{"id":120574,"date":"2024-11-15T01:09:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T23:09:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/katalog-pypi-vnedril-novuyu-sistemu-proverki-podlinnosti-paketov"},"modified":"2024-11-15T01:09:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T23:09:08","slug":"katalog-pypi-vnedril-novuyu-sistemu-proverki-podlinnosti-paketov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/katalog-pypi-vnedril-novuyu-sistemu-proverki-podlinnosti-paketov","title":{"rendered":"The PyPI catalog has implemented a new package authenticity verification system.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

The developers of the Python Package Index (PyPI) repository have announced the implementation of a digital attestation mechanism for verifying the authenticity of published packages, replacing the previous verification using PGP signatures. A key distinction of attestation is that the publication of a package is certified not by the developer, but by a third party (the package catalog) after confirming the validity of the publication through an external OpenID Connect provider (for example, after verifying that the package being published corresponds to its associated repository on GitHub or GitLab). <\/p>\n

The certification system addresses the drawbacks of the PGP signature verification mechanism, which was previously declared outdated in PyPI. This solution was adopted due to issues with verifying the affiliation of open PGP keys used to validate digital signatures \u2014 out of 1,069 PGP keys utilized since 2020 for creating signatures in PyPI, 29% of the public keys were unavailable on major public repositories. servers<\/a> Meanwhile, the confirmed 36% of PGP keys covered only 0.3% of all signed files. <\/p>\n

In the new system, the signatures used to certify packages are generated using short-lived ephemeral keys, which are created based on credentials verified by OpenID Connect providers. At the time of generating the keys needed to create a digital signature, the developer identifies themselves through an OpenID provider that confirms their connection to the main project. The infrastructure for digital attestation is built using the Sigstore system and the in-toto Attestation Framework toolkit. <\/p>\n

One of the advantages of certification is the lack of dependence on permanent PGP keys \u2014 the loss or compromise of a private key undermines trust in signatures created on its basis, whereas with certification, the signature is generated in association with a token that confirms the authority at the time of package submission, linking the package to the main repository with the code. For instance, when publishing a package prepared through GitHub Action, certification establishes a verifiable and confirmed link between the file hosted on PyPI, the repository, the workflow process, and the commit hash from which the package was generated.

\"The<\/center> <\/p>\n

To track the authenticity of keys and detect potential compromises, a public centralized log is used for the project package creators and PyPI itself. This log ensures data integrity and protection against retroactive tampering, employing a 'Merkle Tree' structure (each branch verifies all underlying branches and nodes through tree hashing). <\/p>\n

Additionally, it is worth noting the identification in the PyPI catalog of the malicious package 'fabrice', which disguised itself as the popular library 'fabric' through typesquatting (assigning similar names that differ by individual characters, for instance, exampl instead of example, djangoo instead of django, pyhton instead of python, etc.), which boasts 201 million downloads (7 million downloads in the past month). The malicious package went unnoticed since 2021 and has since been downloaded over 37,000 times. <\/p>\n

The «fabrice» package replicated the basic functionality of the original library and additionally included code to identify and send AWS (Amazon Web Services) access keys to external hosts, establish a backdoor, and execute specific scripts. Activation of malicious components occurred in both Linux and Windows. In Linux, files associated with the malicious activity were uploaded to the directory ~\/ .local\/ bin\/ vscode.
\n
Source: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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