{"id":31394,"date":"2019-10-31T21:41:01","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-takoe-metodologiya-devops-i-komu-ona-nuzhna\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:41:01","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:41:01","slug":"chto-takoe-metodologiya-devops-i-komu-ona-nuzhna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-takoe-metodologiya-devops-i-komu-ona-nuzhna","title":{"rendered":"What is the DevOps methodology and who needs it?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Let's explore the essence of the methodology and who can benefit from it.<\/p>\n<p>We will also discuss DevOps specialists: their tasks, salaries, and skills.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/itglobalcom\/blog\/447742\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"What is the DevOps methodology and who needs it?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/d87aaf15b8afff65a8a70d238f50a096.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>Photo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/cnorAf\">Matt Moor<\/a><\/noindex> \/ Flickr \/ CC BY-SA<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>What is DevOps<\/h2>\n<p>\nDevOps is a software development methodology aimed at facilitating collaboration between programmers and system administrators within a company. If IT specialists from different departments misunderstand each other's tasks, the release of new applications and updates can be delayed.<\/p>\n<p>DevOps creates a seamless development cycle, thereby helping to accelerate the product release. This acceleration is achieved by implementing automation systems. Additionally, programmers start to get involved in server configuration and bug fixing; for example, they may write automated tests.<\/p>\n<p>This fosters interaction among departments. Employees begin to better understand the stages the software product goes through before reaching the user.<\/p>\n<p>When a developer understands what challenges the administrator faces during server configuration, they will try to smooth out any potential 'sharp edges' in the code. This reduces the number of bugs during application deployment\u2014statistically, it <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hackernoon.com\/the-devops-adoption-a-clear-view-on-the-state-of-affairs-262289476abd\">decreases<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0by about five times.<\/p>\n<h2>Who Needs and Doesn't Need the Methodology<\/h2>\n<p>\nMany\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/soorajshah\/2017\/02\/20\/do-all-businesses-need-devops\/\">IT experts believe<\/a><\/noindex>, that DevOps will benefit any organization involved in software development. This is true even if the company is merely a consumer of IT services and does not develop its own applications. In this case, adopting a DevOps culture will help focus on innovations.<\/p>\n<p>An exception\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/djangostars.com\/blog\/what-is-devops\/\">includes<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0startups, but even here it depends on the project's scale. If your goal is to launch a minimum viable product (MVP) to test a new idea, then you can manage without DevOps. For instance, the founder of Groupon manually <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hatchery.io\/blog\/how-to-do-mvps-right\">posted<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0all the offers on the site and collected orders without using any automation tools.<\/p>\n<p>Implementing methodology and automation tools makes sense only when the application begins to gain popularity. This will help streamline business processes and speed up the release of updates.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Implement DevOps<\/h2>\n<p>\nNext are some recommendations for transitioning to the new methodology.<\/p>\n<p><b>Identify problems in business processes.<\/b> Before implementing the methodology, outline the goals and challenges of the organization. These will determine the transition strategy to DevOps. To do this, compile a list of questions, for example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What takes the most time during software updates?<\/li>\n<li>Can this process be automated?<\/li>\n<li>Does the organizational structure influence this?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMore details on identifying problems in the organization\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-are-the-best-books-on-devops\">can be found in books<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ab<noindex>Project \"Phoenix\"<\/noindex>\" and \"<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mann-ivanov-ferber.ru\/books\/rukovodstvo-po-devops\/\">DevOps Guide<\/a><\/noindex>\" by the authors of the methodology.<\/p>\n<p><b>Change the culture in the company.<\/b> It is important to convince all employees to change their habitual ways of working and expand their skill set. For example, at Facebook, all programmers\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dzone.com\/articles\/how-facebook-develops-and\">are responsible<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0for the entire application lifecycle: from coding to deployment. Also, at Facebook, there is no separate testing department \u2014 the tests are written by the developers themselves.<\/p>\n<p><b>Start small.<\/b>\u00a0Choose the process that takes the most time and effort during releases, and automate it. This\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.microfocus.com\/5-longest-lead-times-in-software-delivery\/\">can be<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0testing or the application deployment process. Experts\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/how-to-implement-devops-5-tips-for-doing-it-right\/\">recommend<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0first implementing distributed version control tools. They make it easier to manage source code. Among such solutions, the most well-known are Git, Mercurial, Subversion (SVN), and CVS.<\/p>\n<p>You should also pay attention to continuous integration systems responsible for building and testing the final product. Examples of such tools include Jenkins, TeamCity, and Bamboo.<\/p>\n<p><b>Evaluate improvements.<\/b> Develop performance metrics for implemented solutions and create a checklist. Metrics can include release frequency, working time on software features, and the number of bugs in the code. Discuss results not only with managers but also with the rest of the team involved in the project. Ask what tools are lacking. Take these requests into account for further process optimization.<\/p>\n<h2>Criticism of DevOps<\/h2>\n<p>\nAlthough the methodology\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/devops.com\/ten-ways-devops-will-benefit-department\/\">helps<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0organizations make faster decisions regarding application development,\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.computerweekly.com\/feature\/DevOps-spreads-into-mainstream-corporate-IT\">reduces<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0the number of errors in software and encourages employees to learn new things, it also has its critics.<\/p>\n<p>There is\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.informationweek.com\/devops\/9-reasons-devops-is-a-dirty-word\/d\/d-id\/1327216\">an opinion<\/a><\/noindex>, that programmers shouldn't need to delve into the details of system administrators' work. Allegedly, DevOps leads to the emergence of individuals in the company who superficially understand everything, rather than specialists in development or administration.<\/p>\n<p>It is also believed that DevOps\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/widgetsandshit.com\/teddziuba\/2011\/03\/devops-scam.html\">doesn't work<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0with poor management. If developer and administrator teams lack common goals, it is the managers' fault for not facilitating interaction between the teams. To resolve this issue, a new methodology is not needed, but a system for evaluating managers based on feedback from subordinates should be implemented. Here you can read about\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.predictiveindex.com\/blog\/8-questions-that-need-to-be-on-every-manager-evaluation-form\/\">which questions should be included in employee survey forms.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"What is the DevOps methodology and who needs it?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/16a052c7ba7dc0181c4ea95c27d00b8e.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Photo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/9mCfhK\">Ed Ivanushkin<\/a><\/noindex> \/ Flickr \/ CC BY-SA<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Who is a DevOps engineer<\/h2>\n<p>\nA DevOps engineer is responsible for implementing the DevOps methodology. They synchronize all stages of software product creation: from coding to testing and application release. This specialist oversees the development and administration departments and automates task execution by implementing various software tools.<\/p>\n<p>The key to a DevOps engineer's role is that they combine multiple professions: admin, developer, tester, and manager.<\/p>\n<p>Joe Sanchez, a DevOps evangelist from VMware, the virtualization software company,\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vminstall.com\/devops-skills\/\">highlighted<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0a series of skills that a DevOps engineer must possess. In addition to the obvious knowledge of the DevOps methodology, this person should have experience in administering Windows and Linux operating systems and experience with automation tools such as\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chef.io\/chef\/\">Chef<\/a><\/noindex>,\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/puppet.com\/\">Puppet<\/a><\/noindex>,\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ansible.com\/\">Ansible<\/a><\/noindex>. They should also be able to write scripts and code in a couple of languages and understand networking technologies.<\/p>\n<p>A DevOps engineer is responsible for automating tasks related to application configuration and deployment. They also monitor software performance. To accomplish these tasks, they apply various configuration management systems, virtualization solutions, and cloud tools for resource balancing.<\/p>\n<h2>Who hires<\/h2>\n<p>\nDevOps engineers can benefit any organization involved in application development or managing a large number of servers. DevOps engineers\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/techbeacon.com\/10-companies-killing-it-devops\">are hired by<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0IT giants like Amazon, Adobe, and Facebook. They also work for Netflix, Walmart, and Etsy.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/djangostars.com\/blog\/what-is-devops\/\">Do not hire<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0Only startups employ DevOps engineers. Their task is to release a minimum viable product to test a new idea. In most cases, startups can manage without DevOps.<\/p>\n<h2>How much do they earn<\/h2>\n<p>\nDevOps engineers\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/puppet.com\/resources\/whitepaper\/2017-devops-salary-report\/\">earn<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0the highest in the industry. The average salary for these specialists worldwide ranges from $100,000 to $125,000 per year.<\/p>\n<p>In the USA, they\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.payscale.com\/research\/US\/Job=Development_Operations_(DevOps)_Engineer\/Salary\">receive<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0$90,000 per year (500,000 rubles per month). In Canada, they\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/neuvoo.ca\/salary\/devops-engineer\/\">are paid<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0$122,000 per year (670,000 rubles per month), while in the UK, they earn \u00a367,500 per year (490,000 rubles per month).<\/p>\n<p>As for Russia, companies in Moscow\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hh.ru\/search\/vacancy?clusters=true&amp;enable_snippets=true&amp;text=Devops&amp;area=1&amp;from=cluster_area\">are willing to<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0pay DevOps specialists between 100,000 and 200,000 rubles per month. In Saint Petersburg, employers are slightly more generous, offering 160,000 to 360,000 rubles per month. In regional areas, salaries range from 100,000 to 120,000 rubles per month.<\/p>\n<h2>How to become a DevOps specialist<\/h2>\n<p>\nDevOps is a relatively new field in IT, so there is no established list of requirements for DevOps engineers. Job postings may list a variety of skills for this position, from administration of Debian and CentOS to working with disk\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RAID\">RAID arrays<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>From this, we can conclude that above all, a DevOps engineer should possess a broad technical knowledge base. It is important for such a person to continuously learn new tools and technologies.<\/p>\n<p>A systems administrator or developer will find it easiest to become a DevOps engineer. They already have a number of skills that simply need to be developed. The main task is to hone a minimal set of knowledge in DevOps, understand how to work with automation tools, and fill gaps in administration, programming, and virtualization skills.<\/p>\n<p>To understand where knowledge may be lacking, one can use\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Leo-G\/DevopsWiki\">a mini-wikipedia on GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0or\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/learn-anything.xyz\/programming\/software-development\/devops\">a mind map<\/a><\/noindex>. Residents of Hacker News can also\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/news.ycombinator.com\/item?id=14652993\">recommend<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0read the books \u201c<noindex>Project \"Phoenix\"<\/noindex>\" and \"<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mann-ivanov-ferber.ru\/books\/rukovodstvo-po-devops\/\">DevOps Guide<\/a><\/noindex>\u201d (which we mentioned earlier) and \u201c<noindex>The DevOps Philosophy: The Art of IT Management<\/noindex>\u00bb under the O'Reilly Media brand.<\/p>\n<p>You can also subscribe to\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.devopsweekly.com\/\">the Devops Weekly newsletter<\/a><\/noindex>, read articles on the thematic\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dzone.com\/devops-tutorials-tools-news\">portal DZone<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0, and start interacting with DevOps engineers in\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/devopschat.slack.com\/\">a Slack chat<\/a><\/noindex>. It\u2019s also worth studying free courses on\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.udacity.com\/course\/intro-to-devops--ud611\">Udacity<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0or\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.edx.org\/course\/devops-for-developers-how-to-get-started-0\">edX<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><i>Posts from our blog:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.itglobal.com\/zhelezo\/fabrika-setevoj-bezopasnosti-ot-fortinet\/\">Fortinet's Network Security Factory: what it can do<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.itglobal.com\/zhelezo\/unboxing-all-flash-sxd-netapp-aff-a300-texnicheskie-xarakteristiki-i-vzglyad-iznutri\/\">An inside look: unboxing the all-flash NetApp AFF A300 storage system<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.itglobal.com\/zhelezo\/unboxing-blejd-servera-cisco-ucs-b480-m5\/\">Unboxing the Cisco UCS B480 M5 blade server<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.itglobal.com\/zhelezo\/servery-dlya-sap-osnovnye-platformy\/\">Servers for SAP: Main Platforms<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.itglobal.com\/zhelezo\/cisco-ucs-unboxing\/\">Unboxing: Cisco UCS<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/i><br \/>\n<br \/>Source: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/itglobalcom\/blog\/447742\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f, \u0432 \u0447\u0451\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e DevOps-\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445: \u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0445, \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e Matt Moor \/ Flickr \/ CC BY-SA \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 DevOps DevOps \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u041e, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0418\u0422-\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":23358,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - 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