{"id":39238,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:37","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/semanticheskij-brauzer-ili-zhizn-bez-sajtov\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:37","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:37","slug":"semanticheskij-brauzer-ili-zhizn-bez-sajtov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/semanticheskij-brauzer-ili-zhizn-bez-sajtov","title":{"rendered":"Semantic browser or life without websites","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Semantic
\n
\nI expressed the idea of the inevitability of the global network transitioning from a site-centric structure to a user-centric one back in 2012 (The Philosophy of Evolution and the Evolution of the Internet<\/a><\/noindex> or in short form WEB 3.0. From Site-Centrism to User-Centrism<\/a><\/noindex>). This year I attempted to further develop the theme of the new internet in the text WEB 3.0 \u2014 a second approach to the shell<\/a><\/noindex>. Now I am posting the second part of the article WEB 3.0 or Life Without Websites<\/a><\/noindex> (I recommend reviewing this before reading this page).<\/p>\n

So, what does it mean? Is there an internet in version web 3.0, but no websites? Then what is there?
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nThere is data organized into a global semantic graph: everything is connected to everything, everything follows from something, everything is noticed, changed, or created by someone specific. The latter two points about 'follows' and 'someone' remind us that the graph should be not object-based, but subject-event-based. But that's a separate story (preliminary look at Subject-Event Approach<\/a><\/noindex>). For now, it's enough to understand that the semantic graph of web 3.0 is not a static set of knowledge, but a temporal entity that records the relationships of objects and actors of any activity in their chronological sequence. <\/p>\n

Additionally, when discussing the data layer, it should be noted that the global graph is necessarily divided into two unequal parts: a tree of models that describes the connectivity of actions, concepts, and their properties (corresponding to the set of terminological axioms TBox in OWL), and the subject graph, which contains events recording specific values of properties of things and actions (a set of statements about individuals ABox in OWL). Furthermore, a clear connection is established between these two parts of the graph: data about individuals \u2014 that is, specific things, actions, and actors \u2014 can be formed and recorded in the graph only and exclusively according to the corresponding models. As previously mentioned, the global graph is primarily its model part and, accordingly, the subject part is naturally segmented by thematic areas.<\/p>\n

Now moving from semantics and data to discussing the second epithet of web 3.0 \u2014 'decentralized', we come to the description of the network. It is evident that the structure of the network and its protocols must be dictated by the same semantics. First and foremost, since the generator and consumer of content is the user, it follows that the user, or more precisely, their device, should serve as a network node. Therefore, web 3.0 is a peer-to-peer network, comprising user devices as its nodes. <\/p>\n

To store data in the data graph, for example, the description of an individual, the user must create a network transaction based on the existing concept model. This data is stored on the user's device and on the nodes of other users who subscribe to this model. Thus, by exchanging transactions based on a fixed set of models that shape their joint activities, the participants create a more or less autonomous cluster. As a result, the entire global semantic graph is stored distributedly across subject clusters and decentralized within them. Each node, when working with specific models, may belong to multiple clusters.<\/p>\n

When describing the network level, it is necessary to mention consensus, which involves the principles of validating and synchronizing data across different nodes, without which a decentralized network cannot function. It is clear that these principles should not be uniform for all clusters and all data since transactions in the network can be both legally significant and administrative or garbage data. Therefore, multiple levels of consensus algorithms are implemented in the network, with the selection of the appropriate one determined by the transaction model.<\/p>\n

A few words remain to be said about the user interface and the semantic browser. Its functions are straightforward: (1) navigation through the graph (by thematic clusters), (2) searching and displaying data according to domain models, (3) creating, editing data, and sending network transactions based on the relevant models, (4) writing and executing dynamic action models, and of course, (5) storing fragments of the graph. This brief description of the functions of the semantic browser answers the question: where are the websites? The only place a user \"visits\" in the web 3.0 network is their semantic browser, which serves as a tool for both displaying and creating any content or data, including models. The user defines the boundaries and form of their network world and the depth of immersion in the semantic graph.<\/p>\n

That\u2019s understandable, but still, where are the websites? Where do I need to go, what address should I enter in this so-called \"semantic browser\" to access Facebook? How do I find a company's website? Where can I buy a t-shirt or watch a video channel? Let's try to clarify with specific examples. <\/p>\n

Why do we need Facebook or another social network? Obviously, for communication: to share something about ourselves and read or view what others post, exchange comments. Importantly, we don\u2019t share with everyone and don\u2019t read everything\u2014communication is always limited to dozens, hundreds, or maybe a few thousand virtual friends. What is needed to organize such communication within the framework of the described decentralized network configuration? Correct: to create a community cluster with a set of standard action models (make a post, send a message, comment, like, etc.), configure access rights to the models, and invite other users to subscribe to this set. There we have our \u201cFacebook.\u201d But not the global Facebook dictating terms to everyone and everything, rather a customizable local social network fully under the control of the cluster participants. A user sends a transaction to the network according to one of the community models, say, their comment; the cluster members subscribed to this model receive the comment text and store it in their repositories (attaching it to a fragment of the subject graph) and display it in their semantic browsers. In other words, we have a decentralized social network (cluster) for the communication of a group of users, with all data stored on the users' devices. Can this data be visible to users outside the cluster? This is a question about access settings. If permission is granted, the content of community members can be read by a software agent and presented in the browser of anyone who conducts a search through the graph. It should also be noted that the number and complexity of cluster models are not limited\u2014anyone can set up a community according to the needs of any activity. It is also obvious that users can be members of an arbitrary number of clusters, both as active participants and simply by subscribing to individual models for reading only. <\/p>\n

Now let's answer the question: how can we find a company's website? The answer is simple: the place where comprehensive information about all companies resides is the corresponding sector of the semantic graph. You can access this place through browser navigation or by searching for the company's name. After that, it all depends on the user \u2014 what types of data presentation they need: a brief overview, detailed information, a list of services, a job vacancies list, or a contact form. This means that a company should use a set of standard models to send transactions into the network for its representation in the semantic graph, and immediately the data about it will be available for search and display. If there's a need to customize and expand the company's presentation online, it's possible to create custom models, including design-oriented ones. There are no limitations except for one: new models must be integrated into a unified tree to ensure data connectivity within the subject graph.<\/p>\n

The solution is equally straightforward for e-commerce. Each product (like a mobile phone or a t-shirt) has a unique identifier, and the product data is entered into the network by the manufacturer. Naturally, this is done only once, with the data signed by their private key. A company ready to sell that product makes several statements regarding pricing and delivery terms in the semantic graph, following a standard model. After that, each user independently solves the search problem: whether to look among the products that a known seller can provide, or to compare similar products from different manufacturers and only then choose a suitable supplier. Thus, again, the place where product selection and purchase occurs is the user's semantic browser, rather than some manufacturer or seller's website. Although, of course, both the manufacturer and the seller have the opportunity to create their own product display models that the buyer can use if they wish, should they find it convenient. Otherwise, everything can be accomplished using standard models for data search and display.<\/p>\n

A few words should be said about advertising and its role in the semantic network. The places where it is displayed remain traditional: either directly within the content (for instance, in videos) or in content display models. Only the intermediary between advertisers and content or model owners is removed, namely the website owner.<\/p>\n

Thus, the operation scheme of the semantic decentralized network, presented from the user's perspective, is extremely unified: (1) all content is placed in a single global semantic graph, (2) recording, searching, and displaying content is conducted through concept models, which ensure the semantic connectivity of data, (3) user activities are realized through dynamic models, (4) the only place where activity occurs is the user's semantic browser.
\n
Source: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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