🥇Ubuntu 19.10 Eoan Ermine

On October 18, 2019, the next iteration of the popular GNU/Linux distribution was released – Ubuntu 19.10, codenamed Eoan Ermine.

Key innovations:

Support for ZFS in the installer. The ZFS On Linux version 0.8.1 driver is used.

ISO images include proprietary NVIDIA drivers: in addition to the open-source drivers, proprietary options are now also available.
Faster system boot due to a new compression algorithm.

Changes in support for 32-bit (x86_32) packages: it was initially planned to completely abandon them. However, this proposal sparked outrage among users and a statement from Valve to cease support for Ubuntu (in that case). Ultimately, the decision was softened to just a reduction in support for 32-bit packages. Ubuntu developers promised that they would continue supporting the 32-bit user space for legacy applications as well as for Steam and WINE. In response, Valve was announced continued support for Ubuntu.

Kubernetes improvements: strict confinement for MicroK8s provides excellent isolation and enhanced security with very little additional overhead. Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is now officially supported by Ubuntu.

Gnome 3.34

The ability to create application groups (folders) simply by dragging one icon over another in the application menu. Groups can also be given names. If multiple applications in a group fall under the same category (e.g., 'Multimedia'), GNOME will suggest a default name for that group.
Updates in settings menu:
- an updated page for selecting the desktop wallpaper
- a dedicated Night Light (blue light reduction) settings page
- a more informative Wi-Fi connection status
- the ability to rearrange the order of search sources (Settings > Search)
Performance improvements:
- Increased frame refresh rate
- Reduced latency, increased throughput in Xorg graphic drivers and input drivers
- Reduced CPU consumption
Corresponding icons appear in the dock for connected external devices: phone, external storage, etc.
The user interface has become slightly brighter. Widgets have transitioned from light text on a dark background to dark text on a light background.
New desktop images

Linux Kernel 5.3.0

Initial support for AMDGPU Navi (including Radeon RX 5700)
16 million new IPv4 addresses
Support for Intel HDR display for Icelake, Geminilake
Shader computation in Broadcom V3D driver
Improvements in support NVIDIA Jetson Nano
Support for Macbook and Macbook Pro keyboards
Support for Zhaoxin processors (x86)
Native swap for F2FS
Acceleration of case-insensitive searches in EXT4

Developer tools:

glibc 2.30
OpenJDK 11
GCC 9.2
Python 3.7.5 (+ Python 3.8.0 interpreter)
Ruby 2.5.5
PHP 7.3.8
Perl 5.28.1
golang 1.12.10

Application updates:

LibreOffice 6.3
Firefox 69
Thunderbird 68
GNOME Terminal 3.34
Transmission 2.9.4
GNOME Calendar 3.34
Remmina 1.3.4
Gedit 3.34

Ubuntu Mate

MATE Desktop 1.22.2
Thunderbird email client replaced with Evolution
VLC media player replaced with GNOME MPV
Updates in Brisk menu

A "Notification Center" applet has also been added with a "Do Not Disturb" mode.

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Xubuntu

Xfce 4.14
Improvements in Xfcewm, including Vsync and HiDPI support
Light Locker replaced with Xfce Screensaver
New global keyboard shortcuts:
- ctrl + d – show/hide desktop
- ctrl + l – lock desktop
New desktop wallpaper

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Ubuntu Budgie

Budgie Desktop 10.5
Nemo file manager v4
New settings in Budgie Desktop Settings
New options for people with visual impairments (accessibility)
Improvements in window switching menu (alt+tab)
New wallpapers

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Kubuntu

Plasma desktop 5.17 was not included in the original OS image, as it was released after the final freeze. However, it is already available in Kubuntu Backports PPA

Ubuntu 19.10 Eoan Ermine