{"id":75526,"date":"2020-03-26T19:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-03-26T17:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kto-takoj-devops-i-kogda-on-ne-nuzhen"},"modified":"2020-03-26T19:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-03-26T17:42:18","slug":"kto-takoj-devops-i-kogda-on-ne-nuzhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kto-takoj-devops-i-kogda-on-ne-nuzhen","title":{"rendered":"Who is DevOps and when is it not needed?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Who is DevOps and when is it not needed?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/dd0004f6f305d9fbf44ac3ffe080157b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nThe topic of DevOps has become very popular in recent years. Many dream of entering this field, but as practice shows, often it\u2019s just because of the salary levels.<\/p>\n<p>Some people list DevOps on their resumes, although they don\u2019t always know and understand the essence of the term. Some believe that by learning Ansible, GitLab, Jenkins, Terraform, and similar tools (the list can go on), they will instantly become a 'DevOps engineer.' This, of course, is not the case.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nFor the past several years, I have mainly been involved in implementing DevOps in various companies. Prior to that, I worked for over 20 years in positions ranging from system administrator to IT director. Currently, I am a DevOps Lead Engineer at Playgendary. <\/p>\n<h3>Who is DevOps<\/h3>\n<p>\nThe idea to write this article arose after yet another question: 'Who is DevOps?'. There is still no established term for what or who this is. Some answers are already present in this <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/hlFDMWrkhoI\">video<\/a><\/noindex>. First, I will highlight the main theses from it, and then I will share my observations and thoughts.<\/p>\n<p>DevOps is not a specialist that can be hired, nor a set of tools, nor a department of developers with engineers.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>DevOps is a philosophy and methodology.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nIn other words, it is a set of practices that helps developers actively collaborate with system administrators. That is, to connect and integrate workflows with each other.<\/p>\n<p>With the advent of DevOps, the structure and roles of specialists remained the same (there are developers, there are engineers), but the rules of interaction changed. The boundaries between departments blurred.<\/p>\n<p>The goals of DevOps can be described in three points: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Software should be updated regularly.<\/li>\n<li>Software should be developed quickly.<\/li>\n<li>Software should be deployed conveniently and in a short time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDevOps does not have a single tool. Setting up, installing, and learning several products does not mean that the company has introduced DevOps. There are many tools involved at different stages, but they serve one common purpose.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Who is DevOps and when is it not needed?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/4f2d8b6dac21205bf5e3ab7fa283da12.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>And this is just part of the DevOps tools.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>For more than 2 years, I have been interviewing people for the DevOps engineer position and I have come to realize how important it is to clearly understand the essence of the term. I have accumulated specific experience, observations, and thoughts that I want to share.<\/p>\n<p>From my interview experience, I see the following picture: <b>specialists who consider DevOps a position usually have misunderstandings with their colleagues.<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>There was a striking example. A young man came to the interview with a lot of smart words in his resume. He had been at his last three jobs for 5-6 months each. He left two startups because they 'didn't take off.' Regarding the third company, he said nobody understood him: developers wrote code in Windows, and the director forced him to 'wrap' that code in regular Docker and integrate it into the CI\/CD pipeline. The guy shared a lot of negative experiences about his current job and colleagues \u2014 it made me want to respond: 'You can't sell an elephant like that.'<\/p>\n<p>Then I asked him a question that is one of the first on my list for every candidate.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 What does DevOps mean to you personally?<br \/>\n\u2014 Overall or how do I perceive it?<\/p>\n<p>I was interested in his personal opinion. He knew the theory and the origin of the term, but he categorically disagreed with it. He believed that DevOps is a position. This is where the root of his problems lies, as well as for other specialists with the same viewpoint.<\/p>\n<p>Employers, having heard about the 'magic of DevOps,' want to find someone who will come and create this 'magic.' However, candidates who think 'DevOps is a position' do not understand that with such an approach, they will not be able to meet expectations. Moreover, they wrote DevOps on their resumes because it is a trend and pays well. <\/p>\n<h3>DevOps Methodology and Philosophy<\/h3>\n<p>\nMethodology can be theoretical and practical. In our case, it is the latter. As I mentioned earlier, DevOps is a set of practices and strategies used to achieve declared goals. And in each case, depending on the company's business processes, it can differ significantly. This does not make it better or worse.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The DevOps methodology is merely a means to achieve set objectives.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nNow, about what the philosophy of DevOps is. This is probably the most difficult question.<\/p>\n<p>It is quite challenging to formulate a brief and concise answer because it has not yet been formalized. And since advocates of the DevOps philosophy are more engaged in practice \u2014 there is simply no time for philosophizing. Nevertheless, it is a very important process. Moreover, it directly relates to engineering activities. There is even a specialized field of knowledge \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8\">the philosophy of technology<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>There was no such subject in my university; I had to study everything independently using the materials I could find from the 90s. The topic is not mandatory for engineering education, hence the lack of formalized responses. However, those who have seriously immersed themselves in DevOps start to sense a certain 'spirit' or 'unconscious comprehensiveness' of all company processes.<\/p>\n<p>Based on my experience, I tried to formalize some 'postulates' of this philosophy. Here\u2019s what I came up with:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>DevOps is not something independent that can be separated into a distinct field of knowledge or activity.<\/li>\n<li>All employees of the company should adhere to DevOps methodology when planning their activities.<\/li>\n<li>DevOps affects all processes within the company.<\/li>\n<li>DevOps exists to reduce time costs on any processes within the company to ensure the development of its services and maximum customer comfort.<\/li>\n<li>In modern terms, DevOps represents a proactive stance of each employee in the company aimed at reducing time expenditures and improving the quality of the IT products around us.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nI believe my 'postulates' are a separate topic for discussion. But now there is a basis from which to start.<\/p>\n<h3>What DevOps does<\/h3>\n<p>\nThe key word here is communications. There are many communications, the initiator of which should be that very DevOps engineer. Why is that? Because it is a philosophy and methodology, and only then comes the engineering knowledge.<\/p>\n<p>I can't speak about the Western job market with 100% certainty. However, I know quite a lot about the DevOps market in Russia. Besides hundreds of interviews, over the past one and a half years, I participated in about a hundred technical presales for the 'DevOps Implementation' service for major Russian companies and banks.<\/p>\n<p>In Russia, DevOps is still a very young but already trending topic. As far as I know, there was a shortage of over 1,000 such specialists in Moscow alone in 2019. The word Kubernetes is like a red rag to a bull for employers. Advocates of this tool are ready to use it even where it is unnecessary and economically unfeasible. Employers do not always understand in which cases it is more appropriate to use what, and with proper deployment, the cost of a Kubernetes cluster is 2-3 times higher than deploying an application using a standard cluster scheme. Use it where it is truly needed. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Who is DevOps and when is it not needed?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/7f8a2a30abc7a2cd59b49083c7011211.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nImplementing DevOps in terms of money is expensive. It is justified only where it brings economic benefits in other areas rather than for its own sake.<\/p>\n<p>DevOps engineers are effectively pioneers\u2014they are the first to implement this methodology in companies and build processes. For this to be successful, a specialist must constantly interact with employees and colleagues at all levels. As I usually say, the process of implementing DevOps must involve all employees of the company: from the cleaning staff to the CEO. This is a mandatory condition. If the youngest team member does not know and understand what DevOps is and why certain organizational actions are being taken, successful implementation will not be possible.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, the DevOps engineer needs to occasionally use administrative resources. For example, to overcome 'resistance from the environment'\u2014when a team is unwilling to accept the tools and methodology of DevOps. <\/p>\n<p>A developer should only write code and tests. For this, they do not need a super-powerful laptop to deploy and maintain the entire project infrastructure locally. For instance, a frontend developer may keep all application elements on their laptop, including the database, S3 emulator (minio), and more. This means they spend a lot of time maintaining this local infrastructure and are fighting all the issues of such a solution on their own, instead of developing code for the frontend. Such individuals may strongly resist any changes.<\/p>\n<p>However, there are teams that are, on the contrary, eager to adopt new tools and methods, and actively participate in this process. Though even in such cases, communication between the DevOps engineer and the team remains essential.<\/p>\n<h3>When DevOps Is Not Needed<\/h3>\n<p>\nThere are situations when DevOps is not needed. This is a fact that should be understood and accepted.<\/p>\n<p>First and foremost, this applies to any companies (especially small businesses) whose profits do not directly depend on the presence or absence of IT products that provide informational services to clients. And here, we are not talking about the company's website, whether it's a static 'business card' or has dynamic news blocks, etc.<\/p>\n<p>DevOps is necessary when the existence of these informational services for client interaction, their quality, and targeting directly affects your client's satisfaction and their desire to return to you.<\/p>\n<p>A striking example is a well-known bank. The company has no traditional client offices; document flow is managed via mail or couriers, and many employees work from home. The company has ceased to be just a bank and, in my opinion, has turned into an IT company with advanced DevOps technologies.<\/p>\n<p>Many other examples and lectures can be found in the recordings of thematic meetups and conferences. I personally attended some of them \u2014 it\u2019s a very useful experience for those looking to grow in this direction. Here are links to YouTube channels with good lectures and materials on DevOps:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCjnQreLMbpKsfJwDnHGZLxg\/featured\">DevOops<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC1nDIT9thqoFSSxvLyPHF5w\/featured\">DevOpsConf<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/profyclub\/featured\">HighLoad++<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCjmwHCZ-qh3ro7hHTQhqYQg\">Flant<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCnvbzVff0AGuHHzxcDTtj6w\/featured\">MailRu Cloud Solution<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nNow, take a look at your business and think about this: how much does your company and its profits depend on IT products that facilitate client interaction? <\/p>\n<p>If your company sells fish in a small shop and the only IT products are two configurations of 1C: Enterprise (Accounting and UHF), then there is hardly any point in discussing DevOps.<\/p>\n<p>However, if you work in a large trading and manufacturing enterprise (for example, producing hunting rifles), then it's worth considering. You can take the initiative to convey the prospects of implementing DevOps to your management. And, by the way, lead this process. A proactive position is one of the important tenets of the DevOps philosophy.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The size and volume of annual financial turnover is not the main criterion for determining whether your company needs DevOps.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nImagine a large industrial enterprise that does not interact directly with customers. For example, some automotive manufacturers and car production companies. I am not sure now, but from my past experience, for many years all customer interactions were conducted via email and phone. <\/p>\n<p>Their clients are a limited list of car dealers, and each is assigned a specialist from the manufacturer. All internal document flow occurs through ERP SAP. Internal employees essentially act as clients of the information system. However, the management of this information system is carried out using traditional methods for managing cluster systems, which excludes the possibility of using DevOps practices.<\/p>\n<p>The conclusion is as follows: for such enterprises, implementing DevOps is not critically important, if we recall the goals of the methodology from the beginning of the article. However, I do not rule out that some DevOps tools are used by them today.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, there are many small companies that develop software using DevOps methodology, philosophy, practices, and tools. They believe that the costs of implementing DevOps are expenses that enable them to compete effectively in the software market. Examples of such companies can be seen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCjmwHCZ-qh3ro7hHTQhqYQg\">here<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The main criterion for understanding whether DevOps is needed: what importance do your IT products have for the company and customers.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nIf the company's main product, which generates profit, is software \u2014 you need DevOps. It doesn't matter if you make real money with other goods. This also includes online stores or mobile applications with games.<\/p>\n<p>Any games exist thanks to funding: direct or indirect from players. At Playgendary, we develop free mobile games, in the direct creation of which more than 200 people are involved. How do we use DevOps?<\/p>\n<p>Exactly as described above. I constantly communicate with developers and testers, conducting internal training for employees on the methodology and tools of DevOps. <\/p>\n<p>Currently, we actively use Jenkins as a tool for CI\/CD pipelines to run all build processes with Unity and subsequently deploy to the App Store and Play Market. Other classic tools include: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Asana - for project management. Integration with Jenkins is set up.<\/li>\n<li>Google Meet - for conducting video meetings.<\/li>\n<li>Slack - for communication and various notifications, including alerts from Jenkins.<\/li>\n<li>Atlassian Confluence - for documentation and collaborative work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nIn the near future, we plan to implement static code analysis using SonarQube and conduct automated UI testing with Selenium during the Continuous Integration phase.<\/p>\n<h3>In conclusion<\/h3>\n<p>\nI would like to conclude with this thought: to become a highly qualified DevOps engineer, it is vital to learn effective communication with people.<\/p>\n<p>A DevOps engineer is a team player. No exceptions. The initiative in communication with colleagues must come from them, not be influenced by external circumstances. A DevOps specialist should identify and propose the best solutions for the team. <\/p>\n<p>And yes, implementing any solution will require extensive discussions, and by the end, it may change entirely. By independently developing, proposing, and executing their ideas, such a person adds increasing value to both the team and the employer. Ultimately, this reflects on their monthly compensation or in the form of bonuses.<br \/>\n<br \/>Source: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/playgendary\/blog\/493998\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0422\u0435\u043c\u0430 DevOps \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442. \u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435 DevOps, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u041a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432 Ansible, GitLab, Jenkins, Terraform \u0438 \u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 (\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043a\u0443\u0441), \u0442\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":75527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75526","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0422\u0435\u043c\u0430 DevOps \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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