{"id":39580,"date":"2019-10-31T22:36:07","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-fantast-artur-klark-chut-ne-zakryl-zhurnal-tehnika-molodezhi\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:36:07","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:36:07","slug":"kak-fantast-artur-klark-chut-ne-zakryl-zhurnal-tehnika-molodezhi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/kak-fantast-artur-klark-chut-ne-zakryl-zhurnal-tehnika-molodezhi","title":{"rendered":"How the fantastic author Arthur C. Clarke almost closed the magazine 'Technology for Youth'","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

When I became the smallest editor at the newspaper, my then-editor-in-chief \u2014 a lady who became a seasoned journalism veteran back in Soviet times \u2014 told me, 'Remember, now that you've started to grow \u2014 leading any media project is like running through a minefield. Not because it's dangerous, but because it's unpredictable. We deal with information, and you can't calculate or control it. That's why all editors run, but none of us knows when and on what exactly we will blow up.'<\/p>\n

At that time, I didn't understand her, but later, when I, like that Buratino \u2014 grew up, learned, and bought a thousand new jackets\u2026 In general, having learned a bit about the history of domestic journalism, I realized that the thesis is absolutely true. How many times media managers \u2014 even great media managers! \u2014 ended their careers due to completely unimaginable circumstances, the prediction of which was absolutely impossible.<\/p>\n

I won't tell you now how the editor of 'Funny Pictures' and the great illustrator Ivan Semyonov nearly got burned by bugs \u2014 in the most literal sense. That's a more suitable Friday story. But I will share the story of the great and terrible Vasily Zakharchenko, especially since it aligns well with the profile of Habr.<\/p>\n

In the Soviet magazine 'Technology for Youth', science and fiction were greatly cherished. Therefore, they often combined the two, publishing science fiction in the magazine.<\/p>\n

\"How
\n
\nFor many years, from 1949 to 1984, the legendary editor Vasily Dmitrievich Zakharchenko led the magazine, who, in fact, turned it into the 'Technology for Youth' that resonated throughout the country, became a legend of Soviet journalism, and was well-connected. Thanks to the latter circumstance, 'Technology for Youth' occasionally succeeded in doing what few could \u2014 publishing contemporary Anglo-American science fiction authors.<\/p>\n

No, contemporary Anglo-American science fiction authors were translated and published in the USSR. But in periodicals \u2014 fairly rarely. <\/p>\n

Why? <\/a><\/noindex>Because this is an enormous audience. These are incredible print runs even by Soviet standards. 'Technology for Youth', for example, had a circulation of 1.7 million copies.<\/p>\n

However, as I mentioned, there were times when it was possible. For much of 1980, enthusiastic science fiction lovers read Arthur Clarke's novel \"Rendezvous with Rama\" in the magazine. <\/p>\n

\"How
\n
\nArthur Clarke was considered a friend of the Soviet Union, having visited us, toured the Star City, and corresponded with cosmonaut Alexei Leonov. As for the novel \"Rendezvous with Rama,\" Clarke never hid the fact that he used the idea of a \"space elevator\" in the book, first proposed by the engineer from Leningrad, Yuri Artsutanov. <\/p>\n

After the publication of \"Fountains...\" Arthur Clarke visited the USSR in 1982, where he met with Leonov, Zakharchenko, and Artsutanov.<\/p>\n

\"How
\nYuri Artsutanov and Arthur Clarke visit the Museum of Cosmonautics and Rocket Technology in Leningrad.<\/i><\/p>\n

As a result of this visit, in 1984, Zakharchenko managed to push for the publication in \"Technique for Youth\" of another novel by the world-renowned author titled \"2010: Odyssey Two.\" This was a sequel to his famous book \"2001: A Space Odyssey,\" which was based on the script of Stanley Kubrick's iconic film.<\/p>\n

\"How
\n
\nA significant factor in this was that the second book included a great deal of Soviet content. The plot was centered around the spacecraft \"Alexei Leonov,\" which had a Soviet-American crew on board as it traveled to Jupiter to unravel the mystery of the ship \"Discovery,\" left in orbit around Jupiter in the first book.<\/p>\n

However, Clarke had a dedication on the first page:<\/p>\n

To two great Russians: General A. A. Leonov \u2014 cosmonaut, Hero of the Soviet Union, artist, and academic A. D. Sakharov \u2014 scientist, Nobel laureate, and humanist.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

But, as you can understand, the dedication was omitted in the magazine. Even without a lengthy struggle.<\/p>\n

The first issue was published successfully, followed by the second, and readers were already looking forward to a long, unhurried reading experience \u2014 just like in 1980.<\/p>\n

\"How
\n
\nBut in the third issue, there was no continuation. The public was unsettled but decided to wait \u2014 after all, they thought, maybe in the fourth issue everything would be fine.<\/p>\n

But in the fourth issue, something incredible happened \u2014 a pathetic, condensed summary of the further content of the novel was presented in three paragraphs.<\/p>\n

\"How
\n
\n\"Doctor, what was that?! Is that what they call the ending?!\" \u2014 the readers of \"Technique for Youth\" exclaimed in shock. But the answer only became clear after perestroika.<\/p>\n

It turns out that shortly after the publication began in \"Technique - Youth,\" an article titled \"COSMONAUTS - DISSIDENTS\" appeared in the \"International Herald Tribune\" thanks to censors making a flight on the pages of a Soviet magazine.<\/p>\n

S. Sobolev in his investigation <\/a><\/noindex>provides the full text of this note. It states, in particular:<\/p>\n

Soviet dissidents, who rarely get the chance to laugh in this solemnly formal country, can today chuckle at the joke played on the government censors by the famous British science fiction writer Arthur Clarke. This seemingly playful joke \u2014 \"a small but elegant Trojan horse,\" as one dissident called it \u2014 is found in A. Clarke's novel \"2010: Odyssey Two.\"<\/p>\n

The surnames of all the fictional cosmonauts in the novel actually correspond to those of well-known dissidents. There are no political disagreements among the characters \u2014 the Russians. Nevertheless, the cosmonauts share the same surname:
\n\u2014 Viktor Brailovsky \u2014 a computer specialist and one of the leading Jewish activists, who is set to be released this month after three years in exile in Central Asia;
\n\u2014 Ivan Kovalev \u2014 an engineer and founder of the now-dissolved \"Helsinki Group\" for monitoring human rights. He is serving a seven-year sentence in a labor camp;
\n\u2014 Anatoly Marchenko \u2014 a forty-six-year-old worker who spent 18 years in camps for political activism and is currently serving a sentence that ends in 1996;
\n\u2014 Yuri Orlov \u2014 a Jewish activist and one of the founders of the \"Helsinki Group.\" The well-known physicist Orlov completed a seven-year term in a labor camp last month and is serving an additional five-year term in Siberian exile,
\n\u2014 Leonid Ternovsky \u2014 a physicist who founded the \"Helsinki Group\" in Moscow in 1976. He served a three-year sentence in a camp;
\n\u2014 Mykola Rudenko \u2014 one of the founders of the \"Helsinki Group\" in Ukraine, who, after a seven-year sentence in a camp, is set to be released this month and sent into exile.
\n\u2014 Gleb Yakunin \u2014 a priest of the Russian Orthodox Church, sentenced in 1980 to five years of hard labor and another five years of settlement for anti-Soviet propaganda and agitation.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"How
\n
\nI don\u2019t quite understand why Clark so compromised Zakharchenko, with whom he had been on good terms for many years if not friends. Fans of the writer even came up with a witty explanation that Clark was not at fault; the same principle that gave rise to the generals Gogol and Pushkin in 'Bondiana' was at work. Supposedly, the fantasist used Russian surnames that were well-known in the Western press without any ulterior motives \u2014 we Americans were best acquainted with Angela Davis and Leonard Peltier. It\u2019s hard to believe, though \u2014 the selection seems too homogeneous.<\/p>\n

Well, in 'Technique \u2014 Youth', you can imagine what began. As recalled by the then assistant editor, later the chief editor of the magazine, Alexander Perevozchikov:<\/p>\n

Before this incident, our editor Vasily Dmitrievich Zakharchenko had access to the highest offices. But after Clark, the attitude towards him changed dramatically. He, who had just received another award from the Leninist Komsomol, was literally torn apart, smeared against the wall. And our magazine was on the brink of destruction. Nevertheless, this was not our mistake, but that of Glavlit. They should have noticed and advised us. As a result, we could publish only two chapters out of fifteen. The other thirteen chapters were summarized. On the printed page, I retold what would happen with Clark later. But the enraged Glavlit forced me to shorten the retelling by three times. We published the 'Odyssey' much later.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Indeed, Zakharchenko wrote an explanatory note to the Central Committee of the Komsomol, where he 'disarmed himself before the party'. According to the editor-in-chief, \"two-faced\" <\/i>Clark \"in a vile manner\"<\/i> gave the crew of the Soviet cosmonauts \"the names of a group of anti-Soviet elements who were prosecuted for hostile actions\"<\/i>. The editor-in-chief admitted that he had lost vigilance and promised to rectify the mistake.<\/p>\n

\"How
\nVasily Zakharchenko<\/i><\/p>\n

It didn't help. The magazine was not shut down, but they thoroughly 'shook it up.' Two weeks after the sensational Western article, Zakharchenko was fired, and several responsible employees of the magazine received disciplinary measures of varying severity. Additionally, Zakharchenko became a 'pariah' \u2014 his exit visa was revoked, he was excluded from the editorial boards of 'Children's Literature' and 'Young Guard', and invitations to appear on radio and television stopped \u2014 even for the program he created about car enthusiasts, 'You Can Do It.'<\/p>\n

In the preface to 'Odyssey-3', Arthur Clarke apologized to Leonov and Zakharchenko, although the latter seems somewhat mocking:<\/p>\n

\"Finally, I hope that cosmonaut Alexei Leonov has already forgiven me for placing him next to Dr. Andrei Sakharov (who at the time of dedication was still in exile in the city of Gorky). And I extend my heartfelt regrets to my good-natured Moscow host and editor Vasily Zharchenko (as it appears in the text) for dragging him into great trouble by using the surnames of various dissidents \u2014 most of whom, I'm glad to note, are no longer in confinement. One day, I hope, the subscribers of 'Youth Technology' will be able to read those chapters of the novel that so mysteriously disappeared.\"<\/i><\/p>\n

There will be no comments; I merely note that after this, it seems strange to talk about coincidence.<\/p>\n

\"How
\nThe cover of the novel 2061: Odyssey Three, where the apologies appeared<\/i><\/p>\n

So that's the whole story. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that all of this took place during the Chernenko era, and there were only a few months left until perestroika, acceleration, and glasnost. Moreover, Clarke's novel was still published in 'Youth Technology', in fact during the Soviet era \u2014 in 1989-1990.<\/p>\n

I must admit honestly \u2014 this story leaves me with a dual, even triple impression. <\/p>\n

It is now astonishing how much ideological confrontation meant back then, if human destinies were broken over such trivial matters.<\/p>\n

But at the same time \u2014 how significant our country was on the planet at that time. Today, it's hard for me to imagine a situation where a top-tier Western fantasist would dedicate a book to two Russians.<\/p>\n

And, most importantly, how significant knowledge was in our country during that time. Even in a revealing note from the \"International Herald Tribune,\" it was casually noted that \"Russians are among the most devoted fans of science fiction in the world.\"<\/i>, and the one-and-a-half million copies of the popular science magazine serve as the best proof of that.<\/p>\n

Now, of course, everything has changed. In some ways for the better, in others \u2014 for the worse.<\/p>\n

It has changed so much that there is practically nothing left of the world where this story happened. In this wonderful new world, no one is interested anymore in either the dissidents who did their part, the magazine \"Techniques for Youth\" which currently is published in tiny quantities on state subsidy, or \u2014 most regrettably \u2014 the space elevator.<\/p>\n

Yuri Artsutanov passed away quite recently, on January 1, 2019, but no one noticed. The only obituary appeared in the newspaper \"Troitsky Variant\" a month later.<\/p>\n

\"How
\n
Source: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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