{"id":89721,"date":"2020-07-25T19:42:21","date_gmt":"2020-07-25T17:42:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej"},"modified":"2020-07-25T19:42:21","modified_gmt":"2020-07-25T17:42:21","slug":"booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/news\/booty-utilita-dlya-sozdaniya-zagruzochnyh-obrazov-i-nakopitelej","title":{"rendered":"Booty \u2014 a utility for creating bootable images and drives","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

The program is presented Booty<\/a><\/noindex>, which allows users to create bootable initrd images, ISO files, or storage devices with any GNU\/Linux distribution with a single command. The code is written in POSIX shell and is distributed<\/a><\/noindex> under the GPLv3 license. <\/p>\n

All distributions booted using Booty run either in SHMFS (tmpfs) or in SquashFS + Overlay FS, depending on user selection. The distribution is created once, while boot options allow for the use of a clean tmpfs as the root, or a combination of Overlay FS + SquashFS with changes written to tmpfs. There is an option to pre-copy the bootable distribution into RAM, allowing the USB flash drive to be disconnected after loading and copying the distribution into memory.<\/p>\n

First of all, Booty generates its own initrd image, which can use the native utilities from the current system or busybox. It is possible to include (pack) an entire distribution installed in a directory into the initramfs (chroot). This can be useful when it is necessary to update the system using kexec: simply reboot initrd with a new kernel and new system inside the initrd.<\/p>\n

Creating a Booty-specific initrd image:<\/p>\n

mkdir initramfs\/
\n mkinitramfs initramfs\/ \u2014output initrd<\/p>\n

Creating an initrd image by including the distribution from the directory \u00abgentoo\/\u00bb:<\/p>\n

mkdir initramfs\/
\n mkinitramfs initramfs\/ \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014cpio \u2014output initrd<\/p>\n

After which this initrd image is fully ready for booting, for example, via PXE or through kexec.<\/p>\n

Next, Booty generates images with the system specified as \u00aboverlays\u00bb. For example, you can install (unpack the archive) a conditional Gentoo in a separate directory, after which a cpio archive or SquashFS image with this system will be generated using Booty. You can also configure the distribution in a separate directory and copy personal settings into another directory. All these \u00ablayers\u00bb will be loaded one on top of the other to create a single working system.<\/p>\n

mkdir initramfs\/
\n mkinitramfs initramfs\/ \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014overlay settings\/ \u2014overlay documents\/ \u2014squashfs \u2014output initrd<\/p>\n

Ultimately, Booty allows the creation of bootable ISO images and USB, HDD, SSD, and other storage devices, installing the aforementioned system from the images. Booty<\/a><\/noindex> Supports the creation of boot systems for both BIOS and UEFI. Supports GRUB2 and SYSLINUX bootloaders. Bootloaders can be combined; for example, to boot in BIOS, use SYSLINUX, and for UEFI \u2014 GRUB2. To create ISO images, additionally, the cdrkit (genisoimage) package or xorriso (xorrisofs) is required, at your choice.<\/p>\n

The only additional action required is to prepare the kernel (vmlinuz) for booting in advance. The author (Spoofing) recommends using \u00abmake defconfig\u00bb. Before creating the image, you must prepare a directory by placing the vmlinuz kernel and a pre-prepared \u00abempty\u00bb initrd created in the first example in it.<\/p>\n

mkdir iso\/
\n cp \/boot\/vmlinuz-* iso\/boot\/vmlinuz
\n cp initrd iso\/boot\/initrd<\/p>\n

The preparation is complete; now we can create ISO images from this directory. <\/p>\n

The following command will create an ISO image, which is non-bootable, just an ISO:<\/p>\n

mkdir iso\/
\n mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014output archive.iso<\/p>\n

To create a bootable image, you need to specify the option \u00ab--legacy-boot\u00bb for BIOS and \u00ab--efi\u00bb for UEFI respectively; options can take either grub2 or syslinux as parameters, and you can specify only one option (for example, if UEFI boot support is not needed, it can be omitted).<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014legacy-boot syslinux \u2014output boot-biosonly.iso<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014legacy-boot syslinux \u2014efi grub2 \u2014output boot-bios-uefi.iso<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014efi grub2 \u2014output boot-uefionly.iso<\/p>\n

And just as images with the system were included in initrd earlier, they can be included in the ISO.<\/p>\n

mkbootisofs iso\/ \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014squashfs \u2014legacy-boot grub2 \u2014efi grub2 \u2014output gentoo.iso<\/p>\n

After this command, a bootable BIOS\/UEFI ISO image will be generated, which will boot Gentoo from a SquashFS image using Overlay FS, utilizing tmpfs for data storage. The kernel must be compiled with support for Overlay FS with SquashFS. However, if this is not required for any reason, you can use the option '\u2014cpio' instead of '\u2014squashfs' to package gentoo\/ as a cpio archive; in this case, the archive will be unpacked directly into tmpfs during boot, provided that there is enough RAM available for unpacking the system into tmpfs.<\/p>\n

Interesting fact: if the ISO image created using the option '\u2014efi' is unpacked on a FAT32 flash drive by simply copying the files (cp -r), the flash drive will boot in UEFI mode without any prior preparation, thanks to the specifics of UEFI bootloaders.<\/p>\n

In addition to bootable ISOs with the same parameters, any bootable medium can be created: USB, HDD, SSD, etc., and this medium can continue to be used for its intended purpose. To do this, you need to mount, for example, the USB device and run mkbootisofs on it. Just add one option '\u2014bootable' so that the medium containing the specified directory becomes bootable.<\/p>\n

mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt
\nmkbootisofs \/mnt \u2014overlay gentoo\/ \u2014squashfs \u2014legacy-boot grub2 \u2014efi grub2 \u2014bootable<\/p>\n

After this, the USB device will become bootable with the overlay gentoo\/ (don\u2019t forget to copy the files \/boot\/vmlinuz and \/boot\/initrd to the device). <\/p>\n

If, for some reason, the medium was not mounted at \/mnt, and it turns out that \/mnt is on the primary device \/dev\/sda, then the bootloader will be overwritten on \/dev\/sda. Caution should be exercised when specifying the option \u2014bootable.<\/p>\n

During booting, Booty supports several options that can be specified in the bootloader, grub.cfg or syslinux.cfg. By default, without any options, it boots and unpacks all overlays into tmpfs (default option ooty.use-shmfs). To use Overlay FS, the option booty.use-overlayfs must be used. The option booty.copy-to-ram first copies the overlays to tmpfs, then mounts and loads them. After copying, the USB device (or another drive) can be removed.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Source: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 Booty, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b initrd, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b ISO \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 GNU\/Linux. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 POSIX shell \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Booty, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 SHMFS (tmpfs), \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 SquashFS + Overlay FS, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47booty \u2014 a utility for creating bootable images and drives | ProHoster","description":"The Booty program is presented, which allows creating bootable images initrd, ISO files, or drives with one 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