  532],
     | 99.00th=[  756], 99.50th=[  900], 99.90th=[ 1496], 99.95th=[ 1848],
     | 99.99th=[ 6752]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 7624, max=12520, per=12.50%, avg=11521.79, stdev=787.53
    lat (usec) : 100=0.06%, 250=23.92%, 500=69.50%, 750=5.51%, 1000=0.67%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.31%, 4=0.02%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.75%, sys=8.62%, ctx=1388538, majf=0, minf=66
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=1382727/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5401.3MB, aggrb=92171KB/s, minb=92171KB/s, maxb=92171KB/s, mint=60007msec, maxt=60007msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=1381633/8, merge=0/4, ticks=134112/0, in_queue=133288, util=98.91%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=1707: Fri Aug 30 19:40:01 2019
  write: io=794504KB, bw=13239KB/s, iops=3309, runt= 60012msec
    clat (usec): min=68, max=49039, avg=2399.92, stdev=7968.19
     lat (usec): min=70, max=49041, avg=2402.85, stdev=7968.29
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  102],  5.00th=[  131], 10.00th=[  153], 20.00th=[  183],
     | 30.00th=[  217], 40.00th=[  255], 50.00th=[  290], 60.00th=[  326],
     | 70.00th=[  362], 80.00th=[  414], 90.00th=[  524], 95.00th=[28800],
     | 99.00th=[36608], 99.50th=[38656], 99.90th=[41216], 99.95th=[42240],
     | 99.99th=[44288]
    bw (KB  /s): min= 1050, max= 3260, per=12.50%, avg=1655.20, stdev=381.52
    lat (usec) : 100=0.85%, 250=37.75%, 500=50.33%, 750=4.27%, 1000=0.07%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.02%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=6.69%
  cpu          : usr=0.71%, sys=3.17%, ctx=411519, majf=0, minf=58
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=198626/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=794504KB, aggrb=13239KB/s, minb=13239KB/s, maxb=13239KB/s, mint=60012msec, maxt=60012msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=163/198371, merge=0/2029, ticks=36/67048, in_queue=66932, util=82.45%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from Tender Consult LLC (45.15.253.158)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by ISP Balnet (Balashikha) [2.50 km]: 13.869 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 72.68 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 83.40 Mbit/s

Virtual server from MyVPS:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • equipment is located in Russia (Moscow);
  • tariff OVZ-256 (10 GB HDD+SSD / 1x 0.6 GHz CPU / 0.25 GB RAM / 10 Mbit/s for 99 rubles per month).

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 3.16.0-042stab125.5 -- #1 SMP Tue Oct 17 12:48:22 MSK 2017
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="ANSI_X3.4-1968", collate="ANSI_X3.4-1968")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 0 @ 2.60GHz (5199.8 bogomips)
          Hyper-Threading, x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET, Intel virtualization
   16:31:09 up 4 min,  1 user,  load average: 1.15, 0.58, 0.22; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Fri Aug 30 2019 16:31:09 - 17:16:10
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables        7193473.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     3936.8 MWIPS (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                                925.1 lps   (29.5 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        132131.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks           31146.0 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks        311906.1 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                              302839.1 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                  56423.7 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               2331.4 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   1713.8 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    231.8 lpm   (60.2 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                         606956.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0    7193473.9    616.4
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       3936.8    715.8
Execl Throughput                                 43.0        925.1    215.1
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     132131.0    333.7
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0      31146.0    188.2
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0     311906.1    537.8
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0     302839.1    243.4
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0      56423.7    141.1
Process Creation                                126.0       2331.4    185.0
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       1713.8    404.2
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        231.8    386.3
System Call Overhead                          15000.0     606956.9    404.6
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                         322.9

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 17.4143 s, 123 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 records in
32768+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB, 2.0 GiB) copied, 28.5987 s, 75.1 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=26682: Fri Aug 30 17:18:34 2019
  read : io=3040.5MB, bw=51874KB/s, iops=12968, runt= 60018msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=1892.9K, avg=614.31, stdev=6031.40
     lat (usec): min=1, max=1892.9K, avg=614.48, stdev=6031.40
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    1],  5.00th=[  125], 10.00th=[  187], 20.00th=[  237],
     | 30.00th=[  266], 40.00th=[  298], 50.00th=[  326], 60.00th=[  362],
     | 70.00th=[  402], 80.00th=[  454], 90.00th=[  556], 95.00th=[  692],
     | 99.00th=[ 6560], 99.50th=[17024], 99.90th=[40704], 99.95th=[48896],
     | 99.99th=[123392]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    4, max=18376, per=12.81%, avg=6645.61, stdev=3143.86
    lat (usec) : 2=1.27%, 4=2.58%, 10=0.02%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.01%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.31%, 250=20.10%, 500=61.29%, 750=10.17%, 1000=1.43%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.21%, 4=0.36%, 10=0.50%, 20=0.30%, 50=0.39%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.03%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.53%, sys=2.04%, ctx=771415, majf=2, minf=391
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=778349/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3040.5MB, aggrb=51874KB/s, minb=51874KB/s, maxb=51874KB/s, mint=60018msec, maxt=60018msec

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=26747: Fri Aug 30 17:21:33 2019
  write: io=244736KB, bw=4053.5KB/s, iops=1013, runt= 60377msec
    clat (usec): min=1, max=18855K, avg=1726.88, stdev=105186.89
     lat (usec): min=1, max=18855K, avg=1727.03, stdev=105186.90
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    2],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    3], 20.00th=[    4],
     | 30.00th=[    4], 40.00th=[    4], 50.00th=[    4], 60.00th=[    5],
     | 70.00th=[    6], 80.00th=[   10], 90.00th=[  724], 95.00th=[  868],
     | 99.00th=[50944], 99.50th=[51456], 99.90th=[54016], 99.95th=[83456],
     | 99.99th=[370688]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    0, max=36376, per=47.16%, avg=1911.33, stdev=4411.56
    lat (usec) : 2=0.04%, 4=18.28%, 10=61.11%, 20=3.07%, 50=0.47%
    lat (usec) : 100=0.12%, 250=0.01%, 500=1.47%, 750=6.52%, 1000=6.02%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.67%, 4=0.17%, 10=0.25%, 20=0.15%, 50=0.28%
    lat (msec) : 100=1.36%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 1000=0.01%, 2000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.02%, sys=0.19%, ctx=100164, majf=0, minf=303
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=61184/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=244736KB, aggrb=4053KB/s, minb=4053KB/s, maxb=4053KB/s, mint=60377msec, maxt=60377msec

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=26716: Fri Aug 30 17:20:18 2019
  read : io=3701.1MB, bw=62630KB/s, iops=15657, runt= 60527msec
    clat (usec): min=70, max=3091.9K, avg=504.94, stdev=11013.15
     lat (usec): min=70, max=3091.9K, avg=505.10, stdev=11013.15
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  135],  5.00th=[  189], 10.00th=[  221], 20.00th=[  258],
     | 30.00th=[  290], 40.00th=[  314], 50.00th=[  342], 60.00th=[  370],
     | 70.00th=[  398], 80.00th=[  442], 90.00th=[  516], 95.00th=[  612],
     | 99.00th=[ 1336], 99.50th=[ 3664], 99.90th=[21120], 99.95th=[29312],
     | 99.99th=[94720]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    2, max=17424, per=13.84%, avg=8669.37, stdev=3103.57
    lat (usec) : 100=0.18%, 250=17.35%, 500=70.81%, 750=9.09%, 1000=1.12%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.73%, 4=0.24%, 10=0.22%, 20=0.15%, 50=0.09%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%, >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.63%, sys=1.75%, ctx=954817, majf=0, minf=325
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=947695/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=3701.1MB, aggrb=62629KB/s, minb=62629KB/s, maxb=62629KB/s, mint=60527msec, maxt=60527msec

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.8
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=26770: Fri Aug 30 17:22:35 2019
  write: io=424852KB, bw=7080.2KB/s, iops=1770, runt= 60006msec
    clat (usec): min=228, max=2046.4K, avg=859.72, stdev=18891.70
     lat (usec): min=228, max=2046.5K, avg=859.99, stdev=18891.83
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[  278],  5.00th=[  294], 10.00th=[  310], 20.00th=[  326],
     | 30.00th=[  342], 40.00th=[  358], 50.00th=[  378], 60.00th=[  410],
     | 70.00th=[  446], 80.00th=[  482], 90.00th=[  532], 95.00th=[  604],
     | 99.00th=[ 1736], 99.50th=[ 5664], 99.90th=[37632], 99.95th=[114176],
     | 99.99th=[1056768]
    bw (KB  /s): min=    3, max= 5368, per=14.79%, avg=1047.15, stdev=707.25
    lat (usec) : 250=0.02%, 500=84.01%, 750=12.93%, 1000=0.95%
    lat (msec) : 2=1.23%, 4=0.26%, 10=0.26%, 20=0.16%, 50=0.09%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.02%, 250=0.02%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.01%, >=2000=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=0.08%, sys=0.43%, ctx=213556, majf=0, minf=308
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=106213/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=424852KB, aggrb=7080KB/s, minb=7080KB/s, maxb=7080KB/s, mint=60006msec, maxt=60006msec

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from OOO National Telecommunications (109.120.149.95)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Rostelecom (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 11.253 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 687.09 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 10.49 Mbit/s

Virtual server from IHOR:

Testing cheap virtual servers

  • equipment is located in Russia (Moscow, DC Marosnet);
  • Minimus (HDD) tariff (10 GB HDD / 1x 2.4 GHz CPU / 0.5 GB RAM / 100 Mbit/s for 100 rubles per month).

Tests:

Unixbench

   BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3)

   System: test: GNU/Linux
   OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.9.0-4-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.9.51-1 (2017-09-28)
   Machine: x86_64 (unknown)
   Language: en_US.utf8 (charmap="ANSI_X3.4-1968", collate="ANSI_X3.4-1968")
   CPU 0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz (4800.2 bogomips)
          x86-64, MMX, Physical Address Ext, SYSENTER/SYSEXIT, SYSCALL/SYSRET
   16:23:39 up 390 days, 18:17,  1 user,  load average: 1.28, 1.21, 0.67; runlevel 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark Run: Пн июл 15 2019 16:23:39 - 16:52:26
1 CPU in system; running 1 parallel copy of tests

Dhrystone 2 using register variables       22433265.9 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Double-Precision Whetstone                     2999.0 MWIPS (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Execl Throughput                               3246.7 lps   (29.3 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks        681169.7 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks          201657.4 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks       1275322.6 KBps  (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Pipe Throughput                             1639916.4 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Pipe-based Context Switching                 210397.4 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)
Process Creation                               7607.2 lps   (30.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                   6396.9 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                    810.7 lpm   (60.0 s, 2 samples)
System Call Overhead                        2527110.6 lps   (10.0 s, 7 samples)

System Benchmarks Index Values               BASELINE       RESULT    INDEX
Dhrystone 2 using register variables         116700.0   22433265.9   1922.3
Double-Precision Whetstone                       55.0       2999.0    545.3
Execl Throughput                                 43.0       3246.7    755.0
File Copy 1024 bufsize 2000 maxblocks          3960.0     681169.7   1720.1
File Copy 256 bufsize 500 maxblocks            1655.0     201657.4   1218.5
File Copy 4096 bufsize 8000 maxblocks          5800.0    1275322.6   2198.8
Pipe Throughput                               12440.0    1639916.4   1318.3
Pipe-based Context Switching                   4000.0     210397.4    526.0
Process Creation                                126.0       7607.2    603.7
Shell Scripts (1 concurrent)                     42.4       6396.9   1508.7
Shell Scripts (8 concurrent)                      6.0        810.7   1351.1
System Call Overhead                          15000.0    2527110.6   1684.7
                                                                   ========
System Benchmarks Index Score                                        1148.1

ddBlocks of 1M

2048+0 записСй ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ
2048+0 записСй ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ
2147483648 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ (2,1 GB, 2,0 GiB) скопирован, 33,811 s, 63,5 MB/s

Blocks of 64K

32768+0 записСй ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ
32768+0 записСй ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ
2147483648 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ (2,1 GB, 2,0 GiB) скопирован, 37,3774 s, 57,5 MB/s

threadRead

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=32063: Mon Jul 15 16:55:28 2019
  read : io=108176KB, bw=1802.6KB/s, iops=450, runt= 60013msec
    clat (usec): min=82, max=28243, avg=17743.49, stdev=966.00
     lat (usec): min=83, max=28244, avg=17744.08, stdev=965.98
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[16512],  5.00th=[17280], 10.00th=[17280], 20.00th=[17536],
     | 30.00th=[17536], 40.00th=[17536], 50.00th=[17536], 60.00th=[17792],
     | 70.00th=[17792], 80.00th=[18304], 90.00th=[18560], 95.00th=[18560],
     | 99.00th=[18816], 99.50th=[20096], 99.90th=[23168], 99.95th=[24192],
     | 99.99th=[26752]
    lat (usec) : 100=0.01%, 250=0.10%, 500=0.05%, 750=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 4=0.01%, 10=0.03%, 20=99.26%, 50=0.53%
  cpu          : usr=0.07%, sys=0.29%, ctx=27079, majf=0, minf=73
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=27044/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=108176KB, aggrb=1802KB/s, minb=1802KB/s, maxb=1802KB/s, mint=60013msec, maxt=60013msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=26973/11, merge=0/13, ticks=477280/52, in_queue=477412, util=99.99%

Write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes
benchmark: Laying out IO file(s) (1 file(s) / 256MB)

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=32085: Mon Jul 15 16:57:39 2019
  write: io=143120KB, bw=2380.6KB/s, iops=595, runt= 60121msec
    clat (usec): min=2, max=6778.8K, avg=11090.86, stdev=180942.60
     lat (usec): min=2, max=6778.8K, avg=11091.21, stdev=180943.13
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    5], 10.00th=[    8], 20.00th=[    8],
     | 30.00th=[    9], 40.00th=[   10], 50.00th=[   11], 60.00th=[   12],
     | 70.00th=[   14], 80.00th=[   18], 90.00th=[   25], 95.00th=[   44],
     | 99.00th=[115200], 99.50th=[183296], 99.90th=[3489792], 99.95th=[4620288],
     | 99.99th=[6062080]
    lat (usec) : 4=2.42%, 10=37.29%, 20=44.42%, 50=11.45%, 100=0.93%
    lat (usec) : 250=0.08%, 500=0.02%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.03%, 4=0.03%, 10=0.15%, 20=0.44%, 50=1.22%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.33%, 250=0.80%, 500=0.02%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.04%
    lat (msec) : 2000=0.15%, >=2000=0.18%
  cpu          : usr=0.02%, sys=0.27%, ctx=22948, majf=0, minf=56
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=35780/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=143120KB, aggrb=2380KB/s, minb=2380KB/s, maxb=2380KB/s, mint=60121msec, maxt=60121msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=0/18270, merge=0/9732, ticks=0/124272, in_queue=124652, util=98.72%

direct read

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=32074: Mon Jul 15 16:56:29 2019
  read : io=108200KB, bw=1803.2KB/s, iops=450, runt= 60011msec
    clat (usec): min=55, max=27740, avg=17737.39, stdev=906.38
     lat (usec): min=56, max=27741, avg=17738.01, stdev=906.37
    clat percentiles (usec):
     |  1.00th=[16768],  5.00th=[17280], 10.00th=[17280], 20.00th=[17536],
     | 30.00th=[17536], 40.00th=[17536], 50.00th=[17536], 60.00th=[17792],
     | 70.00th=[17792], 80.00th=[18304], 90.00th=[18560], 95.00th=[18560],
     | 99.00th=[18816], 99.50th=[19072], 99.90th=[21120], 99.95th=[22912],
     | 99.99th=[25728]
    lat (usec) : 100=0.06%, 250=0.06%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.02%, 1000=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.03%, 10=0.03%, 20=99.59%, 50=0.20%
  cpu          : usr=0.08%, sys=0.21%, ctx=27079, majf=0, minf=65
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=27050/w=0/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=108200KB, aggrb=1803KB/s, minb=1803KB/s, maxb=1803KB/s, mint=60011msec, maxt=60011msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=27003/11, merge=0/11, ticks=477000/360, in_queue=477400, util=99.97%

direct write

benchmark: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=4K-4K/4K-4K/4K-4K, ioengine=psync, iodepth=32
...
fio-2.16
Starting 8 processes

benchmark: (groupid=0, jobs=8): err= 0: pid=32097: Mon Jul 15 16:58:40 2019
  write: io=49228KB, bw=839821B/s, iops=205, runt= 60024msec
    clat (usec): min=104, max=543532, avg=26720.27, stdev=101994.62
     lat (usec): min=105, max=543533, avg=26721.00, stdev=101994.62
    clat percentiles (msec):
     |  1.00th=[    3],  5.00th=[    3], 10.00th=[    4], 20.00th=[    4],
     | 30.00th=[    4], 40.00th=[    4], 50.00th=[    4], 60.00th=[    4],
     | 70.00th=[    4], 80.00th=[    5], 90.00th=[    5], 95.00th=[  235],
     | 99.00th=[  498], 99.50th=[  515], 99.90th=[  529], 99.95th=[  537],
     | 99.99th=[  545]
    lat (usec) : 250=0.17%, 500=0.02%, 1000=0.03%
    lat (msec) : 2=0.20%, 4=72.51%, 10=21.99%, 20=0.02%, 50=0.01%
    lat (msec) : 100=0.02%, 250=0.04%, 500=4.04%, 750=0.96%
  cpu          : usr=0.03%, sys=0.17%, ctx=29841, majf=0, minf=75
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=0/w=12307/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0, drop=r=0/w=0/d=0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
  WRITE: io=49228KB, aggrb=820KB/s, minb=820KB/s, maxb=820KB/s, mint=60024msec, maxt=60024msec

Disk stats (read/write):
  vda: ios=0/18000, merge=0/180, ticks=0/204144, in_queue=203652, util=99.65%

Speedtest

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Testing from NTX Technologies s.r.o. (194.67.207.200)...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by Megafon (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 9.079 ms
Testing download speed................................................................................
Download: 102.30 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed................................................................................................
Upload: 113.43 Mbit/s

What happened in the end (pictures are clickable):

Parrots Unixbench

Testing cheap virtual servers

dd read/write speed (MB/s)

1M

Testing cheap virtual servers

64K

Testing cheap virtual servers

Number of IOPS in different operating modes fio

Random read

Testing cheap virtual servers

random write

Testing cheap virtual servers

Random direct read

Testing cheap virtual servers

random direct write

Testing cheap virtual servers

Network speed from speedtest (Mbit/s)

Testing cheap virtual servers
Blue - upload, red - download. The low upload speeds of the last three hosters are explained by channel limitations.

I won’t draw any conclusions, I’ll just say that a cheap and productive server is better than an expensive and slow one.

Thanks to Evgeniy (yo) from Lite.Host for help preparing the script for testing.

Only registered users can participate in the survey. Sign in, you are welcome.

Recently, many hosters have begun to create very cheap tariffs with the same type of limitation - one server per account. Will you be interested in a VPS/VDS with such a limitation?

  • 59,3%Yes, you don't need more than one159

  • 21,6%Yes, I will create several accounts58

  • 19,0%No, I won’t buy with such a restriction51

268 users voted. 62 users abstained.

Source: habr.com

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