{"id":34887,"date":"2019-10-31T22:01:05","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/voprosy-prioriteta-najkvist-shennon-ili-kotelnikov\/"},"modified":"2026-05-20T17:51:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T15:51:22","slug":"voprosy-prioriteta-najkvist-shennon-ili-kotelnikov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/voprosy-prioriteta-najkvist-shennon-ili-kotelnikov","title":{"rendered":"Questions of Priority: Nyquist, Shannon, or Kotelnikov?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

On the Priority of Work in the Field of Information Transmission.<\/p>\n

The pioneer in this contemporary issue is V.A. Kotelnikov. During his postgraduate studies at MEI, works were published in 1932, one of which was titled \"On the Throughput of the 'Ether' and Wires in Electroscommunications\" and was presented as a report at the First All-Union Congress on Technical Reconstruction of Communications and Development of Low-Power Industry. The congress did not take place. It was published in 1933 as material for the report (accepted for print in
\nNovember 1932). <\/a><\/noindex>What serves as the official confirmation of priority. Upon completing his postgraduate studies, Vladimir presented his work at the Academic Council. The report was approved, but the paper \"On Bandwidth...\" was misunderstood - \"...seems correct, but it's science fiction.\" <\/p>\n

Firstly, this work pointed out prospective directions for the development of communications and eliminated dead-end paths. Secondly, in the informational aspect of communication problems, it mathematically justified the digital transmission of information, the famous theorem
\nof Kotelnikov. In fact, this work contained 7 theorems.<\/p>\n

The very one that Shannon and his peers refer to as the \u201csampling theorem,\u201d which he published 15 years later in 1948. Later, in the 1970s, with the development of electronics, there was a natural surge of interest in digital transmission of information. In 1977, the issue of prioritization arose, and the name WKS theorem was proposed, Whittaker-Kotelnikov-Shannon.<\/p>\n

In 1999, the Eduard Rein Foundation, when summarizing outstanding scientific achievements of the 20th century, awarded the prize to the Soviet scientist Kotelnikov Vladimir Alexandrovich in the nomination \"for fundamental research\" for \"the first mathematically accurate formulation and publication of the sampling theorem.\"<\/p>\n

Another interesting point. <\/p>\n

The name G. Nyquist emerges, who likely was one of the first to understand and express the idea that signal samples should differ by time intervals equal to
\nApproximately the inverse strip of its spectral width. This often gives rise, especially among Western scholars, to the use of the term \"Nyquist sampling theorem.\" However, his reasoning concerned the problem of undistorted telegraph signal transmission, although it was close to the issue of undistorted analog signal transmission. Professor Luke D. points this out in an article on the origin of the sampling theorem: \"the first scholar to accurately articulate the sampling theorem and apply it to problems in communication theory and engineering is likely V.A. Kotelnikov.\"<\/p>\n

A brief digression, also about priorities.<\/p>\n

In 1939, Vladimir Alexandrovich created communication equipment on a single sideband and assembled it by himself, of course, not alone, since the industry refused: \"No one has ever done this.\" It was installed but not accepted on the Moscow-Khabarovsk line. Not accepted: \"It\u2019s easy to eavesdrop.\" After reading an article by H. Dudley, Kotelnikov created speech encryption equipment and
\npresented its concept in the report \"Fundamentals of Automatic Encryption\" on June 19, 1941. This document first articulated the requirements for mathematically undecipherable systems with proof of the impossibility of decryption. There was no open publication (or maybe there is now?).
\nK. Shannon outlined approaches to building resistant encryption systems on September 1, 1945; the public print saw this report in 1949.
\nA brief revision from \"Achievements in Physical Science\", conferences and symposiums, July 2006, Vol. 176, No. 7.<\/p>\n

Detailed material with mathematical calculations can be downloaded from the link.<\/p>\n

In conclusion, I can say that very often in scientific and practical literature, foreign authors downplay, attribute to themselves, or at least minimize Russian-Soviet-Russian achievements and priorities.<\/p>\n

The next publication will present materials on the question \"Who invented radio, Popov or Marconi?\" if I have another fire in the feed section like today.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

On the priority of works in the field of information transmission. The pioneer in this modern issue is V.A. Kotelnikov. During his graduate studies at MEI, they were published in 1932. <\/p>\n

\ud83e\udd47Priority Questions: Nyquist, Shannon, or Kotelnikov? | ProHoster
\n
Source: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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