{"id":54816,"date":"2020-01-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-04T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:52","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:52","slug":"bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/bryus-perens-pokinul-organizatsiyu-osi-iz-za-raznoglasij-kasayushhihsya-litsenzii-cal","title":{"rendered":"Bruce Perens left the OSI organization due to disagreements regarding the CAL license.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bruce Perens announced<\/a><\/noindex> departing from the Open Source Initiative (OSI), which verifies licenses for compliance with Open Source criteria. Bruce is a co-founder of OSI, one of the authors of the Open Source definition, the creator of the BusyBox package, and the second leader of the Debian project (succeeding Ian Murdock in 1996). The reason cited for his departure is the unwillingness to be associated with an upcoming OSI decision regarding the inclusion of CAL<\/a><\/noindex> (Cryptographic Autonomy License) into the category of open licenses.<\/p>\n

The CAL License refers<\/a><\/noindex> is classified as a copyleft license and was developed<\/a><\/noindex> commissioned by the project Holochain<\/a><\/noindex> specifically for enhanced user data protection in distributed P2P applications. Holochain develops a platform based on a hashchain for creating cryptographically verified distributed applications. <\/p>\n

The CAL License allows the use of Holochain as free and open-source software, provided several conditions are met. Firstly, the source code of Holochain and all derivative works must be supplied under the same conditions, including those related to ensuring the confidentiality of cryptographic keys. Secondly, the right to publicly perform Holochain, including the use of the Holochain API for launching applications, is granted only while maintaining the confidentiality and autonomy of each individual user's private cryptographic keys. <\/p>\n

The CAL license is conceptually different from other licenses \u2014 if a service uses software under this license, it covers not only the code but also the processed data. According to the CAL license, if a user's key confidentiality is violated (for example, if keys are stored on a centralized server), the ownership rights to the data are also violated, and control over one's copies of the application is lost. In practice, this feature of the license allows key manipulation only on the end user's side without storing them on centralized servers. <\/p>\n

For example, the CAL license will not allow a company to create its own corporate P2P chat based on Holochain, where employee keys are stored in a shared company-controlled repository that does not exclude the possibility of reading conversations. Thus, Holochain attempts to ensure that any application built on Holochain is trustworthy and autonomous. If an application relies on centralized systems to manage user keys, it loses its right to operate with Holochain.<\/p>\n

Bruce Perens believes<\/a><\/noindex>, that the CAL license does not provide the necessary freedom and is aimed at protecting Holochain<\/a><\/noindex> against abuses by developers trying to completely control user data in their applications. The requirement to store keys only on end-user systems in light of Open Source criteria<\/a><\/noindex> may be perceived as a violation of the rights of certain groups and discrimination based on application area.<\/p>\n

Perrins explained that an important aspect of open licenses is the ability to apply them without involving lawyers. A user can simply install a program provided under an OSI-approved open license, and if they do not modify the code and do not distribute the program to anyone else, they do not even need to read the license. More than 100 open licenses have been approved by OSI, and all of them comply with this model. However, the CAL license breaks this model \u2014 if someone works with a program under the CAL license and has users, they bear additional responsibility for returning data to those users. <\/p>\n

With the new license, Holochain aims to control the application network and counteract the fact that developers of clients for the distributed platform can bind users to themselves by capturing their data. Perrins acknowledges the noble goal of ensuring user data confidentiality but deems it unacceptable that understanding the license and interacting with users requires legal consultation. Perrins also noted the detrimental rise in the number of licenses, the plethora of which complicates combining applications under different licenses, and pointed out that only three licenses are needed \u2014 AGPLv3, LGPLv3, and Apache v2.<\/p>\n

The CAL license was developed by the well-known attorney Van Lindberg (Van Lindberg<\/a><\/noindex>), who specializes in intellectual property and open source licensing issues. According to data from<\/a><\/noindex>, which was obtained by The Register, Lindberg privately lobbied for OSI directors to recognize the CAL license without going through the public approval process.<\/p>\n

Lindberg responded that many people initially formed a biased opinion about the CAL license and are trying to use any excuse to oppose it. The term lobbying is inappropriate in this context, as the review and discussion of the license took place in public forums, and only procedural matters were discussed privately. <\/p>\n

Pamela Chestek, chair of the license review committee, pointed out that there is nothing unusual about private correspondence, as the OSI board usually consults with parties before reviewing a license. She had a phone conversation with Lindberg in which she attempted to clarify the issues with the proposed license. This communication may have been misunderstood. As for the CAL license, the discussion regarding it is not yet concluded, and a final opinion has not been formed.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Source: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441 (Bruce Perens) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Open Source Initiative (OSI), \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c Open Source. \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c OSI, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Open Source, 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