The release of the Deno 2.0 platform has been announced, designed for the isolated execution of server applications in JavaScript and TypeScript using the V8 engine, which is utilized in Chromium-based browsers. The Deno project is developed by Ryan Dahl, the creator of Node.js, with the goal of providing a more secure environment and eliminating conceptual mistakes made in Node.js architecture. To enhance security, the binding around the V8 engine is written in Rust, and the Tokio platform is used for handling requests in a non-blocking manner. The project code is distributed under the MIT license. Builds are prepared for Linux, Windows, and macOS. <\/p>\n
In preparing the new branch, the main focus was on compatibility with the old JavaScript infrastructure and expanding the spectrum of supported JavaScript projects without compromising security. Among the changes: <\/p>\n
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Backward compatibility with Node.js and npm has been implemented, allowing the execution of unmodified applications created for Node.js. The support for Node.js also enables a gradual transition of existing projects from Node.js to Deno or connecting dependencies from NPM to Deno projects by specifying the «npm:» specifier when importing packages in deno.json.\n
Built-in support for the package.json file and the node_modules directory used in Node.js has been added.\n
Support for private NPM repositories defined through «.npmrc» files has been ensured.\n
Support for popular JavaScript frameworks such as Next.js, Astro, Remix, Angular, SvelteKit, and QwikCity has been added.\n
Support for npm workspaces and monorepositories with separate dependency management has been added.\n
New package management commands have been added: «deno install» for installing dependencies, «deno add» for adding packages in package.json or deno.json, and «deno remove» for removing packages. It is noted that «deno install» works about 15 times faster than npm when packages are not in the cache and 90% faster when the package is in the cache (supporting both node_modules and its own global cache).\n
The standard library has been stabilized.\n
A long-term support (LTS) cycle has been ensured.\n
JSR has been introduced \u2014 a repository of JavaScript and TypeScript libraries that can be used in various JavaScript runtimes.\n
The «deno fmt» command now supports formatting content in HTML, CSS, and YAML formats.\n
The «deno lint» command has added support for Node.js specific rules and fixes.\n
The «deno test» command now allows running tests created with node:test.\n
The «deno task» command has implemented support for running scripts via package.json.\n
The «deno compile» command now allows code to be signed digitally.\n
The «deno serve» command has implemented parallelization of HTTP server operations using multiple CPU cores.\n
The «deno coverage» command now supports saving reports in HTML format.\n
Performance optimization has been conducted.
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Key features of Deno: <\/p>\n
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Security orientation in the default configuration. File access, network capabilities, and access to environment variables are blocked by default and require explicit enabling. Default applications run in isolated sandbox environments and cannot access system capabilities without explicit permissions. <\/li>\n
Built-in support for TypeScript alongside JavaScript. The standard TypeScript compiler is used for type checking and generating JavaScript, which results in a drop in performance compared to parsing JavaScript in V8. <\/li>\n
The runtime is delivered as a single self-contained executable file («deno»). To run applications using Deno, it is sufficient to download a single executable file for your platform, around 40 MB in size, with no external dependencies and no special installation requirements. Additionally, Deno is not a monolithic application, but a collection of Rust crate packages (deno_core, rusty_v8) that can be used separately. <\/li>\n
When launching the program and loading modules, you can use URL addressing. For example, to run the program welcome.js, you can use the command \"deno https:\/\/deno.land\/std\/examples\/welcome.js\". Code from external resources is downloaded and cached on the local system, but is never automatically updated (to refresh, the application must be explicitly started with the flag \"--reload\"); <\/li>\n
Efficient handling of HTTP network requests in applications; the platform is designed for creating high-performance network applications. <\/li>\n
The ability to create universal web applications that can run both in Deno and in a regular web browser. <\/li>\n
A standard set of modules is available, which does not require binding to external dependencies. Modules from the standard collection have undergone additional auditing and compatibility checks. <\/li>\n
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