{"id":97698,"date":"2020-10-20T20:42:23","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T18:42:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-setevyh-protokolov-i-protokolov-obmena-soobshheniyami-dlya-iot"},"modified":"2020-10-20T20:42:23","modified_gmt":"2020-10-20T18:42:23","slug":"obzor-setevyh-protokolov-i-protokolov-obmena-soobshheniyami-dlya-iot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/en\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obzor-setevyh-protokolov-i-protokolov-obmena-soobshheniyami-dlya-iot","title":{"rendered":"An overview of networking protocols and message exchange protocols for IoT","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Hello, Habr users! <\/em><\/strong>The first online IoT developer course in Russia<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/noindex> is starting at OTUS this October. We are currently accepting applications for the course, and to support this, we continue to share useful materials with you.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"An<\/p>\n

The Internet of Things (IoT) will be built upon the existing network infrastructure, technologies, and protocols currently used in homes\/offices and on the Internet, and will offer much more.<\/p>\n

The aim of this guide is to provide a brief overview of the network and application protocols for IoT.<\/p>\n

Note: You should have knowledge of the fundamentals of networking technologies<\/u><\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

IoT networks<\/h4>\n

IoT will operate on existing TCP\/IP networks.<\/p>\n

TCP\/IP uses a four-layer model with specific protocols at each layer. See understanding the TCP\/IP 4 layer model<\/u><\/a><\/noindex> (exploring the four-layer TCP\/IP model).<\/p>\n

The diagram below shows a comparison of currently used protocols and those that are likely to be used for IoT.<\/p>\n

\"An<\/p>\n

Notes on the diagram:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    The font size displays the popularity of the protocol. For example, leftward IPv4 is larger because it is much more popular in today's Internet. However, to the right, it is smaller since IPv6 is expected to be more popular in IoT.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Not all protocols are shown.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Most changes are expected at the link (levels 1 and 2) and application layers (level 4).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    The network and transport layers are likely to remain unchanged.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Link layer protocols<\/h4>\n

    At the link layer (Data Link), you need to connect devices to each other. They can be near, such as in local networks, or far apart: in metropolitan area networks and wide area networks.<\/p>\n

    Currently, Ethernet and Wi-Fi are used at this level in home and office networks (LAN), while 3G\/4G are used in mobile networks (WAN). However, many IoT devices are low-power, such as sensors, and are powered only by batteries. In these cases, Ethernet is unsuitable, but low powered Wi-Fi and low powered Bluetooth can be used.<\/p>\n

    While existing wireless technologies (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3G\/4G) will still be used to connect these devices, it's also worth looking at new technologies specifically developed for IoT applications, which are likely to grow in popularity.<\/p>\n

    Among them:<\/p>\n