{"id":172755,"date":"2026-05-19T18:24:53","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T16:24:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ad-nihilum-0-4-3"},"modified":"2026-05-19T18:24:53","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T16:24:53","slug":"ad-nihilum-0-4-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/ad-nihilum-0-4-3","title":{"rendered":"Ad Nihilum 0.4.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The release of Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 has taken place \u2014 a minimalist service for exchanging encrypted messages based on the principle of 'read and burn', primarily aimed at self-hosting.<\/p>\n<p>The server acts merely as a passive storage. Encryption and decryption occur exclusively on the client side, in the browser (via AES-GCM).<\/p>\n<h3>Features<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>local encryption and decryption, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/server\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">server<\/a> never sees the key;<\/li>\n<li>support for an additional layer of encryption with a password, which (1) the server cannot know, (2) cannot be inferred from the transmitted link;<\/li>\n<li>the project contains about 2200 lines of server code in C and 600 lines of client code in JS, simplifying audit;<\/li>\n<li>Ad Nihilum depends only on libmicrohttpd. A modified version of QRCode.js is included for generating QR codes;<\/li>\n<li>a guide is included for quickly setting up a local service without an external IP;<\/li>\n<li>Ad Nihilum works on Android, and a corresponding script for building in Termux is included;<\/li>\n<li>single-threaded and synchronous server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Changes<\/h3>\n<h4>Major redesign<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The message sending and receiving pages have been separated, along with the corresponding client code.<\/li>\n<li>Overall, the design has been significantly changed and adjusted based on the suggestions from the community.<\/li>\n<li>'Simple' and local clients:\n<ul> <noindex><\/p>\n<li>a client with a simplified design has been added <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/adnihilum.net\/simple\">https:\/\/adnihilum.net\/simple<\/a>;<\/li>\n<p><\/noindex> <\/p>\n<li>client pages can be saved locally and accessed from file:\/\/.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Browser policies<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>CSP has been implemented to combat XSS;<\/li>\n<li>the server sends HSTS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Other changes<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>the project has been renamed from Epha-ots;<\/li>\n<li>the domain adnihilum.net has been purchased;<\/li>\n<li>TLS is provided by Let's Encrypt, this is something to keep in mind (no money).<\/li>\n<li>work with files has been simplified;<\/li>\n<li>transition to fat pointers;<\/li>\n<li>minor bugs have been fixed;<\/li>\n<li>auto-jsminify and client files assembly is done during the build via CMake.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Protocol Overview<\/h3>\n<p>Generate three random values: key <strong>K<\/strong>, initialization vector <strong>N<\/strong> and salt <strong>S<\/strong>. <strong>K<\/strong> \u2014 256 bits, <strong>N<\/strong> \u2014 96 bits, <strong>S<\/strong> \u2014 128 bits.<\/p>\n<p>Output <strong>ID<\/strong> from <strong>K<\/strong> and <strong>S<\/strong> using HKDF based on SHA-256.<\/p>\n<p>Form a string of additional authenticated data <strong>aad<\/strong> \u2014 this is just a string of the form: id=ID<\/p>\n<p>If the user has set a password:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>output <strong>Pk<\/strong> from the password and <strong>S<\/strong> using PBKDF2, SHA-256, 800000 iterations;<\/li>\n<li>the same salt is used for everything;<\/li>\n<li>encrypt the data using AES-GCM, using the key <strong>Pk<\/strong>, IV\/nonce <strong>N<\/strong> and pass <strong>aad<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Add a two-byte tag to the already encrypted data if there was a password, or to the original data if there was no password.<\/p>\n<p>The first byte matters: it indicates whether the data was encrypted with a password.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>0x73 \u2014 data is encrypted with a password;<\/li>\n<li>0x13 \u2014 data is not encrypted with a password.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The second byte is a constant value of 0x37.<\/p>\n<p>Re-encrypt the result using AES-GCM, with the same iv = N and the same <strong>aad<\/strong>. This gives the final ciphertext <strong>ct<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Concatenate the bytes into a string: blob = N .. S .. ct<\/p>\n<p>Send <strong>blob<\/strong> to the server along with <strong>ID<\/strong>. The server returns <strong>blob<\/strong> through this <strong>ID<\/strong> and cannot replace it: the client will first check <strong>ID<\/strong> using <strong>N<\/strong> and <strong>K<\/strong> before decryption, and then through <strong>aad<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The client stores <strong>K<\/strong>. <strong>K<\/strong> never sent to the server. <strong>Pk<\/strong> is also not sent; everything related to the password is cleared from memory.<\/p>\n<p>The client forms a link: origin\/#ID\/K<\/p>\n<p>Here <strong>ID<\/strong> and <strong>K<\/strong> \u2014 strings in base64url format.<\/p>\n<p>When the recipient opens the link:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the browser discards everything that starts with #; this is called location.hash;<\/li>\n<li>the client application loads from the server;<\/li>\n<li>in my opinion, this is the main hole: we actually run into the fact that 'TLS is leaky';<\/li>\n<li>however, nothing prevents keeping the client offline;<\/li>\n<li>ideally, there should be a separate standalone client.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The client-side JavaScript checks location.hash, and if there is <strong>ID<\/strong> and <strong>K<\/strong>, it loads the data from the server.<\/p>\n<p>Then it verifies them, decrypts, and if necessary, requests a password and decrypts again.<\/p>\n<h3>License<\/h3>\n<p>The project is distributed under GPLv3.<\/p>\n<p>Source: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linux.org.ru\/news\/opensource\/18293734\">linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 &laquo;\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u2014 \u0441\u0436\u0435\u0433&raquo;, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 self-hosting. C\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430. \u0428\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 (\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 AES-GCM). \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430; \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u2014 \u0441\u0436\u0435\u0433\u00bb, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 self-hosting. 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The server merely acts as a facilitator.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/ad-nihilum-0-4-3","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"en_US","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u2014 \u0441\u0436\u0435\u0433\u00bb, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 self-hosting. 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