{"id":102342,"date":"2021-11-20T15:36:48","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T13:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-0-1"},"modified":"2021-11-20T15:36:48","modified_gmt":"2021-11-20T13:36:48","slug":"vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-0-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-0-1","title":{"rendered":"Lanzamiento del filtrado de paquetes nftables 1.0.1","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se ha publicado la versi\u00f3n 1.0.1 del filtrado de paquetes nftables, que unifica las interfaces de filtrado de paquetes para IPv4, IPv6, ARP y puentes de red (destinada a reemplazar iptables, ip6tables, arptables y ebtables). Los cambios necesarios para la operaci\u00f3n de nftables 1.0.1 est\u00e1n incluidos en la versi\u00f3n del n\u00facleo Linux 5.16-rc1.      <\/p>\n<p>El paquete nftables incluye componentes del filtrador de paquetes que funcionan en el espacio de usuario, mientras que a nivel del n\u00facleo, el trabajo es realizado por el subsistema nf_tables, incluido en el n\u00facleo de Linux desde la versi\u00f3n 3.13. A nivel del n\u00facleo, solo se proporciona una interfaz general, independiente del protocolo espec\u00edfico, que ofrece funciones b\u00e1sicas para extraer datos de paquetes, realizar operaciones con datos y gestionar flujos.    <\/p>\n<p>Las reglas de filtrado y los controladores espec\u00edficos del protocolo se compilan en bytecode en el espacio de usuario, que luego se carga en el n\u00facleo a trav\u00e9s de la interfaz Netlink y se ejecuta en el n\u00facleo en un espacio especial <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"una m\u00e1quina virtual\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4318\">una m\u00e1quina virtual<\/a>, similar a BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters). Este enfoque permite reducir significativamente el tama\u00f1o del c\u00f3digo de filtrado que opera a nivel de n\u00facleo y trasladar todas las funciones de an\u00e1lisis de reglas y la l\u00f3gica de trabajo con protocolos al espacio de usuario.    <\/p>\n<p>Novedades principales:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha reducido el consumo de memoria al cargar grandes conjuntos y mapas.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha acelerado la recarga de conjuntos y mapas.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha acelerado la salida de tablas y cadenas seleccionadas en grandes conjuntos de reglas. Por ejemplo, el tiempo de ejecuci\u00f3n del comando &#171;nft list ruleset&#187; para mostrar un conjunto de reglas que contiene 100,000 l\u00edneas es de 3.049 segundos, mientras que al mostrar solo las tablas nat y filter (&#171;nft list table nat&#187;, &#171;nft list table filter&#187;) se reduce a 1.969 y 0.697 segundos.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha optimizado la ejecuci\u00f3n de consultas con la opci\u00f3n &#171;&#8212;terse&#187; al procesar reglas con grandes listas set y map.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha a\u00f1adido la capacidad de filtrar tr\u00e1fico desde la cadena &#171;egress&#187;, que se procesa al mismo nivel que el manejador egress en la cadena netdev (hook egress), es decir, en la etapa en que el controlador recibe el paquete del stack de red del n\u00facleo. table netdev filter { chain egress { type filter hook egress devices = { eth0, eth1 } priority 0; meta priority set ip saddr map { 192.168.10.2 : abcd:2, 192.168.10.3 : abcd:3 } } }\n<li class=\"l\"> Se permite la coincidencia y modificaci\u00f3n de bytes en el encabezado y contenido del paquete seg\u00fan el desplazamiento especificado.      # nft add rule x y @ih,32,32 0x14000000 counter    # nft add rule x y @ih,32,32 set 0x14000000 counter    <\/ul>\n<p>Fuente: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56192\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 1.0.1, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 iptables, ip6table, arptables \u0438 ebtables). \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 nftables 1.0.1 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.16-rc1. \u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 nftables \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102342","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 1.0.1, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e 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