{"id":55413,"date":"2020-01-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-19T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/sotrudnik-red-hat-predstavil-sborochnuyu-sistemu-goals-vypusk-gnu-make-4-2"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:31","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:31","slug":"sotrudnik-red-hat-predstavil-sborochnuyu-sistemu-goals-vypusk-gnu-make-4-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/sotrudnik-red-hat-predstavil-sborochnuyu-sistemu-goals-vypusk-gnu-make-4-2","title":{"rendered":"A Red Hat employee presented the Goals build system. Release of GNU Make 4.2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Richard Jones (Richard WM Jones), author <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/libguestfs.org\/\">libguestfs<\/a><\/noindex>, working at Red Hat, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/rwmj.wordpress.com\/2020\/01\/14\/goals-an-experimental-new-tool-which-generalizes-make\/\">presented<\/a><\/noindex> a new build utility <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/people.redhat.com\/~rjones\/goals\/\">Goals<\/a><\/noindex>, aimed at addressing the shortcomings and issues in the make utility while maintaining the overall simplicity and clarity of the scripts. The make utility was designed in 1976 and has several conceptual flaws, which Goals intends to rectify without changing the overall concept.<br \/>\nSource code Goals <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/git.annexia.org\/?p=goals.git;a=summary\">is distributed<\/a><\/noindex> under license GPLv2+. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/git.annexia.org\/?p=libguestfs-talks.git;a=blob;f=2020-goals\/notes.txt;h=b03d9e5ea1062869c642a1850a09340ea1575116;hb=HEAD\">Problems addressed<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Support for only one dependency resolution tactic \u2014 &quot;the build instruction runs if the target file is missing or is older than any of the dependencies.&quot; Other tactics are planned for Goals, such as checking for URL presence, comparing modification times with any file, assessing package construction in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/fedoraproject.org\/wiki\/Koji\">Koji<\/a><\/noindex>, comparing checksums, running test suites with selective test skipping.\n<li class=\"l\"> When processing build goals, the make utility does not differentiate between files and rule names, and consequently, there is no check that when a rule is executed, the file claimed to be created will indeed be created. For example, if a rule named &quot;test&quot; exists, which runs scripts with tests, and a file named &quot;test&quot; is accidentally created, the tests will cease to be called, as make will assume the goal is built and requires no further actions (to work around this issue in make, the directive &quot;.PHONY: test&quot; can be specified). Goals explicitly separates files and rule names.\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Red Hat employee presented the Goals build system. Release of GNU Make 4.2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/47f42c47650ed38ae84938634edf1328.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Problem of providing only one parameter for build instructions.\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Red Hat employee presented the Goals build system. Release of GNU Make 4.2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2a81f9f98745e6d2ddbb90e21b110295.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Goals proposes to use an arbitrary number of named parameters. For example, one can separately extract a flag for the debug file from the name:<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Red Hat employee presented the Goals build system. Release of GNU Make 4.2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ffc783f17ae76bb4d928351ac216d828.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Problems interacting with the shell interpreter. For instance, the need to control space escaping in file and directory names, resource consumption from launching a separate shell interpreter for executing each command, double interpretation of the symbol &quot;$&quot; (used in both the shell and make), and indentation consideration.\n<p>The specified issues are resolved in Goals by using the symbol &quot;%&quot; instead of &quot;$&quot; for build variables (the &quot;$&quot; remains only for shell), using a parser <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LALR(1)\">LALR(1)<\/a><\/noindex>, which requires enclosing paths and file names in quotes and bracketing code blocks with curly braces. The entire block runs in one instance of the command shell, and arbitrary code formatting is allowed inside the block, without binding to special spaces.<\/p>\n<p>Previously:<br \/>\n    target: foo.o bar.o<br \/>\n     ${CC} ${CFLAGS} $&lt; -o $@       <\/p>\n<p>Now:<br \/>\n    &quot;target&quot;: &quot;foo.o&quot;, &quot;bar.o&quot; {<br \/>\n        LAGS &lt; -o %@<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other features of Goals:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Optional support for defining arbitrary names and parameters:\n<p>     goal all = : &quot;target&quot;<\/p>\n<p>     goal link =<br \/>\n     &quot;target&quot; : &quot;foo.o&quot;, &quot;bar.o&quot; { &hellip; }<\/p>\n<p>     goal compile (name) =<br \/>\n     \"%name.o\" : \"%name.c\", \"dep.h\" { LAGS -c $^ -o $@ }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Two launch modes: the make mode for matching build goals with file names (for example, the file &quot;foo.o&quot; corresponds to the goal &quot;%name.o&quot;), and the direct compilation launch mode:\n<p>     goal all = : link<\/p>\n<p>     goal link =<br \/>\n     &quot;target&quot; : &quot;foo.o&quot;, compile (&quot;bar&quot;) { &hellip; }<\/p>\n<p>     goal compile (name) =<br \/>\n     \"%name.o\" : \"%name.c\", \"dep.h\" { LAGS -c $^ -o $@ }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> The build tactic is defined by special rules that can determine the necessity of rebuilding the build goal. If binding to the presence of a file is implemented, it is explicitly defined through the corresponding indicator (&quot;target&quot; for rule name and *file(&quot;target&quot;) for file checking).\n<p>  &quot;target&quot; : &quot;foo.o&quot;, &quot;bar.o&quot; { &hellip; }<\/p>\n<p>  *file(&quot;target&quot;) : *file(&quot;foo.o&quot;), *file(&quot;bar.o&quot;) { &hellip; }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> The developer can define arbitrary attributes for assembly tactics. The attribute \u2018*file\u2019 is defined by default (@{\u2026} indicates suppression of output, and \u2018exit 99\u2019 signals the need for a rebuild):\n<p>   tactic *file (filename) = @{<br \/>\n      test -f %filename || exit 99<br \/>\n      for f in %<\/p>\n<p>Source: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52215\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u043e\u043d\u0441 (Richard WM Jones), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 libguestfs, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Red Hat, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443 Goals, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 make \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432. \u0423\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 make \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 1976 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0432 Goals \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - 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