{"id":102442,"date":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Lanzamiento de la distribuci\u00f3n NixOS 21.11, que utiliza el gestor de paquetes Nix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se lanz\u00f3 la distribuci\u00f3n NixOS 21.11, basada en el gestor de paquetes Nix y que ofrece una serie de desarrollos propios que simplifican la configuraci\u00f3n y el mantenimiento del sistema. Por ejemplo, NixOS utiliza un \u00fanico archivo de configuraci\u00f3n del sistema (configuration.nix), permite la recuperaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida de actualizaciones, soporta el cambio entre diferentes estados del sistema, permite la instalaci\u00f3n de paquetes individuales por parte de usuarios (el paquete se instala en el directorio personal), permite la instalaci\u00f3n simult\u00e1nea de varias versiones de un programa y garantiza compilaciones reproducibles. El tama\u00f1o de la imagen de instalaci\u00f3n completa con KDE es de 1.6 GB, GNOME \u2014 2 GB, y la versi\u00f3n reducida de consola \u2014 765 MB.     <\/p>\n<p>Novedades principales:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> El escritorio KDE Plasma por defecto ha sido cambiado para usar el protocolo Wayland. Se han actualizado los escritorios GNOME 41 y Pantheon 6 (de Elementary OS 6).\n<li class=\"l\"> En lugar de iptables, se utiliza el conjunto iptables-nft, que proporciona utilidades con la misma sintaxis de l\u00ednea de comandos, pero que traducen las reglas recibidas a c\u00f3digo byte nf_tables.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se han actualizado las versiones de Systemd 249, PHP 8.0, Python 3.9, PostgreSQL 13, bash 5, OpenSSH 8.8p1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha mejorado significativamente el soporte del sistema de gesti\u00f3n de contenedores LXD. Se ha implementado la posibilidad de construir im\u00e1genes para LXD a partir de archivos de configuraci\u00f3n utilizando nixpkgs. Se asegura la construcci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes de nixOS con completo apoyo a nixos-rebuild, que se pueden utilizar de forma independiente.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se han a\u00f1adido m\u00e1s de 40 nuevos servicios, incluyendo Git, btrbk (copia de seguridad btrfs), clipcat (administrador del portapapeles), dex (proveedor OAuth 2.0), Jibri (servicio para grabar conferencias Jitsi Meet), Kea (servidor DHCP), owncast (streaming de video), PeerTube, ucarp (implementaci\u00f3n del protocolo CARP), opensnitch (cortafuegos din\u00e1mico), Hockeypuck (servidor de claves OpenPGP), MeshCentral (similar a TeamViewer), influxdb2 (BD para almacenar m\u00e9tricas), fluidd (interfaz web para gestionar impresoras 3D), postfixadmin (interfaz web para gestionar el correo sobre Postfix), seafile (plataforma de almacenamiento en la nube). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"el servidor\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3027\">el servidor<\/a> en base a Postfix), seafile (plataforma de almacenamiento en la nube).      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Al utilizar Nix, los paquetes se instalan en un \u00e1rbol de directorios separado en \/nix\/store o en un subdirectorio dentro del directorio del usuario. Por ejemplo, un paquete se instala como \/nix\/store\/a2b5\u20268b163-firefox-94.0.2\/, donde \u00aba2b5\u2026\u00bb es un identificador \u00fanico del paquete que se utiliza para controlar las dependencias. Los paquetes est\u00e1n organizados como contenedores que contienen los componentes necesarios para el funcionamiento de las aplicaciones. Un enfoque similar se aplica en el gestor de paquetes GNU Guix, que se basa en las contribuciones de Nix.      <\/p>\n<p>Es posible definir dependencias entre paquetes, utilizando escaneo de identificadores hash en el directorio de paquetes instalados para buscar dependencias ya instaladas. Es posible tanto descargar paquetes binarios listos desde el repositorio (cuando se instalan actualizaciones de paquetes binarios, solo se descargan los cambios delta), como compilarlos a partir de los textos fuente con todas las dependencias. La colecci\u00f3n de paquetes se presenta en un repositorio especial llamado Nixpkgs.          <\/p>\n<p>Fuente: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56263\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 NixOS \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (configuration.nix), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433), \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 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